X-35 foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv nkoj: cov lus qhia thiab daim ntawv thov
X-35 foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv nkoj: cov lus qhia thiab daim ntawv thov

Video: X-35 foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv nkoj: cov lus qhia thiab daim ntawv thov

Video: X-35 foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv nkoj: cov lus qhia thiab daim ntawv thov
Video: VIDEO REMIX: LEOPARD TANKS COMING TO UKRAINE 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tub rog tsis ntev los no yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm riam phom thiab khoom siv. Los ntawm kev siv cov khoom sib xws, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom yooj yim rau kev tsim cov tshuab thiab txo lawv cov nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm txoj hauv kev no yog Kh-35 foob pob hluav taws. Nyob ntawm qhov version, nws tuaj yeem siv los ntawm dav hlau, nyoob hoom qav taub, nkoj thiab ntug hiav txwv complexes. Kev siv ntau yam ua rau muaj peev xwm ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua.

X-35 missile: keeb kwm ntawm creation

Pib nrog, cia peb txheeb xyuas seb lub foob pob hluav taws yuav tsum dhau mus ua ntej dhau los ua cov cuab yeej ntawm Lavxias Navy. Thaum xub thawj, nws tau xav tias lub foob pob hluav taws Kh-35 yuav raug ntsia rau hauv cov nkoj thiab cov nkoj nrog qhov nruab nrab hloov chaw. Nws yuav tsum tau siv los ua ib feem ntawm Uranus missile system (RK). Kev txhim kho tau pib thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1984. Tus thawj tswj xyuas qhov project yog G. I. Khokhlov. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj haujlwm tsim tau muab tso rau hauv Zvezda Design Bureau. Nws tau xav tias X-35 "Uranus" missile yuav raug siv los rhuav tshem cov nkoj uas tsis muaj ntau tshaj 5,000 tons. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv yuav tsum tau hais tias nws muaj peev xwm ntawm ob qho tib si tso tawm thiab salvo hluav taws. Lub missile Kh-35 yuav tsum tau sib npaugua haujlwm tau zoo nyob rau txhua qhov huab cua, txhua lub sijhawm ntawm hnub, thiab txawm tias cov yeeb ncuab siv kev tiv thaiv huab cua thiab hluav taws xob ua tsov rog.

X-35 missile
X-35 missile

yam ntxwv dav dav

Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm aerodynamics, lub foob pob ua ntxaij yog ua raws li ib txwm scheme: X-shaped tis thiab tus Tsov tus tw. Sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev yog tsim los ntawm ob peb lub tog raj kheej. Qhov nruab nrab thiab tus Tsov tus tw yog asymmetrical: muaj ib tug gondola hauv qab no, nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov cua nkag. Lub foob pob hluav taws muaj lub zog-txhaj tshuaj tua kab mob, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tog raj kheej thiab muaj ib tug plumage uas unfolds ntawm launching.

Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws yog 3.85 m. Yog tias koj nruab ib lub accelerator ntawm nws, daim duab no nce mus rau 4.44 m. Lub cev txoj kab uas hla tsis tshaj 0.42 m. Lub tisspan hauv lub xeev unfolded yog 1.33 m. yooj yim configuration nrog lub accelerator, lub X-35 foob pob ua ntxaij hnyav 600 kg.

Layout

Ib qho kev npaj zoo sib xws tuaj yeem pom ntawm lwm yam khoom ntawm chav kawm no. Hauv lub taub hau yog cov khoom siv ntawm lub taub hau. Nws yog ua raws li kev sib ntaus sib tua. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ib feem yog cov cua nkag channel, "hnav khaub ncaws" nyob rau hauv lub roj tank. Hauv qab ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws yog lub cav turbojet. Cov khoom siv ntxiv yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw dawb ntawm rooj plaub. Qhov pib accelerator muaj ib qho yooj yim tsim. Tsuas yog lub tshuab foob pob hluav taws tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv nws lub cev cylindrical.

Rocket Kh-35 "Uranus"
Rocket Kh-35 "Uranus"

kev qhia

Cov qauv kev taw qhia tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev xav tauguaranteed capture thiab defeat lub hom phiaj nyob rau hauv tej jamming ib puag ncig. Lub missile tau nruab nrog ib qho kev qhia ua ke. Thaum lub sij hawm lub peb hlis ntuj, nws yuav tsum tau siv ib tug inertial navigation system thiab ib tug xov tooj cua altimeter. