Technology ntawm phau ntawv arc vuam

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Tau ntau xyoo dhau los, hom kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ntau cov qauv hlau tau yog phau ntawv arc vuam. Tau kawg, cov neeg tsim qauv niaj hnub tsim lwm hom vuam uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, tab sis lawv qhov muaj thiab qhov ua haujlwm tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog txoj kev arc.

Rau siv hauv tsev, phau ntawv arc vuam tshuab yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws, vim nws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los kawm txoj kev koom nrog cov hlau. Tag nrho cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv ntawm hom vuam no yog tus nqi pheej yig thiab raug nqi. Ntawm kev muag khoom muaj ntau yam qauv ntawm vuam transformers, inverters, nrog rau kev xaiv dav ntawm electrodes rau vuam tej hlau.

Txoj kev siv vuam

Xyaum nyob rau hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub teb chaws kev lag luam, welded pob qij txha yog siv los ntawm phau ntawv arc vuam. Lub zog siv rau hom haujlwm no yog davsiv nyob rau hauv domestic tej yam kev mob, raws li muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv ua hauj lwm los ntawm ib tug qauv hluav taws xob network. Qhov zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev rau kev teeb tsa thiab kho ntau cov qauv hlau hauv tsev rhiav, thiab tsim cov khoom tshiab ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv ntau yam haujlwm.

Raws li GOST 5264-80, phau ntawv arc vuam tso cai rau koj los txuas cov pa roj carbon hlau hauv txhua qhov chaw, thiab kev siv cov electrodes tshwj xeeb ua rau nws tuaj yeem vuam qhov chaw ua los ntawm cam khwb cia hlau thiab ntau yam tsis-ferrous hlau, suav nrog cov hlau alloyed. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov kev sib txuas seams tau txais nrog ib tug high degree ntawm tsis kam mus tawg thiab kua muag kuj.

Lub peev xwm los npog qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom hnav rau lawv qhov kev ua haujlwm tom ntej yog lwm qhov ua haujlwm ntawm txoj kev vuam txheej txheem no.

Txoj cai ntawm txoj kev vuam

Technology ntawm phau ntawv arc welding yog raws li lub melting ntawm lub hauv paus hlau thiab cov electrode pas nrig nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob arc. Thaum melted, cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau koom thiab cov consumable electrodes sib tov los ua ib tug weld pas dej ua ke. Tom qab solidification ntawm no sib tov, ib tug khoom hlau qauv yog tsim - ib tug weld.

Tiv thaiv lub pas dej welding los ntawm kev phom sij ntawm nitrogen, oxygen thiab lwm yam roj uas muaj nyob hauv huab cua, txheej tshwj xeeb yog siv rau vuam electrodes. Thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem, cov khoom no, melting ua ke nrog lub hauv paus hlau, tsim rau saum npoo ntawm lub pas dej ua ke.tiv thaiv zaj duab xis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov huab cua thiab slag.

Rau qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau melting, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom muaj hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, uas tshwm sim los ntawm lub tshuab vuam tshwj xeeb (inverter). Qhov kub hauv lub pas dej weld ncav cuag 4000 ℃. Lub slag ntab mus rau saum npoo ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, tiv thaiv thaj chaw ua haujlwm los ntawm cov pa oxygen. Tom qab ntawd, tom qab lub seam tau txias, cov slag zaj duab xis raug tshem tawm mechanically.

Qhov zoo ntawm arc vuam

Tus nqi ntawm phau ntawv arc vuam nrog coated electrodes ncaj qha nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm vuam tshuab. Cov kev xaiv ntau dua uas siv chav tsev muaj peev xwm muab tau, qhov siab dua nws cov nqi. Tab sis tsis tsuas yog tus nqi qis ntawm chav tsev txiav txim siab tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm phau ntawv arc vuam, kuj tseem muaj ntau qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev koom nrog cov hlau:

• muaj peev xwm ntawm vuam qhov chaw nyob rau hauv qhov nyuaj-mus txog;
• welding nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia spatial;
• hloov nrawm ntawm cov khoom sib koom ua ke;
• ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tso cai rau koj los koom nrog cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov hlau;
• phau ntawv arc welder tsis tas yuav muaj kev paub txuj ci, vim tias cov cuab yeej yooj yim no tuaj yeem paub los ntawm leej twg;
• me me tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm lub tshuab vuam ua kom yooj yim thauj nws mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm;
• muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm thoob plaws hnub ua haujlwm;
• tau txais lub zog siab vuam.

Qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev sib txuas arc

Ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm arc vuam yog:

• mob hnyav ua haujlwm vim muaj pa taws thiab raug hluav taws xob;
• kwv yees qis dua piv rau lwm hom vuam;
• Kev paub tsis txaus ntawm tus welder, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo ntawm kev sib koom ua ke.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj ua tib zoo ua raws li qhov tsis raug ntawm kev sib txuas kom raug thiab tso cai vuam qhov ntau thiab tsawg, raws li GOST 5264 rau kev tuav arc vuam, koj tuaj yeem ua tau zoo thiab muaj kev ntseeg siab txuas cov qauv hlau hauv chav nres tsheb, lub tsev caij ntuj sov lossis lub tsev hauv lub tebchaws.

Ntau yam ntawm arc vuam

Txij thaum pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm phau ntawv arc vuam mus rau tam sim no, cov txheej txheem kev koom ua ke yog ua los ntawm ob hom hluav taws xob tam sim no:

• variable;
• permanent.

Tshwj xeeb transformers yog siv rau AC vuam. Cov txheej txheem vuam yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv electrodes. Hom vuam no nrov tshaj plaws thaum ua haujlwm hauv tsev, vim cov khoom siv tsis yooj yim los ua koj tus kheej.

Txhawm rau ua qhov txuas ncaj qha tam sim no, cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb rectifier tau siv. Hom vuam no zoo heev txo cov molten hlau spatter, uas txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm vuam.

Ib yam ntawm cov no yog siv tsis yog rau kev koom nrog cov khoom, tab sis kuj rau fusing ib co txheej ntawm hlau nyob rau saum npoo ntawm ib tug hnav, uas yog tshwj xeeb yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev kho.

Down Vuam Technology

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev npaj kom raug ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tau welded, uas yuav tsum tau txiav cov npoo ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 45 °. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm vuam qhov thicker tshaj 6 hli, nws yuav tsum tau teem ib qhov sib txawv ntawm 2-3 hli thiaj li yuav ua tau ib tug zoo nkag mus rau lub sib koom tes.

Lub ignition ntawm arc yog ua los ntawm maj mam tapping lub electrode ntawm qhov loj. Nws raug nquahu kom ua qhov haujlwm no ntawm cov phaj hlau cais, thiab tom qab ntawd nqa cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas twb muaj lawm mus rau qhov chaw vuam. Tom qab ua tiav qhov kev npaj ua haujlwm, peb rub cov npoo los ua welded rau ntau qhov chaw.

Lub electrode thaum lub sij hawm phau ntawv arc vuam yog tuav ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 45 ° nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau lub dav hlau ntawm qhov chaw yuav welded. Hauv qhov no, lub hauv paus seam yog siv ua ntej. Nws yog ua los ntawm kev txav cov electrode ntawm ib sab mus rau lwm qhov nrog kev sib tw thiab txawm tias txav.

Ntxiv mus, raws li GOST, welded pob qij txha los ntawm phau ntawv arc vuam yog ua nrog kev hloov pauv oscillatory txhawm rau txhawm rau sau tag nrho thaj chaw weld thiab nthuav nws. Thaum ua ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kauv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tswj qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov electrode thiab lub dav hlau hlau (5 hli). Nws yog qhov zoo dua los xyuas kom meej me ntsis inclination ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau welded thiaj li kubslag ntws mus rau sab. Yog tias qhov no ua tsis tau, qhov kev ua haujlwm no yog ua los ntawm tus welder nws tus kheej nrog lub ntsis ntawm cov electrode.

Qhov kawg ntawm qhov vuam yuav tsum sib tshooj kom tsis txhob muaj qhov crater.

