Mechanization ntawm lub dav hlau tis: piav qhia, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab khoom siv
Mechanization ntawm lub dav hlau tis: piav qhia, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab khoom siv

Video: Mechanization ntawm lub dav hlau tis: piav qhia, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab khoom siv

Video: Mechanization ntawm lub dav hlau tis: piav qhia, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab khoom siv
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Cov neeg uas ya saum lub dav hlau thiab tau saib xyuas lub tis ntawm ib tug noog hlau, thaum nws zaum los yog tawm mus, tej zaum pom tias qhov no pib hloov, cov ntsiab lus tshiab tshwm sim, thiab lub tis nws tus kheej yuav dav dua. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua tis mechanization.

cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

Tib neeg ib txwm xav tsav sai, ya sai, thiab lwm yam. Thiab, feem ntau, nrog lub dav hlau nws ua haujlwm zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, thaum lub cuab yeej twb ya, nws loj hlob ceev heev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau qhia meej ntawm no tias qhov siab ntawm kev ceev tsuas yog siv tau thaum lub davhlau ncaj qha. Thaum lub sij hawm takeoff los yog tsaws, qhov opposite yog muaj tseeb. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov qauv nqa mus rau saum ntuj lossis, hloov pauv, tsaws nws, kev kub ceev tsis xav tau. Muaj ntau ntau qhov laj thawj rau qhov no, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb yog tias koj yuav xav tau txoj kev khiav loj kom nrawm.

Qhov laj thawj thib ob yog lub zog tensile ntawm lub dav hlau tsaws iav, uas yuav dhau mus yog tias tshem tawm ntawm txoj kev no. Uas yog, thaum kawg nws hloov tawm hais tias rau high-ceev flights ib hom tis yog xav tau, thiab rau tsaws thiab takeoff - ib tug sib txawv kiag li. Yuav ua li cas rau qhov xwm txheej zoo li no? Yuav ua li castsim ob khub ntawm tis sib txawv hauv kev tsim rau tib lub dav hlau? Lo lus teb tsis yog. Nws yog qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb uas ua rau tib neeg mus rau qhov kev tsim kho tshiab, uas yog hu ua kev siv tshuab ntawm tis.

wing tshuab
wing tshuab

Lub kaum ntse ntse

Yuav piav qhia txog kev siv tshuab ua haujlwm li cas, nws yuav tsum tau kawm ib qho me me ntxiv, uas yog hu ua lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev tawm tsam. Cov yam ntxwv no muaj kev sib raug zoo tshaj plaws nrog kev ceev uas lub dav hlau muaj peev xwm tsim tau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab qhov no tias hauv kev ya davhlau, yuav luag txhua lub tis yog nyob ntawm lub kaum sab xis nrog rau kev ntws los. Qhov ntsuas no hu ua lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev tawm tsam.

Cia peb xav tias txhawm rau ya ntawm qhov nrawm thiab tib lub sijhawm tswj nqa, txhawm rau kom tsis txhob poob, koj yuav tsum tau nce lub kaum sab xis, uas yog, nqa lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub dav hlau nce, raws li yog. ua tiav ntawm takeoff. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub meej ntawm no tias muaj cov cim tseem ceeb, tom qab hla qhov dej ntws yuav tsis tuaj yeem nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov qauv thiab yuav tawg ntawm nws. Hauv kev tsav tsheb, qhov no yog hu ua kev sib cais ntawm tus ciam txheej.

aircraft tis mechanization
aircraft tis mechanization

txheej no yog hu ua huab cua ntws, uas yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog lub tis ntawm lub dav hlau thiab yog li tsim aerodynamic rog. Nrog rau tag nrho cov no nyob rau hauv lub siab, qhov yuav tsum tau yog tsim - lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug loj lifting hwj chim ntawm tsawg ceev thiab tswj lub yuav tsum tau lub kaum sab xis ntawm nres nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ya nyob rau hauv kev kub ceev. Nws yog ob qhov zoo uas ua ke nrog kev siv tshuab ntawm lub dav hlau tis.

