Cov khoom siv pabcuam: hom, kev ua haujlwm, suav
Cov khoom siv pabcuam: hom, kev ua haujlwm, suav

Video: Cov khoom siv pabcuam: hom, kev ua haujlwm, suav

Video: Cov khoom siv pabcuam: hom, kev ua haujlwm, suav
Video: YWJ KOJ SIAB Official music video by: Dang Thao 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Yog tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb tsis tuaj yeem tsim tsev, tsim txoj kev, tsim choj. Tag nrho cov cuab yeej siv los ntawm ib tus neeg los pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv tau muab faib ua ob pawg loj. Ua ntej, cov no yog cov cuab yeej pheej yig uas yooj yim hauv kev tsim, thiab qhov thib ob, cov cuab yeej siv nws tus kheej, uas tuaj yeem ua qhov tseem ceeb thiab pab. Cov cuab yeej tom kawg yog siv yuav luag dav li thawj zaug. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav hais meej meej nrog cov khoom siv ntxiv yog dab tsi.

Muaj peev xwm siv tau

Hom khoom siv no tuaj yeem siv tau thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho thiab ntau hom kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm. Qee lub sij hawm nws kuj tseem siv thaum kho, nrog rau lub ntsiab. Cov cuab yeej pabcuam tuaj yeem yog cov qauv, tshuab lossis kev teeb tsa. Lo lus no feem ntau siv rau cov nodes ntxiv ntawm ntau hom kev ua haujlwm nyuaj.

cov cuab yeej pabcuam
cov cuab yeej pabcuam

piv txwv yooj yim

Ntau yam khoom siv tiag tiagQhov tseeb, tsuas muaj ib qho loj xwb. Piv txwv li, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob diesel tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov khoom siv hauv chav kawm no, yam tsis muaj tsheb siv hluav taws xob tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw deb. Nws yog cov cuab yeej pabcuam thiab cov khoom siv compressor siv ua ke nrog jackhammer. Lwm qhov piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv no yog cov khoom siv plua plav siv thaum sib tsoo pob zeb. Tom ntej no, xav txog hom thiab piv txwv ntawm cov cuab yeej siv no hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab lub neej txhua hnub.

khoom siv hauv tsev

Hauv qhov no, ntau yam khoom siv tuaj yeem siv tau. Thaum tsim tsev, piv txwv li:

  1. Tsheb. Cov cuab yeej siv no yuav muaj ob lub log lossis ib qho. Lub tais ntawm kev tsim kho niaj hnub wheelbarrow nws tus kheej feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov ntawv tuab galvanized. Cov cuab yeej pabcuam no yog siv los txav ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev lossis hauv ntiaj teb.
  2. Tub rau pob zeb. Hom khoom siv ntxiv no tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv thiab qhov loj me. Feem ntau yog cov trough-puab hom thoob thiab lub khob hliav qab ntawm qhov sawv.

khoom vaj khoom tsev

Tau kawg, koj tuaj yeem nyob tau yooj yim hauv txhua lub tsev tsuas yog tias nws muaj kev sib txuas lus xws li dej, kav dej thiab hluav taws xob. Hauv thawj kis, piv txwv li, cov cuab yeej pabcuam xws li:

  1. lim. Hom khoom siv nonyob rau hauv lem, tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug txawv tsim. Muaj cov ntxaij lim dej, cov ntxaij lim dej sib nqus, rov qab osmosis lim, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov cuab yeej pabcuam no yog tsim los ua kom huv dej los ntawm ntau hom impurities.

  2. Cov Nyiaj Pab. Cov khoom siv no yog siv los sib npaug ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hloov raws qhov ntev ntawm cov kav dej.

khoom siv ntxiv xws li:

  1. Voltage stabilizers. Hom khoom siv no yog siv los them cov nqi hluav taws xob hauv tsev neeg. Feem ntau, cov stabilizers tau nruab rau hauv cov tsev nyob hauv lub tebchaws lossis hauv cov tsev ntawm cov tsev siab siab nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm cov kab deterioration.
  2. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis cuam tshuam. Cov cuab yeej zoo li no feem ntau siv hauv cov tsev uas muaj ntau yam khoom siv hauv chaw ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, thaum muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, lub khoos phis tawj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm UPS rau qee lub sijhawm. Tom qab tag nrho, kev kaw hluav taws xob ntse, raws li koj paub, yog qhov txaus ntshai heev.
cov khoom siv tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv pabcuam
cov khoom siv tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv pabcuam

Ntau zaus, ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob xa hluav taws xob tau siv hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Cov cuab yeej pabcuam rau lawv tuaj yeem siv tau, piv txwv li, xws li cov yeeb nkab cutters (rau cov tshuab vuam), cov suab nrov nrov (rau cov twj), thiab lwm yam.