Vertical seam technology

Kev tuav arc vuam kuj tuaj yeem txuas cov khoom hauv txoj haujlwm ntsug. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua haujlwm nrog kev sib tshuam arc thev naus laus zis. Cov hlau ua kua muaj qhov hnyav hnyav, yog li cov cua kub tsis tu ncua ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke yuav ua rau cov hlau molten ntws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub seam yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm rhawv, uas yog, nws yog superimposed rau ib leeg nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Tau kawg, nrog kev sib txuas zoo li no, lub sijhawm ua tiav cov haujlwm nce, tab sis qhov zoo ntawm vuam tsis raug kev txom nyem.

Tib lub thev naus laus zis yog siv los txuas lub qab nthab. Qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no yog xaiv txoj cai vuam hom.

vuam ceev

Qhov ceev ntawm cov electrode nyob rau hauv arc vuam yog xaiv raws li lub thickness ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum welded, raws li zoo raws li nyob ntawm seb qhov ntev ntawm lub seam. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm weld zoo yog qhov ua tiav ntawm lub pas dej ua ke nrog cov hlau molten. Yog tias sagging lossis undercutting tshwm sim, ces qhov vuam ceev tau raug xaiv tsis raug.

nrawm nrawm ntawm tus pas nrig ua rau tsis muaj kev nkag mus, vim qhov kub tsis muaj sijhawm kom ncav cuag tus nqi melting ntawm lub hauv paus hlau thiab seam yog nyias. Tom qab nws txias, tawg thiab deformation ntawm seam yuav tshwm sim.

Thaum lub electrode txav maj mam, nws ua rau pem hauv ntej ntawm arcib pawg ntawm cov hlau molten uas tseem tiv thaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws weld nkag mus.

Kev xaiv cov tsis muaj tam sim no

Kev nce qhov vuam tam sim no yuav luag tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov dav ntawm cov seam. Lub zog tseem ceeb yog nyob rau ntawm qhov tob tob - qhov ntau dua qhov tam sim no, qhov tob ntawm qhov ntsuas kub thiab qhov sib txawv, nrog rau qhov txo qis ntawm lub zog tam sim no, qhov nkag mus tob yog txo.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau muab rau hom tam sim no. DC kev ua haujlwm ua rau nqaim weld.

Tsis tas li, qhov tob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias nyob ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm electrode. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm tam sim no, ib feem me me ntawm tus pas nrig txo qhov dav ntawm lub seam thiab ua rau kom nkag mus ntawm cov hlau. Tab sis ib qho kev hloov ntawm arc voltage cuam tshuam tsuas yog qhov dav ntawm seam, thaum yuav luag tsis hloov tus nqi ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm cov hlau. Nws yog los ntawm kev hloov qhov hluav taws xob uas qhov dav ntawm cov hlau tso rau hauv cov khoom siv vuam tsis siv neeg raug tswj.

Vuam Kev Nyab Xeeb

Txawm tias qhov tseeb tias vuam, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim, txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm nrog kub thiab hluav taws xob tam sim no yuav tsum muaj kev xav thiab mloog los ntawm phau ntawv arc welder.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, cov kev cai nyab xeeb hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua nruj me ntsis thaum ua haujlwm vuam.

1. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb yog qhov muaj lub kaus mom hlau tiv thaiv nrog cov iav tinted. Kev siv cov khoom no yuav cawm tau cov welder los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov hlau nplai thiab tiv thaiv lub qhov muag kom zoo los ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm cov sparks.electrode.
2. Yuav kom tsis txhob raug hluav taws xob tam sim no, koj yuav tsum ua txhua yam haujlwm hauv hnab looj tes roj hmab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum ua kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tsis muaj qhov thiab tsis ntub.
3. Cov welding cable yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj kab nrib pleb hauv cov rwb thaiv tsev. Khiav lub cable los ntawm cov daus los yog cov av nkos tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws xob poob.
4. Vim tias lub pas dej welding muaj cov hlau molten, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom ua kua.

Vuam thev naus laus zis tau txhim kho tas li, txawm li cas los xij, txawm li cas los xij, phau ntawv arc vuam tau ua thiab tseem yog hom kev nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlau koom nrog - tsis yog hauv kev lag luam, tab sis kuj nyob hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Yog tias koj paub hom kev vuam no kom raug, koj tuaj yeem ua tau sai thiab ua tau zoo yuav luag txhua txoj haujlwm nrog cov khoom hlau.