Cov ntaub tsis muaj dej: ntau hom thiab kev faib tawm ntawm cov ntaub

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Tsis muaj leej twg xav tsis thoob los ntawm cov dej tsis zoo niaj hnub no: cov tuam ntxhab siv cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis los muab lawv cov khaub ncaws zoo uas lawv tsis tuaj yeem npau suav ua ntej. Tab sis nws tau pib li cas? Cov ntaub tsis muaj dej tuaj qhov twg los thiab lawv tau mus txog lawv qhov kev nyiam tam sim no li cas?

Keeb kwm me ntsis: Mr. McIntosh qhov kev paub

Cov khaub ncaws tsis muaj dej tiv thaiv nws cov tsos thiab tom qab muaj koob meej rau tus kws tshawb fawb Askiv Charles Mackintosh. Zoo li ntau tus kws tshawb fawb nto moo, nws tau tswj xyuas qhov kev tshawb pom los ntawm kev sib tsoo. Nws tsis xav tsis thoob yuav ua li cas kom cov ntaub tsis muaj dej, tab sis tsuas yog yuam kev dipped lub tes tsho ntawm nws lub tsho rau hauv lub thawv roj hmab thaum lub sij hawm sim.

Tom qab ib ntus, McIntosh tau sau tseg tias lub tsho uas muaj kev ntxhov siab zoo li no tsis tau qiv nws tus kheej kom ya raws thiab tau txais cov khoom tiv thaiv dej. Qhov teeb meem nkaus xwb yog cov roj hmab nplaum heev, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj dej los ua ib yam li nplaum. Tus kws tshuaj xav txog nws thiab nrhiav tau ib txoj hauv kev tawm: nws siv ob txheej ntawm cov teeb meem, thiab roj hmab yaj hauv dej ua raws li cov txheej txheem dej.kerosene.

Qhov tshwm sim txaus siab rau Mr. Mackintosh, thiab tus kws tshuaj tshuaj los ntawm Scotland tau txais patent rau nws qhov kev tsim.

Cov ntaub tsis muaj dej tau txais txiaj ntsig

Cov ntaub ntawv tau cog lus tias yuav ua kom tawg, thiab nws tus tsim muab qhov teeb meem rau hauv kwj: thawj lub lag luam tau qhib hauv lub nroog Glasgow, qhov twg cov khaub ncaws yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub tsis muaj dej. Tab sis qhov kev cia siab tias kev vam meej tsis ua raws li: qhov muaj zog tsis hnov tsw ntawm kerosene, uas dhau los ua ib qho kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, yuav tsum liam.

Tsuas yog cov neeg tsav nkoj tsis ntshai ntawm qhov tsis hnov tsw tsw, thiab lawv tau dhau los ua cov neeg yuav khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub tuam txhab tshiab minted. Cov ntaub tsis muaj dej uas cov neeg tsav nkoj cov khaub ncaws xaws tau cawm lawv ntawm cua daj cua dub thiab tawg, tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus lub hnub ci ci thiab pib yaj.

Kev lag luam, uas pib cog lus tias yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig loj, tau poob qis.

Macintosh thiab vulcanization

Rubberized fabrics yuav tau nyob hauv keeb kwm yog tias tsis yog rau lwm qhov kev tshawb pom. Nyob rau hauv lub forties, cov txheej txheem ntawm vulcanizing roj hmab tau pom: ua tsaug rau ib tug innovation, nws muaj peev xwm kom tau ib tug ntaub uas tiv taus kub thiab tsis exude unpleasant tsw.

Tab sis tus sau qhov kev tshawb pom, Charles Goodyear, tsis xav qhia cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis thiab khaws cia rau hauv kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws.

Mackintosh thiab nws tus khub, Thomas Hancock, tau siv sijhawm ob xyoos tsis tu ncua sim, thiab lawv tau txais kev vam meej: cov txheej txheem ntawm cov roj hmab vulcanizing tau dhau los rau lawv.

Tom qab no, lub xeev ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm Macintosh thiab Hancock hloov pauv ntau, thiab cov ntaub rubberized yog qhov xav tau thiab muaj koob meej.

Hnub no, ntau tus yuav tsis paub tias cov ntaub thaiv dej hu ua dab tsi thiab tshwm sim xyoo twg, tab sis yuav luag txhua tus paub tias mac yog lub tsho tiv thaiv dej tsis muaj dej.

Nyob zoo li cas hnub no

Kev lag luam ntawm British chemists ciaj sia thiab zoo: cov ntaub tsis muaj dej yog nyob rau hauv kev xav tau thiab muaj koob meej.

Feem ntau lawv tau siv los tsim cov khaub ncaws tshwj xeeb: rau cov neeg yos hav zoov, cov neeg nuv ntses, cov neeg ncig tebchaws thiab cov neeg ncaws pob.