Kev hloov kho dua tshiab

Kho kom txhim khotakeoff thiab landing yam ntxwv, raws li zoo raws li kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov neeg coob coob thiab cov neeg caij tsheb, nws yog tsim nyog los txo qhov ceev ntawm takeoff thiab tsaws mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws. Nws yog lub xub ntiag ntawm ob yam uas ua rau lub fact tias cov designers ntawm lub tis profile pib mus rau lub creation ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov sib txawv pab kiag li lawm uas yog nyob rau hauv ncaj qha rau ntawm lub tis ntawm lub aircraft. Ib txheej ntawm cov cuab yeej tswj tshwj xeeb no tau hu ua tis mechanization hauv kev lag luam dav hlau.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv tshuab

Siv cov tis zoo li no, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev nce siab ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub zog nqa ntawm lub cuab yeej. Ib qho kev nce ntxiv hauv qhov ntsuas no ua rau lub fact tias lub mileage ntawm lub dav hlau thaum lub sij hawm tsaws nyob rau hauv lub runway yog heev txo, thiab qhov ceev uas nws tsaws los yog yuav siv sij hawm tawm kuj txo. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv tshuab ntawm tis kuj yog tias nws tau txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg thiab nce kev tswj hwm ntawm cov dav hlau loj xws li lub dav hlau. Qhov no tau pom tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub dav hlau tau txais lub kaum ntse ntse ntawm kev tawm tsam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias qhov kev txo qis hauv qhov nrawm ntawm kev tsaws thiab kev tawm mus tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov haujlwm no, tab sis kuj txo tus nqi ntawm lub tsev khiav, txij li nws tau los txo lawv qhov ntev.

wing mechanization tu 154
wing mechanization tu 154

Lub ntsiab ntawm kev siv tshuab

Yog li, hais lus dav dav, kev siv tshuab ntawm lub tis coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias qhov kev tshem tawm thiab tsaws ntawm lub dav hlau tau txhim kho tau zoo. Cov txiaj ntsig no tau ua tiav los ntawm kev nce qhov siab tshaj plaws nqa coefficient.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nwstxheej txheem lus dag nyob rau hauv lub fact tias tshwj xeeb pab kiag li lawm yog ntxiv uas ua rau kom lub curvature ntawm lub tis profile ntawm lub apparatus. Qee qhov xwm txheej, nws kuj hloov tawm tias tsis yog qhov curvature nce xwb, tab sis kuj yog thaj chaw ncaj qha ntawm cov khoom ntawm lub dav hlau no. Vim qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov ntsuas no, cov qauv ntws kuj hloov tag nrho. Cov yam tseem ceeb no yog qhov txiav txim siab hauv kev nce tus nqi nqa khoom.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev tsim lub tis mechanization yog ua raws li txoj hauv kev uas tag nrho cov ntsiab lus no tswj tau hauv kev ya davhlau. Lub nuance nyob rau hauv lub fact tias nyob rau hauv ib tug me me kaum sab xis ntawm nres, uas yog, thaum ya twb nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntawm kev kub ceev, lawv yeej tsis siv. Lawv lub peev xwm tag nrho yog qhia meej meej thaum tsaws lossis tawm mus. Tam sim no, muaj ntau hom kev siv tshuab.

lub hom phiaj ntawm tis mechanization
lub hom phiaj ntawm tis mechanization

Shield

Cov ntaub thaiv npog yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau thiab qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm tis, uas ua haujlwm tau zoo nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev nqa cov coefficient. Nyob rau hauv lub tis mechanization tswvyim, lub caij no yog ib tug deviating nto. Thaum thim rov qab, lub caij no yuav luag ze ze rau sab qis thiab sab nraub qaum ntawm lub dav hlau. Thaum qhov no yog deflected, lub siab tshaj plaws nqa quab yuam ntawm lub tsheb nce, vim hais tias lub zoo kaum sab xis ntawm kev tawm tsam hloov, nrog rau cov concavity los yog curvature ntawm lub profile.

Txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom no, nws tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem kom thaum nws deviates, nws hloov rov qab thiab tib lub sijhawm mus rau ntawm ntug. Raws nraim li notxoj kev yuav muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev nqus ntawm ciam txheej los ntawm sab sauv ntawm lub tis. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ua tau zoo ntev ntawm thaj chaw siab siab hauv qab lub dav hlau tis nce.

aircraft tis mechanization tsim
aircraft tis mechanization tsim

Tsim thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv tshuab ntawm lub dav hlau tis nrog slats

Ntawm no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tam sim ntawd tias lub slat ruaj khov tsuas yog ntsia rau ntawm cov qauv dav hlau uas tsis muaj kev kub ceev. Qhov no yog vim hais tias hom kev tsim no ua rau kom muaj zog ntau ntxiv, uas txo qis lub peev xwm ntawm lub dav hlau mus txog qhov siab ceev.

Txawm li cas los xij, lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub ntsiab lus no yog tias nws muaj xws li cov ntiv taw deflected. Nws yog siv rau cov hom tis uas yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm ib tug nyias profile, raws li zoo raws li ib tug ntse ua ntug. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov thom khwm no yog los tiv thaiv qhov ntws los ntawm kev tawg ntawm lub kaum sab xis siab ntawm kev tawm tsam. Txij li thaum lub kaum sab xis tuaj yeem hloov pauv tas li thaum lub davhlau, lub qhov ntswg yog ua tiav tswj tau thiab kho tau kom nyob rau hauv txhua qhov teeb meem nws muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau ib txoj hauj lwm uas yuav ua kom cov ntws ntawm lub tis. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau nce-rau-drag piv.

Mechanization wing flaps scheme
Mechanization wing flaps scheme

Flaps

Cov txheej txheem tis-flaps mechanization yog ib qho qub tshaj plaws, vim tias cov ntsiab lus no yog thawj zaug siv. Qhov chaw ntawm lub caij no yeej ib txwm zoo ib yam, lawv nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm lub tis. Cov kev txav uas lawv ua yog ib txwm muajtib yam, lawv ib txwm poob ncaj. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem txav rov qab me ntsis. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov ntsiab lus yooj yim no hauv kev xyaum ua pov thawj tau zoo heev. Nws pab lub dav hlau tsis yog tsuas yog thaum tawm los lossis tsaws, tab sis kuj thaum ua lwm yam kev sim ua haujlwm.

hom khoom no yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm seb hom dav hlau uas nws siv. Mechanization ntawm tis ntawm TU-154, uas yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau hom dav hlau, kuj muaj cov cuab yeej yooj yim no. Qee lub dav hlau yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv cov flaps tau muab faib ua ob peb qhov kev ywj pheej, thiab rau qee qhov nws yog ib qho txuas txuas ntxiv.

Ailerons and spoilers

Ntxiv rau cov ntsiab lus uas tau piav qhia lawm, kuj tseem muaj cov uas tuaj yeem faib ua theem nrab. Lub tis mechanization system suav nrog cov ntsiab lus me xws li ailerons. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom no yog ua los ntawm kev sib txawv. Cov qauv siv feem ntau yog xws li ntawm ib lub tis lub ailerons raug coj mus rau saum, thiab ntawm qhov thib ob lawv raug coj mus rau hauv qab. Ntxiv rau lawv, kuj muaj cov khoom xws li flaperons. Raws li lawv cov yam ntxwv, lawv zoo ib yam li flaps, cov khoom no tuaj yeem sib txawv tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv, tab sis kuj nyob rau tib qho kev taw qhia.

Spoilers kuj yog cov ntsiab lus ntxiv. Qhov no yog tiaj tus thiab nyob rau saum npoo ntawm tis. Deflection, los yog es sawv, ntawm tus spoiler yog nqa ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub kwj. Vim li no, muaj kev nce hauv dej deceleration, vim tias qhov siab ntawm qhov saum npoo nce. Qhov no ua rau txo qislub zog nqa ntawm ib tug muab tis. Cov ntsiab lus tis no qee zaum kuj hu ua aircraft nqa tswj.

tis mechanization tswvyim
tis mechanization tswvyim

Nws tsim nyog hais tias qhov no yog ib qho kev piav qhia luv luv ntawm txhua yam qauv ntawm lub dav hlau tis tshuab. Qhov tseeb, muaj ntau ntau cov ntsiab lus me me siv nyob rau ntawd, cov ntsiab lus uas tso cai rau cov neeg tsav dav hlau los tswj tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsaws, tshem tawm, davhlau nws tus kheej, thiab lwm yam.

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