Steel C235: yam ntxwv, khoom, muaj pes tsawg leeg

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Nws feem ntau tshwm sim uas koj yuav tsum tau kawm ntau txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, thiab, raws li ib txwm, tsis muaj sijhawm ntau. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov khoom xws li qhov no yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo: cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, qhov kev tshuaj xyuas luv luv no muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tshaj plaws hais txog C235 steel qib: nws cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom, analogues, kev txiav txim siab thiab qhov dav. Tom qab kawm nws, leej twg tuaj yeem nrhiav tau hom hlau uas nws xav tau yooj yim, yog tias tsim nyog.

Kev txiav txim siab qib steel

Cia peb pib qhov no steel hu ua. Tom qab tag nrho, nws lub cim tuaj yeem qhia ntau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb. Yog li tus kws tshaj lij uas paub yuav ua li cas "nyeem" qib ntawm cov alloys yuav nkag siab tam sim ntawd tias C235 yog kev tsim kho, cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau. Qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm nws cov cim, nyob rau hauv uas tsab ntawv "C" qhia nws ncaj qha lub hom phiaj - siv nyob rau hauv lub tsev, thiab qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov zauv yog lub yield zog ntawm lub alloy, qhia nyob rau hauv units.ntsuas - megapascals. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau no tseem ceeb heev rau kev lag luam alloys, vim tias nws yuav pab suav cov load siab tshaj plaws uas cov khoom ua los ntawm cov hlau tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem raug rau yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lawv cov deformation tseem ceeb ntxiv thiab, vim li ntawd, tawg.

Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau

Qhov tseeb tias C235 steel yog cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau tsis tau txhais hais tias nws tsis muaj cov tshuaj tsis huv thiab cov khoom ntxiv uas yuav ua rau cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Yog lawm, tau kawg, cov npe ntawm cov khoom ntxiv tag nrho tsis yog qhov dav heev thaum piv nrog cov qib tshwj xeeb steel ntau, txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj ntxiv tseem muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom ntawm C235 steel. GOST yog pov thawj ntawm qhov no. Cov ntaub ntawv no, tau lees paub los ntawm txhua tus tub ceev xwm, muab cov npe ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloying:

• Carbon (0.2%). Hlau belongs rau cov chav kawm ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj carbon tsawg thiab txo cov yam ntxwv hardness, uas txo qhov kawg lub zog, tab sis ho nce ductility thiab pab txhawb machining.
• Silicon (0.05%) yog lub ntuj deoxidizer, ntawm qhov ntau npaum li cas nws ua kom lub zog ntawm cov hlau me ntsis, nws cov cua sov ua haujlwm thiab ductility.
• Manganese (0.6%) - txhim kho cov qauv ntawm cov hlau, muab nws lub zog, txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis rau lwm qhov ntsuas.
• Nickel, chromium thiab tooj liab (0.3% txhua). Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm impurities feem ntau zoo tib yam thiab yog tsom rau kev txhim kho corrosion, kub tsis kam thiab tag nrho lub zog.
• Phosphorus, sulfur (txog 0.05%) - teeb meem impurities uas cuam tshuam tsis zooalloy qauv. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov ntsiab lus feem ntau tsis tsim nyog.

Alloy yam ntxwv

Tam sim no hais tias cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau tau kawm, cov lus hauv qab no tuaj yeem muab tso rau tom ntej txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm C235 steel:

1. YPlasticity. Lub alloy tsis muaj siab hardness vim yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon tsawg, nrog rau qee cov additives uas muab cov hlau ntau dua ductility. Vim li no, ua ntej, ua kom yooj yim rau kev siv tshuab ua tiav: shaping ib daim ntawv ntawm C235 steel los ntawm kev khoov yam tsis muaj preheating, straightening nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, txias nias, thiab lwm yam. Thib ob, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov tsis xws luag hauv qhov chaw thauj khoom raug txo.
2. Weldability. Kev tsim kho vaj tse yog qhov nyuaj rau kev siv yam tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm lub tshuab vuam, thiab yog li ntawd cov khoom siv los ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo weldability. Thiab cov hlau qib C235 haum zoo kawg nkaus. Tom qab tag nrho, nws tuaj yeem welded yam tsis muaj preheating nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev thiab tsis txhob ntshai tias cov kab nrib pleb ntawm seam.
3. Corrosion kuj. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau rau oxidation thiab xeb yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Tom qab tag nrho, nws nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas no sai npaum li cas qhov no lossis qhov tsim yuav dhau los siv tsis tau. Steel C235 muaj qhov nruab nrab tsis kam tiv thaiv corrosion, uas tso cai rau koj ua haujlwm nrog nws nyob rau hauv cov av ib txwm tsis muaj xeb.

Analogues thiab hloov steels

Lub khw muag khoom hlau yog qhov loj heev thiab yog li ntawd rau ib qho thiab tib yamtib lub lag luam, koj tuaj yeem yooj yim pom tsawg kawg yog ob peb cov hlau zoo sib xws hauv cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum paub seb yuav nrhiav dab tsi. Rau cov hlau C235, cov npe ntawm cov hlau hloov pauv yog:

• St18kp;
• St3kp2;
• ST3kp2.

Paub txog cov npe ntawm cov qib steel, txhua tus neeg yuav khoom tsawg kawg peb zaug nws lub sijhawm los yuav cov khoom siv hauv tsev rau nws cov kev xav tau. Txawm hais tias, nrog rau qib siab ntawm qhov tshwm sim, tus kws pab tswv yim zoo yuav tuaj yeem taw qhia cov analogues ntawm qhov no lossis cov hlau tsis pub dawb.