2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28
Qee zaum nws tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo kom muaj cov lus luv luv nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm koj ob lub qhov muag, muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm ib qho teeb meem. Kab lus no tsuas yog ib qho excerpt, uas muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txog 10KhSND steel: yam ntxwv, nws daim ntawv thov, muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom.
Transcript
Thawj qhov uas koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau yog qhov cim tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no alloy yog tsim, vim hais tias cov ntawv luv luv no muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog 10KhSND steel: cov yam ntxwv, muaj pes tsawg leeg, Scope thiab ntau ntxiv. Tab sis thawj yam ua ntej:
- Tus lej 10 thaum pib ntawm cov ntawv luv qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau alloy thiab, yog tias koj ntseeg tias daim duab no, nws qhov feem pua raug tshem tawm, txheeb ze rau lwm yam tshuaj, yuav yog kwv yees li ntawm ib feem kaum. ntawm ib feem pua.
- Tsab ntawv "X" nyob rau hauv Soviet system ntawm GOSTs yog siv los qhia txog cov hlau alloying chromium.
- "С" - lub cim ntawm silicon - tsis muaj tsawg duafeem ntawm ntau yam alloys.
- "H" - raws li tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm, nws ib txwm hais txog cov tshuaj lom neeg nickel.
- Tsab ntawv "D" hauv nomenclature ib txwm sawv cev rau tooj.
- Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov no, tom qab tag nrho cov ntawv, tsis muaj tus lej. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm chromium, silicon, npib tsib xee thiab tooj liab nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ze rau ib feem pua
Summing tag nrho cov saum toj no, peb tuaj yeem hais tias peb tab tom cuam tshuam nrog chromium-silicon alloy nrog ntxiv ntawm tooj liab, uas ua ke muab 10KhSND steel yam ntxwv uas txawv ntawm cov khoom zoo sib xws.
Composition
Tam sim no cia peb saib cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlau kom ntxaws ntxiv. Ua tsaug rau cov qib steel thiab GOSTs, uas yooj yim mus nrhiav hauv pej xeem sau, koj tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txhua. Yog li, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau yog raws li nram no:
- Carbon - 0.12% - lub ntsiab alloying ntsiab uas ua rau kom cov yam ntxwv muaj zog ntawm 10HSND.
- Silicon - 0.95% yog ib qho ntawm cov hlau alloying uas ua rau kom lub zog ntawm cov hlau, nws tsis kam oxidation thiab kub kub.
- Manganese - 0.65% - me ntsis nce cov ductility ntawm cov hlau thiab nws lub zog.
- Nickel - 0.65% - muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov hlau tawv tawv, nrog rau nws hnav tsis kam thiab corrosion kuj.
- Chrome - 0.75% - nce qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau rau corrosion, nws lub zog thiab kub tsis kam.
- tooj liab - 0.5% - nce qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau kom xeb.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov impurities ntawm nitrogen, arsenic, phosphorus thiab sulfur, uas cuam tshuam rau cov khoom ntawm cov khoom, tab sis lawv cov feem pua tsawg heev uas lawv feem ntau tsis quav ntsej.
Steel application
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm 10HSND, txawm tias muaj cov npe dav dav ntawm cov khoom ntxiv, tsis zoo li peb xav tau. Tias yog vim li cas qhov no alloy yog siv los ua khoom siv hauv kev tsim kho ntawm ntau lub tsev. Raws li, steel 10KhSND raug yuam kom muaj ntau tus yam ntxwv tsim nyog rau nws hom kev pabcuam. Ntawm lawv yog:
- Weldability. Rau cov hlau no, cov txheej txheem vuam tsis tas yuav muaj cov txheej txheem ua ntej thiab ua los ntawm txhua yam khoom siv vuam.
- Kev txiav. Hmoov tsis zoo los yog hmoov zoo, qib steel no tsis muaj lub zog zoo. Kev siv 10KhSND txhais tau hais tias qhov khoob uas ua los ntawm cov hlau no yuav raug rau ntau hom kev ua haujlwm, yog li tsis muaj qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb no.
- Corrosion kuj. Ua tsaug rau impurities ntawm chromium, tooj liab, silicon thiab ntau lwm yam additives, cov hlau muaj qhov nruab nrab tsis kam mus xeb, uas tso cai rau nws mus ua hauj lwm yam tsis muaj teeb meem nyob rau hauv ib tug kuj qhuav chav tsev.
Analogues thiab hloov pauv
Zoo li qib kev lag luam steel, 10KhSND muaj ntau cov analogues zoo sib xws, txawm tias tsis muaj ntau ntawm lawv. Thawj ntawm lawv yog Lavxias-Soviet steel 16G2AS. Lwm qhov yog Bulgarian keeb kwm thiab10 ChSND marking. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias feem ntau, nws yuav luag tag nrho peb cov qauv hauv tsev.
Pom zoo:
Steel C235: yam ntxwv, khoom, muaj pes tsawg leeg
Nws feem ntau tshwm sim uas koj yuav tsum tau kawm ntau txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, thiab, raws li ib txwm, tsis muaj sijhawm ntau. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov khoom xws li qhov no yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo: cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, qhov kev tshuaj xyuas luv luv no muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tshaj plaws hais txog C235 steel qib: nws cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom, analogues, kev txiav txim siab thiab qhov dav. Tom qab kawm txog nws, leej twg tuaj yeem yooj yim nrhiav hom hlau uas nws xav tau, yog tias tsim nyog
CVG steel: muaj pes tsawg leeg, daim ntawv thov thiab cov yam ntxwv
Kawm metallurgy thiab tag nrho nws cov subtleties, koj tsis yeem pib muaj kev xav tsis thoob kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig ntau npaum li qhov ua tau thiab siv sijhawm me ntsis thiab siv zog li sai tau. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kab lus no tshwm sim. Nws muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntsig txog CVG steel: txiav txim siab lub cim, kawm txog kev muaj pes tsawg leeg, kev siv cov hlau no, nrog rau kev mus ncig luv luv rau hauv cov hlau hloov pauv thiab txawv teb chaws analogues. Txhua yam koj xav tau nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw rau txhua tus neeg yooj yim
Tsawg carbon steel: muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom
Cov pa roj carbon tsawg yog ubiquitous. Nws cov koob meej yog raws li lub cev, tshuaj lom neeg thiab tus nqi qis. Cov alloy no tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam thiab kev tsim kho. Cia peb saib ze dua ntawm hom hlau no
Cov khoom noj muaj zog: lub hom phiaj, muaj pes tsawg leeg, khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, hom thiab kev xav tau zoo
Ntxiv rau cov kua dej thiab ntxhib, cov khoom noj muaj zog kuj tau qhia rau hauv kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov tsiaj txhu ua liaj ua teb thiab nqaij qaib. Muaj tsuas yog ob hom tseem ceeb ntawm lawv - carbohydrate thiab protein
Txoj cai ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv emission. Kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom muag thiab qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom muag commission
Cov khoom pov tseg pov tseg rau hauv cov huab cua yog txheej txheej ntawm cov dej num uas ua los ntawm cov neeg siv xwm txheej, suav nrog kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov pa phem, kev txheeb xyuas lawv qhov chaw, kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov paib ntsuas. Nyeem ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas cov txheej txheem no mus thiab yuav ua li cas cov khoom lag luam ntawm emissions tau sau rau hauv, nyeem rau