Thaum txhim kho cov kav dej phwj tuaj yeem siv tau:

  1. Cov khoom siv tsim los rau kev tua kab mob thiab ua kom tsis zoo ntawm cov dej khib nyiab.
  2. Tshuab tsim los ntxuav cov cua daj cua dub, thiab lwm yam.e.

Kho cov cuab yeej pabcuam thaum nws tawg, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov kab ke ntawm kev sib txuas lus, yuav tsum ua kom tiav raws sijhawm. Tseeb tiag, tsis yog tsuas yog kev yooj yim ntawm kev nyob hauv tsev, tab sis kuj muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev, cov qauv ntawm lub tsev, thiab lwm yam, nyob ntawm seb cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo li cas.

Hom khoom siv chav boiler ntxiv

Muaj ntau ntau yam khoom siv thiab cov cuab yeej ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej, hluav taws xob thiab cov kav dej phwj tuaj. Tab sis txawm tias ntau dua ntawm cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov dej cua sov rau cov tsev ntiav thiab cov lag luam. Boiler accessories tau muab faib ua hom hauv qab no:

  • pumps;
  • draft mechanisms;
  • tshem tawm cov hmoov tshauv thiab cov roj xa hluav taws xob;
  • chimney thiab flues;
  • xub nplawm;
  • ntsuas ntsuas ntau yam;
  • khoom siv kho dej.

Lub twj tso kua mis twg tuaj yeem siv

Boilers hauv tsev thiab kev lag luam yog siv los ua kom sov dej. Cov tom kawg tuaj yeem muab pub rau hauv cov cuab yeej siv piston lossis centrifugal twj. Nyob rau hauv yuam-hom cua sov tshuab, tsawg kawg yog ob yam xws li network units feem ntau yog siv. Ib qho ntawm cov twj tso kua mis yog suav tias yog cov khoom siv pabcuam standby ntawm chav boiler.

pabkhoom siv boiler
pabkhoom siv boiler

Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem txheej txheem

Yuav kom lub boiler ua haujlwm zoo, huab cua yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv mus rau lub qhov cub, kom hlawv cov thee, briquettes lossis taws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob tau siv los xyuas kom meej qhov nrawm ntawm kev txav mus los hauv cov pa hluav taws xob thiab lub qhov hluav taws xob ntawm cov emissions ntawm chav cua sov.

Roj khoom siv

Feem ntau, cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis zoo li no yog siv hauv cov roj boilers. Cov roj siv hluav taws xob ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov chav no. Cov cuab yeej zoo li no tuaj yeem faib ua auger thiab hydraulic.

kho cov cuab yeej pab
kho cov cuab yeej pab

Thaum hlawv ntoo lossis thee hauv cov roj boilers lossis roj diesel hauv cov kua, cov pa luam yeeb tsim. Cov kav dej yog siv rau lawv tshem tawm. Thaum txhim kho chimneys, qee cov qauv yuav tsum raug soj ntsuam. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej pabcuam ntawm hom no tso cai rau koj txuag kev noj qab haus huv, thiab qee zaum lub neej ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub tuam txhab lossis cov neeg nyob hauv tsev. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov khoom ntawm combustion ntawm cov roj xiav hauv cov roj boilers, cov roj ducts siv.

Tshuaj ntsuab

Los ntawm cov chimneys, tsis tsuas yog cov khoom siv roj av tiag tiag ntawm cov roj combustion tuaj yeem tawm mus rau hauv qhov chaw. Feem ntau, cov hmoov tshauv ntau kuj tawm los ntawm cov kav dej, uas ua rau muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no tshwm sim, siv cov cuab yeej pabcuam xws li cov hmoov tshauv catchers.

ntsuas ntsuas rau chav boiler

Qhov kev pom noCov cuab yeej pabcuam pabcuam yog tsim los tswj thiab tswj qhov kub ntawm cov dej hauv cov cua sov, nws cov siab thiab qib. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov cuab yeej ntsuas hauv chav boiler yog kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab lub zog hluav taws xob.

