Hluav taws xob locomotive 2ES6: keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim, kev piav qhia nrog cov duab, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov yam ntxwv ntawm k

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-02 13:55

Hnub no, kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov nroog sib txawv, kev thauj neeg caij tsheb, kev xa khoom yog nqa tawm ntau txoj hauv kev. Ib txoj hauv kev no yog txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Lub 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotive yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv kev thauj mus los uas tam sim no nquag siv.

Kev piav qhia dav dav thiab tsim cov tshuab thawj zaug

Los ntawm lub npe nws paub meej tias lub tsheb ciav hlau no tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab uas muaj qhov ncaj qha tam sim no. Raws li kev tsim khoom ntawm kev thauj mus los no, nws tau tsim thiab sib sau ua ke ntawm Ural Railway Engineering Plant. Qhov chaw ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom - lub nroog Verkhnyaya Pyshma. Lub npe tag nrho ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog 2ES6 "Sinara". Lub npe "Sinara" los ntawm cov tswv ntawm lub tuam txhab, uas yog CJSC thiab hu ua "Sinara Group".

Yog peb tham txog keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim, nws pib xyoo 2006. Tom qab thawj tus qauv ua tiav tag nrho cov kev ntsuam xyuas, thawj 8 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotives tau tsim, thiab nyob rau hauv xyoo ntawd ib daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe nrog. Chaw tsim tshuaj paus thiab Lavxias Railways. Thawj xyoo tsim rau cov locomotives yog 2008, thaum lub sij hawm uas 10 ntau lub tsheb tau tsim. Xyoo tom ntej, cov khoom ntim tau nce ntxiv thiab lwm 16 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotives raug xa mus rau Lavxias txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej, cov ntim tau nce tsis tu ncua thiab sai sai mus txog 100 locomotives ib xyoos twg. Kev nce hauv kev nrawm ntawm kev siv tshuab engineering txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 2016.

Tom qab ntawd, kev tsim khoom tau ruaj khov thiab kev tsim kho tau txo qis. Los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm 2017, piv txwv li, tag nrho ntawm 704 qauv ntawm 2ES6 Sinara hluav taws xob locomotive tau tsim los ntawm lub Hoobkas.

Kev piav qhia ntawm tus qauv locomotive, kev ntsuas dav dav

Tus qauv locomotive tshiab muaj ob ntu zoo ib yam. Lawv tau ua ke los ntawm ob sab, thiab tseem muaj kev sib hloov pauv. Raws li kev tswj hwm, nws tsuas yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib lub cabin, thiab cov seem lawv tus kheej tuaj yeem sib cais. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev sib txuas, txhua ntu ntawm 2ES6 "Sinara" hluav taws xob locomotive dhau los ua ib feem ntawm kev ywj pheej.

Dhau li ntawd, nws tseem tuaj yeem txuas ob lub locomotives. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lawv tsim ib tug plaub-section locomotive. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog txhua yam. Nws yog qhov ua tau kom ntxiv ib qho rau ob ntu kev thauj mus los kom tau txais kev thauj peb ntu. Tag nrho cov kev xaiv no tau koom ua ke los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, kev tswj yuav raug coj los ntawm ib lub cabin.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias thaum siv txhua ntu ua ib qho kev ywj pheej, cov tshuab tshuab feem ntau muaj teeb meem,cuam tshuam nrog kev pom tau tsawg.

Raws li cov kev ntsuas dav dav, lawv muaj raws li hauv qab no:

• qhov nrawm ntawm 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotive, daim duab uas yuav nthuav tawm, yog 120 km / h;
• tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm lub tsheb yog 34 meters;
• kev ua haujlwm yog ua tiav ntawm hom tam sim no, nrog rau ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm 3 kV;
• axial formula of electric locomotive 2 (2₀-2_0);
• teev lub zog ntawm TED yog 6440 kW;
• load per rail 25 TS.

Qhov zoo, qhov tsis zoo, qauv

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom no muaj ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo dua lwm cov qauv ntawm VL hom hluav taws xob locomotive. Qhov no ntxiv rau qhov tseeb tias thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotive, daim duab uas tau nthuav tawm, tau txais kev ywj pheej traction excitation. Qhov no ua rau qhov tseeb tias locomotive's traction tswj zog nce. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm braking, microprocessor thev naus laus zis ntawm hluav taws xob locomotive tswj qhov voltage. Ib qho me me ntawm cov xuab zeb pov rau ntawm txoj hlua ua kom braking zoo dua.

Lub 2ES6 muaj 3 theem ntawm nres rheostat, raws li nyob rau hauv nws ua ntej. Qhov kev tsim no tso cai rau braking heev smoothly, tsis muaj tam sim no voltage surges. Raws li lwm qhov me me ntxiv, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem raug sau tseg - kev ywj pheej excitation tau tsim. Qhov no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pib lub cev muaj zog rheostat. Cov yam ntxwv no tso cai rau koj kom tshem tau lub zog tam sim ntawd thaum lub sijhawm nceceev.

Raws li kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotive thiab nws qhov tsis txaus, feem ntau cov no yog 2 yam hauv qab no:

• nquag burnouts ntawm TED thauj tog rau nkoj;
• fais fab contactors thiab lub tshuab pabcuam feem ntau ua tsis tiav.

Thiab paub dab tsi txog nws tus qauv? Nws yog tsim nyog pib nrog lub cab cab, uas yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug hlau qauv. TED ncua kev kawm ntawv yog nqa tawm nrog kev pab los ntawm lub cev muaj zog-axial dov bearings. Raws li rau lub traction quab yuam exerted los ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob locomotive ntawm cov ntsia hlau, nws yog sib npaug zos rau 25 TS, uas yog xam tau tias yog ib txwm thiab feem ntau txais cov cim qhia rau ib tug locomotive ntawm xws hwj chim.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib txuas

Lub 2ES6 series hluav taws xob thauj khoom thauj khoom nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob traction yog tsim los siv rau hauv kev thauj khoom thauj ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ntawm Lavxias Railways JSC nrog lub ntsuas ntawm 1520 hli. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab yuav tsum tau hluav taws xob rau qhov hluav taws xob ncaj qha, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ua haujlwm yuav tsum yog 3000 V hauv huab cua sov.

Yog tias peb tham txog kev tsim ob ntu, ces peb txhais tau tias muaj ob lub taub hau. Kev tswj ntawm 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotive, raws li txoj cai kev khiav hauj lwm, tuaj yeem muab los ntawm txhua lub tsheb tavxij. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua tus ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau nruab nrog txhua yam tsim nyog kom tswj tau.

Ob ntu tsim nrog thaj chaw txhawb nqa txhais tau tias muaj ob lub taub hau thiab ib qho kev txhawb nqa, thiab nrog rau kev hloov pauv ntawm ib ntu mus rau lwm qhov xwbdhau ntawm qhov chaw txhawb zog.

Yog lub locomotive ua ke rau hauv peb ntu lossis plaub ntu, ces qhov kev txav hauv lub cev ntawm lub taub hau mus rau tus Tsov tus tw yuav ua tsis tau.

Ntau yam kev ntsuas tsis tau

Nyob rau hauv txoj cai kev khiav hauj lwm muaj qhov tseeb qhov tseem ceeb rau tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub locomotive no. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv tau qhia rau ob ntu, thiab rau peb ntu, thiab plaub ntu. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tau muab hauv qab no:

1. Cov khoom tam sim no ntawm 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotive yog tsim los rau qhov ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm 3 kV.
2. Qhov ntsuas rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau yuav tsum yog 1520 hli.
3. Cov qauv axial, uas tau teev ua ntej rau ob ntu, yuav nyob zoo ib yam txawm tias muaj peb ntu lossis plaub ntu ua tiav. Tsuas yog thawj coefficient yuav hloov los ntawm 3 lossis 4 raws.
4. Lub tsheb thauj khoom los ntawm lub log tsheb ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau hauv ib qho twg yuav yog kwv yees li 245 kN nrog qhov yuam kev ntawm 4.9 kN nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si.
5. Lub locomotive iav piv yog 3.44.
6. Kev pabcuam hnyav ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog 0.7 tons ntawm xuab zeb yuav yog 200 rau ob ntu thiab 300/400 rau peb- thiab plaub ntu, raws li.
7. Tom ntej no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau lub zog ntawm lub cev muaj zog traction shafts. Rau ob ntu nws yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 6440 kW, rau peb ntu - 9660 kW, rau plaub ntu - 12880 kW.
8. Kev quab yuam, ntsuas hauv kN, rau ob ntu - 464, rau peb - 696,rau plaub - 928.