Cov tuam txhab loj ntawm cov khaub ncaws rau kev ua kis las thiab kev ua si sab nraum zoov muaj tag nrho cov chaw tshawb fawb uas txhua xyoo nthuav tawm cov khoom tshiab thiab kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis. Thermal rwb thaiv tsev, ya raws wicking, huab cua kub tsis kam, hnyav hnav tsis kam - tag nrho cov zoo yog muaj los ntawm waterproof ntaub. Lub npe ntawm txhua daim ntawv luam tshiab ntawm cov ntaub tau txais nws tus kheej, nyob ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas nws muaj.

Hom thiab nta ntawm cov ntaub tsis muaj dej

Cov tuam txhab niaj hnub tuaj yeem muab cov kev xaiv loj ntawm cov ntaub tsis muaj dej tsis zoo nrog cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov npe. Tab sis lawv qhia cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam.

• High ceev. Qhov no ua rau lub fact tias xws li ntaub tsis muaj elasticity. Nws tsis raug rau stretching thiab shrinkage. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ceev muab qhov kev ntxhib los mos thiab tsis muaj friability.
• kab pheeb ces kaum, lossis twill,xaws. Yog tias koj ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas ntau yam ntaub ntawv tsis muaj dej tsis zoo, koj tuaj yeem pom meej cov qauv hauv daim ntawv ntawm kab pheeb ces kaum ntawm lawv. Qhov no yog dab tsi twill weave yog: tshwj xeeb weave ntawm threads nyob rau hauv cov ntaub tsub kom lub nto nro nyob rau hauv cov dej tee dej, thiaj li hais tias nws yuav tsis nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub. Cov tav no muab cov dej-repellent cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub tsis muaj tshwj xeeb impregnation thiab ua.
• Practical. Hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv, kev sib xyaw ntawm ntuj thiab hluavtaws xov yog siv. Lawv zoo kawg nkaus nqus txhua hom xim, tsis txhob zaum thiab hnav rau lub sijhawm ntev. Qhov no ua rau cov ntaub tsis muaj dej tsis muaj dej ntau dua.

Ntawm cov niaj hnub nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub npog dej yog cov hauv qab no:

1. Taslan. Nws nta kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov xov nyias thiab tuab, uas tau sib txuas hauv txoj kev tshwj xeeb.
2. Jordan. Cov ntaub dej tsis zoo no yog mos heev rau qhov kov thiab muaj qhov txawv txav.
3. Oxford. Qhov nruj tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv dav siv dej tsis zoo. Cov khoom no yog qhov txawv ntawm cov kab pheeb suab zoo nkauj.
4. Duspo. Nws qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog matte nto uas tsis muaj cov cim ntawm gloss. Cov khoom muaj qee qhov silkiness.

Yuav sewn los ntawm nws

Nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab hom ntaub, nws pom nws daim ntawv thov. Waterproof fabrics nrog lub hauv paus hluavtaws yog dav siv rau xaws zuag qhia tag nrho rau cov neeg nuv ntses thiab cov neeg ncig teb chaw, tiv thaiv aprons thiab capes rau hairdressers, thiab.rau kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam kev tshaj tawm cov khoom (stretch marks, banners).

Ntxiv rau, cov ntaub tuab tuab tuaj yeem pom tau zoo li rooj tog zaum, khoom siv rau lub kaus thiab lub hnab, lub hauv paus rau cov khoom siv rau da dej thiab pas dej ua ke.

Yog tias cov khoom siv dej tsis muaj dej muaj lub hauv paus, nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev: ntaub pua rooj, npog rau rooj tog thiab khaub ncaws, curtains, hammocks.

Thaum xaiv cov khaub ncaws kis las, yuav luag txhua lub khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb koj tuaj yeem pom ntau cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj dej tsis zoo rau txhua tus saj.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa phooj ywg sawv daws.

Cov av me yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshem tawm nrog daim txhuam cev thiab dej xab npum.

Cov ntaub tsis muaj dej tuaj yeem ntxuav hauv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, suav nrog txhua qhov chaw tsim khoom cov lus pom zoo. Feem ntau qhov no yog ntxuav ntawm qhov kub qis - 30-40 degrees, nrog rau lub voj voog maj mam.

Koj tuaj yeem ua cov khaub ncaws zoo li no: qhov siab dua qhov feem pua ntawm cov xov ntuj hauv cov ntaub tsis muaj dej, qhov kub ntawm cov hlau yuav siv tau ntau dua.

Nws tsis pom zoo kom ntxuav khaub ncaws ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntub dej ntau dhau, nws tuaj yeem poob nws cov khoom yooj yim sai sai. Kev siv tshuaj dawb kuj tseem muaj contraindicated kiag li - nws yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau txhua hom ntaub tsis muaj dej.

Tus tsim ntawm cov ntaub tsis muaj dej tsuas yog npau suav ntawm qhov kev vam meej: niaj hnub no cov khoom no tuaj yeem pom hauv txhua lub tsev. Kev saib xyuas kom raug thiab tuav yuav ua kom ntevkev khiav hauj lwm ntawm cov khoom, thiab lawv yuav cawm tau lawv tus tswv los nag thiab cua rau ntau tshaj ib xyoos.