Hlau sulphate: muaj pes tsawg leeg, mis, khoom, lub hom phiaj thiab daim ntawv thov

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-02 13:55

Vim hlau sulphate yog ib qho yooj yim-rau-ua thiab yooj yim muaj tshuaj, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev siv. Nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, nws yog ib tug zoo-paub hlau sulphate, feem ntau nyob rau hauv vaj. Yog hais tias peb tham txog daim ntawv thov ntawm ib tug loj scale, ces nws yog siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb sector, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv kev lag luam.

Cov tshuaj no yog dab tsi?

Iron sulfate yog ib yam khoom tsis muaj sia, ib qho chaw ntawm sulfuric acid thiab hlau ntsev, tsis muaj xim, opaque, tsis muaj ntxhiab. Crystalline hydrates muaj xim daj-ntsuab ntsuab, pob tshab, tetrahydrates (FeSO ₄ 4H₂O) yog xim ntsuab, thiab monohydrates (FeSO4_·Н2_{O) - tsis muaj kob. Cov saj ntawm cov khoom yog sharply astringent, nrog ib tug metallic saj. Los ntawm lub npe nws yog tseeb hais tias nws muaj ib tug muaj zog acidic tivthaiv, molar loj ntawm cov reagent yog 151 g / mol. Cov mis rau ferrous sulfate yog FeSO}4_.

Nyob rau hauv huab cua, cov khoom erodes, poob nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm crystallizationua kua. Cov compound dissolves sai sai hauv dej ntawm 20 ° C. Nws toxicity kuj tsawg. Ntawm cov kua sib tov, tsuas yog xiav-ntsuab heptahydrate, zoo dua lub npe hu ua ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄ 7H_{2O), muaj peev xwm ua kom crystallize.. Ua tsaug rau nws cov khoom, cov khoom siv yog siv hauv cov chav kawm chemistry, qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm tias cov crystals txawv txawv tuaj yeem loj hlob los ntawm nws hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.}

Properties

Ferrous sulfate yog cais los ntawm cov kua sib tov ntawm qhov kub zoo ntawm 1.82 txog 56.8 degrees hauv daim ntawv ntawm ferrous sulfate. Cov tshuaj saturated yog tau los ntawm kev sib tov 100 ml dej thiab 26.6 g ntawm anhydrous ferrous hlau ntawm 20 ° C, thiab 54.4 g ntawm 56 ° C. Hlau sulfate (II) nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov pa oxygen nyhav oxidize, tig mus rau hauv daim ntawv III. Thaum rhuab mus rau qhov kub siab tshaj 480 ° C, nws pib decompose.

Ib qho ntawm nws cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov tsim nyog rau tib neeg lub cev kom muaj lub neej nquag. Nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv ntuj, lub ntsiab muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam khoom noj: txiv apples, ceev, pomegranates, buckwheat, nqaij nyuj daim siab.

Ntaus khoom

Hlau ammonium sulphate yog tsim los ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov khoom seem rau cov kua qaub ntawm sulfuric acid. Ntawm kev lag luam nplai, nws tau txais los ntawm kev xaiv ntau yam khoom siv hlau, hlau, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom yog cov khoom lag luam los ntawm kev tsim cov titanium oxide los ntawm cov khoom xws li ilmenite.

Iron sulfate tshwm simnyob rau hauv qhov thiab hauv nws daim ntawv purest. Geologists paub tias nws yog cov ntxhia hu ua melanterite.

Industrial applications

Ferrous sulfate yog ib qho chaw sib xyaw uas cov kws tshuaj metallurgists feem ntau yuav tsum tau nrog, vim nws yog cov khoom lag luam hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam ntawm hom no.

Nws yog ib qho zoo heev uas siv cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua thiab yooj yim dua rau kev lag luam dua li rov ua dua. Piv txwv li, hlau sulfate yog siv los hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus rau ntau cov qoob loo horticultural. Nws yog nyob rau hauv tus account tshwj xeeb nrog cov neeg nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov.

Ntawm kev lag luam, hlau sulphate yog dav siv hauv textile ntau lawm. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem raws li nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm dye fabrics dub. Tej zaum, txhua tus neeg hauv tsev muaj ib lossis ntau yam ua tiav nrog cov xim uas tsim los ntawm cov hlau sulphate. Tsis muaj coob leej paub tias cov tshuaj no yog siv los ua tus cwj mem.

Iron sulfate (GOST 4148-78) kuj yog siv los ua cov tshuaj reagent hauv kev tsim cov ferrites.

daim ntawv thov kho mob

Qhov no yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau deficiency anemia hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus. Raws li nws, cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj npaj ua kua, tshuaj ntsiav yog tsim tawm, uas muaj pub dawb thiab xa tawm yam tsis muaj kws kho mob cov tshuaj.

Ntawm no nws tsim nyog sau cia tias hlau yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb uas tsim hemoglobin, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau tib neeg. Thaum raug mob hnyav thiabcov ntshav poob loj, cov tshuaj muaj hlau raug sau tseg yam tsis muaj kev poob. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog: Hemofer, M altofer, Sorbifer Durules, Ferlatum thiab lwm yam. Lawv feem ntau ua ke nrog cov vitamin C ua cov tshuaj antioxidant muaj zog.

