Hesfire: cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb thiab kev faib tawm

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Hmoob hluav taws tshwm sim ntau zaus. Txhawm rau kom tsob ntoo qhuav kom tua hluav taws, tsuas yog ib qho me me los yog xob laim tawm tsam txaus. Xav tias nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws cov nroj tsuag tau teem rau hluav taws nyob rau hauv lub teb, cov hluav taws kub nce ntau zaus.

Lub teb chaws loj dua, qhov hluav taws kub tshwm sim ntau dua. Thiab yog hais tias ib tug tsis tu ncua drought prevails, ces ntoo thiab shrubs tuaj yeem ignite yam tsis muaj laj thawj dab tsi. Muaj hluav taws hauv av thiab hluav taws kub nyhiab, tseem muaj av hluav taws kub thiab lwm yam hluav taws kub. Tab sis ua ntej ua ntej.

Yuav ua li cas hluav taws kub hnyiab

lo lus no yog hais txog hluav taws uas tsis muaj kev tswj hwm uas tshwm sim hauv hav zoov. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm xws li hluav taws kub, ib nrab los yog tag nrho burnout ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub saum toj no theem, hav zoov litter (poob nplooj, ceg, thiab lwm yam) thiab fertile av txheej tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj dab tsi loj hlob hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam los ntawm hluav taws rau lub sijhawm ntev. Tsis tas li ntawd, hluav taws kub nyhiab feem ntau tua tsiaj.

Kev puas tsuaj ntuj tsim los ntawm hom no yog qhov txaus ntshai heev, vim qhov hluav taws kub hnyiab tau sai heev rau thaj tsam loj. Feem ntau thaum lub sijhawm nrhiav pomhav zoov hluav taws, nws npog thaj chaw loj, uas ua rau nyuaj heev rau kev tua hluav taws.

Kev tshwm sim

Feem ntau, hluav taws tshwm los ntawm xob laim, lawv suav txog ntau dua 8% ntawm hluav taws. Nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm thaj chaw nws tus kheej. Hauv hav zoov uas muaj cov ntoo hluas, kev puas tsuaj ntuj tsim muaj tsawg dua.

Lwm qhov ua rau hluav taws kub yog tib neeg. Hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, qhov hluav taws kub tshwm sim los ntawm kev txhob txwm ua los txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov nroj tsuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov, tib neeg mus rau barbecue lossis khaws cov nceb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug unextinguished luam yeeb los yog firebrand nyob rau hauv hluav taws yog txaus. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev tsis saib xyuas zoo li no, cov nyom qhuav tam sim ntawd hlawv, thiab cov nplaim taws kis mus rau ntoo qhuav.

Kev faib tawm ntawm hav zoov kev puas tsuaj

Raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, av, av thiab lub kaus mom hluav taws yog qhov txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev puas tsuaj ntuj raug cais raws li qhov ceev ntawm kev nthuav tawm. Raws li qhov no, qhov hluav taws kub hauv av tau muab faib ua pawg hauv qab no:

1. Tsis muaj. Qhov hluav taws kub txog li 0.5 m siab npog 1 meter ntawm thaj chaw hauv ib feeb xwb.
2. Nruab nrab (qhov siab txog 1.5 m). Tshaj li 3 m/min.
3. Nyob (ntau dua 1.5m). Npog 3 meters hauv tsawg dua 3 feeb.

Thiab, qhov ceev ntawm lub kaus mom hluav taws yog:

1. Txog 3 m / min. Qhov ceev no suav hais tias tsis muaj zog.
2. 3 txog 100 m/min. Hauv qhov no, peb tham txog qhov nruab nrab ceevkev faib tawm.
3. Ntau tshaj 100 m / min. - hluav taws muaj zog.

Qhov no qhia tau hais tias hluav taws kub hnyiab tau kis ntawm qhov nrawm tshaj 100 meters hauv ib feeb. Raws li, nws qhov ntsuas yog qhov yooj yim unimaginable.

Tseem muaj hluav taws hauv av, uas kuj kis tau sai heev. Qhov no coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tob tob:

1. Tsawg tshaj 25 cm yog hluav taws tsis muaj zog.
2. 25 txog 50 cm yog nruab nrab.
3. Ntau tshaj 50 cm - belongs rau qeb muaj zog.

Tsis tas li ntawd, hluav taws raug cais raws li thaj tsam ntawm qhov hluav taws kub:

1. Ntawm 0.1 txog 2 ha yog qhov raug rau qhov hluav taws kub ib txwm.
2. Ntau txog 20 hectares qhia tias hluav taws me me.
3. 20-200 ha yog hluav taws nruab nrab.
4. Ntau txog 2000 ha yog qhov raug rau kev puas tsuaj loj.
5. Ntau tshaj 2000 hectares twb muaj kev puas tsuaj.

Yog hais tias peb tham txog lub sij hawm ntawm kev puas tsuaj, ces thaum lub sij hawm lub crown hluav taws kub ib ncig ntawm 10-15 hnub (nyob ntawm seb qhov hluav taws kub). Lub sijhawm no, ntau tshaj 500 hectares tuaj yeem hlawv tawm. Cia wb mus saib txhua yam hluav taws.