Lub zog saum toj no thiab lub zog traction yog cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv ib teev. Yog tias hom kev ua haujlwm raug hloov mus tas li, ces cov kev txwv yuav ua raws li hauv qab no:

1. Power yuav yog 6000, 9000 thiab 12000 rau ob, peb thiab plaub ntu raws.
2. Txoj kev quab yuam yuav yog 418, 627, 836 kN rau ntu.

Tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov khoom lag luam dov ntawm 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotive tuaj yeem pom hauv online yooj yim. Nws teev tag nrho cov depots thiab railways uas ib lub tsheb ciav hlau ua haujlwm.

Kev tsim khoom thiab teeb tsa cov cuab yeej

Raws li kev tsim hluav taws xob locomotive nws tus kheej, nrog rau tag nrho nws cov khoom siv, nws dhau los ntawm kev nyab xeeb version "U", uas txhais tau tias - huab cua sov. Tsis tas li ntawd locomotive thiab cov khoom muab tso rau pawg - 1, 2, 3.

Txhua yam khoom siv uas yuav raug ntsia sab nraum lub thawv yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus ntawm V1. Cov khoom siv mounted hauv lub cev yog ua raws li U2 txoj cai, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas qhov kub thiab txias tsis tshaj +60 degrees Celsius. Cov cuab yeej tsim tawm raws li U3 txoj cai yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub alarm, thiab qhov kub thiab txias ua haujlwm tseem yog +60 degrees Celsius. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv muaj lwm qhov kev txwv txog qhov siab tshaj plaws kev ua haujlwm siab saum hiav txwv theem, uas yog 1.3 km.

Ntawm no nws tsim nyog ntxiv cov khoom siv ua raws li kev nyab xeebU1 thiab U2, tso cai rau Frost poob thiab ces thaw.

Ntxiv mus, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias tag nrho cov khoom siv tseem ceeb los ntawm cov npe ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob 2ES6 tau muab faib ua peb pawg nyob ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab uas lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Mechanical loads muaj xws li vibration thiab shock loads. Rau lub unsprung ib feem ntawm cov units, qhov no yog M25 pawg, pawg M26 muaj xws li cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub electric locomotive bogies. Tag nrho cov khoom siv hauv lub cev locomotive belongs rau M27 qeb. Tag nrho cov pab pawg no raug lees txais raws li GOST 17516.1-90.

Daim ntawv thov ntawm 2ES6 ntawm Oktyabrskaya railway

Nyob rau xyoo 2018, 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotives tuaj txog ntawm Oktyabrskaya railway. Rau txoj kev loj no, lawv tau dhau los ua qauv tshiab. Ob ntu qauv ntawm cov locomotives tau xa tuaj ntawm no. Tom qab ua tiav traction thiab kev ntsuam xyuas lub zog, nws tau lees paub tias nws muaj peev xwm ua kom cov tsheb ciav hlau loj tuaj ntawm 40%.

Kev tshuaj xyuas txog hluav taws xob locomotive 2ES6 ntawm Oktyabrskaya railway tsuas yog qhov zoo. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias muab lawv mus rau hauv lub lag luam tau ua rau kom muaj peev xwm nce lub loj ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau hauv xws li cov lus qhia xws li Babaevo-Luzhskaya thiab Babaevo-St. Petersburg, los ntawm yav dhau los 6.5 mus rau 8 txhiab tons..

Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chaw nres tsheb tau sau tseg cov qauv tsim thiab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo, uas ua rau muaj peev xwm nce qhov loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sim ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb no tau pom tias tam sim no muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj peev xwm nce ntxiv, thaum txo cov nqi khiav haujlwm raukev saib xyuas ntawm locomotive fleet. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tau sau tseg los ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb thiab lwm tus neeg ua haujlwm yog kev txuag hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb los ntawm 7-15% piv rau cov tsheb ciav hlau dhau los.

Kev tso chaw ntawm cov cuab yeej

Qhov chaw ntawm txhua yam khoom siv yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem, vim nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nruab ntau cov khoom siv thiab tib lub sijhawm tawm qhov chaw dawb rau cov neeg ua haujlwm khiav tsheb ciav hlau. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, cov cuab yeej yog mounted nyob rau hauv cabins, high-voltage chambers, tshuab chav thiab txawm nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev. Nws tuaj yeem tso qee chav nyob hauv qab lub cev ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab hauv nws cov phab ntsa kawg.