Dab tsi yog cov cuab yeej kho dej

Cov cuab yeej ntawm hom no suav nrog ntau yam lim, cov hlau tshem tawm, cov khoom muag muag. Kev siv lub tshuab ua kom txias nrog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm ntau hom impurities txo qis lub neej ntawm boiler thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm lub cev tsim. Cov chav kho dej tsim los rau nws cov purification feem ntau muaj cov qauv tsim nyuaj heev. Kev txhim kho, raws nraim li kev kho cov cuab yeej pabcuam ntawm hom no, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij xwb.

Cov cuab yeej pabcuam rau kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg: hom tseem ceeb

Tau kawg, ntau yam khoom siv tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov chaw tsim khoom. Tom ntej no, piv txwv li, peb yuav tshuaj xyuas seb cov khoom siv pabcuam tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg. Ntawm cov chaw lag luam ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb zoo sib xws, lawv feem ntau siv:

  • khoom siv hluav taws xob;
  • tshav kub exchangers;
  • filters;
  • crushers.

Hom khoom siv hluav taws xob

Pab pawg no ntawm cov cuab yeej pabcuam rau kev tsim tshuaj muaj xws li:

  • ntau yam ntsug, kheej kheej thiab kab rov tav ntim;
  • sib cais qis thiabsiab siab;
  • cylindrical thiab kheej kheej tso tsheb hlau luam;
  • merniki, thiab lwm yam.

Thiab, ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tso tau, piv txwv li, ntsuas ntsuas siab, ntsuas kub, ntsuas tsom iav, qhov ua pa, thiab lwm yam.

Type of heat exchangers

Cov cuab yeej pabcuam ntawm hom no tau muab faib ua:

  • heaters;
  • tub yees;
  • evaporators;
  • capacitors.
accessory siv
accessory siv

Raws li tus qauv tsim thiab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv kuj tau muab faib ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab. Thawj hom khoom yog txawv los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv nws ob coolant ntws alternately dhau los ntawm tib qhov chaw. Hauv regenerators, cua sov raug tshem tawm thiab sau los ntawm ib qho kwj thiab xa mus rau lwm qhov.

Ntau yam thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov lim

Hom khoom pabcuam no yog tsim los cais cov tshuab tsis sib xws uas siv cov porous baffles. Cov tom kawg tuaj yeem yog cov ntaub, yas lossis hlau meshes, daim hlau ceramic, thiab lwm yam. Hauv cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, cov ntxaij lim dej tuaj yeem siv los ua khoom siv:

  • hom qauv (kev ua haujlwm sib cuam tshuam);
  • chamber lim presses;
  • cov tshuab nqus tsev txuas txuas ntxiv.

Dab tsi yog centrifuges thiab crushers

Cov khoom siv ntawm hom no yog tib yam li cov lim dej,siv rau mechanical sib cais ntawm inhomogeneous media. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv no ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus sib txawv kiag li. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, kev sib cais tshwm sim vim qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub zog centrifugal. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, ob hom centrifuges tuaj yeem siv tau: lim thiab daws.

Crushers yog tsim los rau hauv cov nroj tsuag zoo li no los tsoo cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj, qhib cov nplej dawb huv los yog ua kom cov khoom seem.

Cov Khoom Siv Pabcuam Xeem

Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv no feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom ntxiv, kev pabcuam ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem tag nrho lossis kev ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm kev cob qhia feem ntau yog nyob ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm du. Yog li ntawd, thaum tso tawm cov cuab yeej zoo li no nyob rau theem kawg, hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej, nws cov kev sim tau ua tiav. Tib lub sijhawm, cov kws tshaj lij ua cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog coj los ntawm GOST cov qauv.

Kev txhawb nqa thiab kev kuaj mob

Cov khoom siv pabcuam tuaj yeem siv tsis yog hauv kev tsim kho, hauv tsev boiler, hauv tsev lossis kev lag luam. Xws li cov cuab yeej siv feem ntau siv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau hom kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, piv txwv li, cav. Cov no tuaj yeem yog:

  • txhawb nqa ntau yam;
  • test stands rau ntau lub tshuab;
  • scanners;
  • khoom tshwj xeeb rau kev kuaj pom, thiab lwm yam.