Rib tua hluav taws

Txhua qhov hluav taws kub yog qhov txaus ntshai heev rau cov tsiaj qus, tsiaj txhu, noog thiab, ntawm chav kawm, rau tib neeg. Feem ntau, cov nplaim taws mus txog me me greyings nyob ze ntawm hav zoov. Yog li ntawd, qhov hluav taws kub ceev npog lub tsev. Yog li ntawd, yog tias muaj huab cua txawv txawv tshwm nyob rau saum ntuj, muaj qhov tsw tsw ntawm qhov kub hnyiab, ces koj yuav tsum hu rau Ministry of Emergency Situation.

Neeghluav taws cuam tshuam rau hav zoov canopy. Feem ntau, hom hluav taws kub no tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim cov nplaim taws tsawg. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov hluav taws kub hauv av yog ib feem ntawm sab saum toj.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm hluav taws, uas yog saum npoo av, yog yooj yim los ntawm ntuj tsim. Piv txwv li, cua daj cua dub thiab qhov chaw siab tshaj tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws kub hnyiab tau sai. Feem ntau, qhov hluav taws kub tshwm sim thaum lub caij ntuj sov, thaum huab cua qhuav thiab kub kub.

Hauv qhov hluav taws kub no, ntoo feem ntau tuag tag. Yog hais tias peb tham txog qhov xwm ntawm combustion, ces ib tug txawj ntse thiab ruaj khov crown hluav taws yog txawv. Hom tom kawg yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo kub hnyiab tawm maj mam, raws li cov av hluav taws tsim. Hauv qhov no, cov nplaim hluav taws tsis txav mus raws lub canopy. Cov hluav taws kub zoo li no feem ntau hu ua hluav taws kub. Yog tias peb tham txog qhov hluav taws kub nyhiab, ces qhov no qhov hluav taws kub, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, kis tau raws lub canopy thiab tuaj yeem tawm tsam qhov kev txav ntawm hluav taws hauv av. Tsis tas li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov nplaim taws tau pom, thaum lub sijhawm hluav taws tuaj yeem tsoo thaj chaw ntawm qhov nrawm dua.

Raws li tau hais dhau los, lub kaus mom thiab cov hluav taws hauv av yuav luag ib qho. Yog li ntawd, nws tsim nyog hais ob peb lo lus txog hom thib ob.

Ignition in the qis tiers

Hauv av hluav taws, hluav taws txav mus rau hauv qab txheej. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nyom, undergrowth, thiab undergrowth teeb. Qhov hluav taws kub hauv av feem ntau txav mus rau hauv ib lub voj voog, ua ib qho contour ntawm cov nplaim taws loj hauv av. Qhov tshwm sim yog ntug.

Yog tias peb tham txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm hluav taws, ces qhov hluav taws kub hauv qab tuaj yeem ua tau zoo lossis ruaj khov. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, ntug ntawm qhov hluav taws kub txav ceev heev ntawm ntau tshaj 0.5 m / min. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog cov av npog hlawv tawm. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog qhov hluav taws kub hauv av ruaj khov, ces qhov no qhov ceev ntawm Circuit Court yog qis dua. Raws li, tsis tsuas yog lub hauv paus txheej kub hnyiab tawm, tab sis kuj rotten stumps thiab deadwood. Thaum muaj qhov no tshwm sim muaj pa taws heev.

Cov hluav taws kub hauv av cuam tshuam rau cov cag ntoo. Lawv tsis muaj nplaim taws. Cov av hluav taws kub hnyiab tau tob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb thiab tuaj yeem txav mus rau qhov nrawm txog li 1 km ib teev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, xws li hluav taws kub yog suav tias yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws, vim lawv nyuaj heev rau kev tua. Qhov hluav taws kub hauv av ua rau hluav taws hauv av, uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov nplaim taws sab saum toj.

Kev ua ub ua no

Kev tua hluav taws, siv ntau yam khoom siv: nyoob hoom qav taub thiab dav hlau. Ua tsaug rau cov dej ntws ntawm cov kua dej tua hluav taws, cov hluav taws kub tuaj yeem nyob hauv zos sai heev. Txhawm rau txiav txim qhov hluav taws kub, thaj chaw raug tshuaj xyuas.

Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum, kev sib tsoo (rov qab) raug tsim. Nws hlawv cov hluav taws tua hluav taws txawm tias ua ntej lawv tuaj txog. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, ib qho kev poob siab yog siv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, qhov tawg yog ua rau pem hauv ntej ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, uas pib lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag pom. Qhov no yuav txwv tsis pub kis ntawmCov nplaim taws thiab ua kom tua hluav taws hauv cov txheej txheem.

ntsuas kev tiv thaiv

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov kws tshaj lij sim kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm hluav taws kub hauv ib cheeb tsam, raws li huab cua thiab cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm thaj chaw. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub hav zoov hluav taws coefficient yog xam.

Yuav kom txo tau hav zoov poob, ntau lub koom haum tau ntsuas. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev tua hluav taws thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm yog ua tiav. Sanitary deforestation kuj ua. Hauv qhov no, tag nrho cov ntoo qub thiab qhuav raug rhuav tshem. Hav zoov txoj siv sia kuj raug txiav, uas yog qhov txaus ntshai nyob ze rau thaj chaw. Cov kwj deg tshwj xeeb tau muab tso rau ntawm txoj kab ntawm hav zoov, uas, thaum muaj hluav taws, yuav tsis cia hluav taws hla mus ntxiv.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hluav taws hauv hav zoov tau saib xyuas ib ntus, kev soj ntsuam tshwj xeeb masts thiab cov yees raug teeb tsa. Ua tsaug rau kev soj ntsuam hauv av, feem ntau tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib qho xwm txheej.