Agricultural applications

Iron sulfate tau pom nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev ua liaj ua teb. Hlau vitriol yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog dav siv los ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob los tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob fungal uas cov nroj tsuag raug rau. Ntxiv mus, lawv tua cov phab ntsa hauv qab daus thiab cov khw muag zaub.

Ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm ferrous sulphate ferrous nyob rau hauv tsis tu ncua yog siv los kho cov noob. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, lawv cov kab mob uas muaj teeb meem microorganisms raug cais tawm, germination nce thiab kab mob ntawm lwm cov qoob loo raug cais tawm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov cov txiaj ntsig tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm ferrous sulfate ua cov chiv zoo rau qee hom av thiab qoob loo.

Application in horticulture

Nov yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb, yog li hlau sulphate tau siv dav heev ntawm no. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv thov yog kev kho mob ntawm thaj chaw, tiv thaiv impregnation ntawm ntoo los ntawm cov kab mob hauv tsev, ntxuav cov tub ntxhais hluas cog rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav.

Iron vitriol yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tiv thaiv paj thiab cov qoob loo cog qoob loo los ntawm kab tsuag. Rau qhov no, cov nroj tsuag tau txau nrog kev npaj ua tiav raws li cov hlau, uas, ntxiv rau, pib loj hlob zoo dua.paj. Ntawd yog, cov khoom tseem ua haujlwm zoo li khoom noj khoom haus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsim nyog paub tias txiv qaub tsis tuaj yeem ntxiv rau nws, tsuas yog tooj liab sulfate tau tso cai.

txhawm rau ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov ntxhia foliar chiv rau hauv av hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj aqueous (5 g ib thoob dej). Xws li kev hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev tawm los, piv txwv li, strawberries thiab currants. Nws yog qhov sib npaug zoo los siv nws ua ke nrog compost. Qhov ntau npaum li cas hauv qhov no yuav tsum yog 100 g ib thoob ntawm cov organic teeb meem. Los ntawm kev pub zaub mov hauv vaj hauv txoj kev no, thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg koj tuaj yeem sau cov qoob loo nplua nuj, uas nyob rau hauv ntim yuav loj dua qhov uas tsis muaj chiv.

Kev thov hauv viticulture

Ntau tus neeg nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov tab tom sim cog qoob loo hauv zos. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, shrub bears txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv nruab nrab txoj kab. Yog tias koj muab kev saib xyuas zoo rau nws, koj tuaj yeem sau qoob loo zoo. Lub ntsiab lus zais ntawm kev paub gardeners yog tshuaj tsuag lub vineyards nrog hlau sulfate nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg. Nrog nws, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kab mob phem thiab ntau yam kab mob. Tsis txhob qias neeg nrog ferrous sulfate nutrient tov, tshuaj tsuag lub vine heev nrog nws, thiab ua hauj lwm cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub vine raws li kab tsuag tuaj yeem yug hauv nws.

Siv tau zoo ntawm cov hlau sulfate rau lub vaj txiv hmab hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Xws li hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus yuav tso cai rau cov nroj tsuag kom yooj yim dua zam frosts. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho mob nrog kev daws teeb meem yuav cuam tshuam me ntsis kev loj hlob ntawm lub raum. Raws nraimYog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau tshuaj tsuag ua ntej thawj nplooj tshwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov kua dej uas muaj cov ntsiab lus siab tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lawv, kub hnyiab tshwm sim.

Ua ntej cog cov cuttings hauv av, nws tseem yuav tsis yog superfluous kom moisten lawv nrog kev daws ntawm hlau sulfate. Npaj nws zoo ib yam li kev txau. Qhov kev kho no yuav tso cai rau pruning mus rau hauv paus thiab germinate sai dua. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg khaws nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau peb lub hlis txij li hnub npaj.

Cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov xav txog qhov kev tswj hwm no yog ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Lawv nco ntsoov tias ua ntej tshuaj tsuag cov qoob loo horticultural, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom npaj cov tshuaj ferrous sulfate kom zoo, tsis txhob muaj qhov muaj zog heev.

Raws li kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov kab mob phem, moss thiab ntau hom lichen, 5% muaj pes tsawg leeg tau npaj (500 g ntawm cov khoom yog yaj hauv ib lub thoob dej). Txau yog nqa tawm ob zaug hauv ib xyoos, thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg tom qab sau qoob. Rau kev kho mob ntawm tsob ntoo thiab pob zeb txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tib lub sijhawm ua raws, txawm li cas los xij, qhov concentration ntawm qhov no yuav tsum tsawg dua (300 g ntawm cov tshuaj ib 10 liv dej).

Rau cov kws tshuaj thiab cov kws tshaj lij, cov hlau sulfate yog ib qho ntawm ntau cov tshuaj sib txuas uas tuaj yeem tau txais kev tsim khoom. Rau ib tug neeg nyob deb ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no, hlau vitriol yog ib qho cuab yeej uas pab daws cov teeb meem niaj hnub hauv lub vaj, kev tsim kho, thiab tshuaj.

Kab lus hais txog kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv ferrous sulfate hauv kev lag luam thiab kev txhawb nqa lub neejtib neeg nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, nws siv tau piav qhia txog kev kho mob ntawm qee yam kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Cov lus piav qhia ntxaws txog kev siv cov tshuaj no hauv horticulture kuj tau muab.