Kev teeb tsa kom raug ntawm lub cev thiab kev tso chaw ntawm txhua yam khoom siv yuav tsum muab kev nkag mus rau cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas lossis kho 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotive. Ntxiv rau, txhua chav nyob yuav tsum tau teeb tsa raws li txhua txoj cai kev nyab xeeb thiab ua raws li kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia ntawm no tias lub cev ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm tus qauv no tau muab faib ua cov khoom hauv cov dav hlau ntsug thiab kab rov tav.

Nyob rau hauv ntsug, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv: lub thawv rau lub ru tsev thiab cov khoom siv hauv lub cev, nrog rau cov khoom siv nyob hauv qab lub cev.

Lub dav hlau kab rov tav suav nrog lub vestibule, tus neeg tsav tsheb qhov chaw, qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv thiab chav cav nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab.

UKTOL at 2ES6

UKTOL yog cov khoom sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv braking. Pneumatic nresLub kaw lus ntawm 2ES6 hluav taws xob locomotive muaj ob qhov tseem ceeb - tsis siv neeg nres thiab nres nres rau lub tsheb loj. Lub tshuab pneumatic no muab qhov ua tau ntawm kev pabcuam tsis yog braking nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj xwm txheej ceev, pib nres, nrog rau braking nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev sib cais ntawm qhov tsis tau pom dua.

Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov chaw taws teeb tswj ntawm lub nres ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob. UKTOL ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob 2ES6 yog qhov nyuaj uas muaj lub cev tswj hwm. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog nyob rau hauv lub tswj vaj huam sib luag ntawm tus tsav tsheb ntawm ib tug unified hom. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab tsuas yog txoj haujlwm ntawm txoj haujlwm yog kev tswj hwm lub tshuab pneumatic nres.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm hluav taws xob locomotive parts

Lub locomotive no muaj ntau qhov chaw uas ua lawv txoj haujlwm. Kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm txhua qhov chaw teeb tsa lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv kev txav chaw.

Pib nrog lub laub. Txhua qhov kev thauj mus los muaj xws li muaj ob lub hauv paus bogie, uas lub cev ncej so. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub laub yuav siv traction thiab braking rog. Nws nws tus kheej muaj cov welded box-section ncej.

Lub trolley muaj ib lub thav duab uas tsim los rau kev sib kis, nrog rau kev faib tawm ntxiv ntawm cov khoom ntsug.

Lub log-lub cev muaj zog tau siv thawj zaug ntawm hom hluav taws xob locomotive. Ntawm no, conical motor-axial dov bearings yog siv, nrog rau ob sab helical iav. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm lub log-lub cev muaj zog thaiv yog tias nws siv ib tug nruj vaj tse rau ob lub cev muaj zog-axial hom bearings.

Txhob thiabkho

Vim tias kev kho cov cuab yeej nyuaj no yog kev ua haujlwm hnyav thiab siv sijhawm, nws yuav luag tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm nqa nws tawm ntawm txoj kev. Vim li no, thaum nrhiav tau ib qho tsis xws luag yuav tsum tau kho, tus neeg tsav tsheb ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yuav tsum sim nqa lub tsheb ciav hlau mus rau qhov chaw nres tsheb ze tshaj plaws lossis qhov yooj yim profile ntawm nws tus kheej inertia. Qee lub sij hawm nws tshwm sim tias koj yuav tsum ua kom nres ntawm qhov nce. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws raug pom zoo kom khaws lub tsheb ciav hlau compressed, thiab tsis txhob tso lub brakes kom txog thaum hluav taws xob locomotive pib txav.

Tom qab tag nrho cov kev ua no, tus neeg tsav tsheb yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab qhia rau tus neeg xa xov xwm txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev puas tsuaj, muaj peev xwm nqa tawm thiab kwv yees lub sijhawm kho, yog tias ua tau. Tom qab ntawd, tus neeg xa khoom yuav tsum tso cai rau kev kho lossis xa ib lub tsheb thauj mus los ntxiv.

Qee zaum muaj xwm txheej thaum nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau los kho lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, tib txoj kev daws teeb meem yuav yog los sib sau ua ke ib qho xwm txheej kub ntxhov, uas tau muab rau hauv cov cai ua haujlwm. Yog hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem txav mus deb vim muaj txoj kab nqes loj, yuav tsum tau hu xov tooj tam sim ntawd.