Tsis tas li, txhua yam khoom siv txuas nrog tuaj yeem siv rau hauv tshuab:hwj chim steering, cua txias. Xws li ntxiv, ntawm lwm yam, tshem tawm "horsepower" los ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, nyuaj rau overestimate cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lawv siv.

xeem accessories
xeem accessories

Ntau yam khoom siv cav tau ua tiav, feem ntau nrog siv. Cov cuab yeej pabcuam feem ntau ua haujlwm tau zoo tshaj yog tias tom kawg muab kev sib kis nyuaj. Mounting ntawm txoj hlua txuas nws tus kheej tuaj yeem nqa tau siv hydraulic lossis tshuab tshuab.

Cov cuab yeej siv dab tsi hauv kev tsim khoom ntxiv

Auxiliary tuaj yeem tsis yog cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv tiag tiag xwb. Feem ntau, tag nrho cov tuam txhab ua haujlwm no. Cov khoom lag luam ntxiv suav nrog, piv txwv li, xws li kev tsim khoom xws li:

  • ntim khoom;
  • ntau lawm rau kev rho tawm cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau (xuab zeb, gravel);
  • Hoobkas tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim ntau yam cuab yeej.

Hauv kev lag luam ntawm hom no, txhua yam kev ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab yooj yim pabcuam thiab cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb kuj tau siv. Piv txwv li, hauv cov khw ntim khoom, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tshuab tshuab, tshuab ziab khaub ncaws, cov khoom siv molding yog siv. Xuab zeb thiab pob zeb mining tuam txhab siv crushers, bulldozers, excavators, loaders, thiab lwm yam.

Kev suav nyiaj pab tsim khoom thiab khoom siv

Txhua lub khw no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev koom tes thiab kev ua haujlwm. Lawvcov nqi muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub tuam txhab. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov txiaj ntsig tau ntawm lub tuam txhab thiab ntau yam ntawm cov nqi tsim nyog, yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau ua ib qho kev suav nyiaj ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov qauv kev lag luam no yog ua raws li cov hauv qab no:

  • yam khoom;
  • nqi;
  • nqi qauv;
  • degree ntawm unprofitability lossis qib ntawm profitability.

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau txais, ntawm lwm yam, txoj hauv kev los txo cov nqi ntawm cov kev lag luam no tau txiav txim siab yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg ntawm kev lag luam. Tag nrho cov nqi ntawm xws li kev cob qhia yog muab faib ua tej yam yooj yim thiab indirect. Rau lawv, ib tug tshwj xeeb active suav account yog faib. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov nqi uas tshwm sim yog reflected nyob rau hauv lub debit, thiab cov zis ntawm cov kev pab cuam los yog cov khoom yog reflected nyob rau hauv credit.

auxiliary khoom siv
auxiliary khoom siv

Kev suav nyiaj rau cov cuab yeej pabcuam siv hauv kev lag luam lossis lub tsev boiler yog ua raws li tib txoj cai raws li lub ntsiab. Nws raug lees txais ntawm daim ntawv tshuav nqi ntawm tus nqi txhiv thawj zaug.

Txoj haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej pabcuam

Kev tsim ntawm hom kev sib tw no tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim thiab yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txoj haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua nrog kev ua raws li cov lus qhia los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab ntau yam GOST cov qauv. Piv txwv li, thaum siv cov khoom siv roj, cov xwm txheej hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua raws:

  • peat yuav tsum tau nqa ua ntej los ntawm crushers, thiab nws cov feem kawgyuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 50x50x5 mm;
  • lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub bunker thaum siv peat li roj yuav tsum tsis txhob tsawg dua 60 degrees;
  • Txhua theem (kev siv roj, thauj khoom) yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb.

Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm cov cuab yeej pabcuam, nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb, nws yuav tsum tau kho kom raws sijhawm. Tsuas yog cov kws tshaj lij uas tau txais kev cob qhia tsim nyog thiab muaj cov txuj ci tsim nyog tau tso siab los ua cov haujlwm no ntawm cov tuam txhab thiab cov tsev boiler.

Pom zoo: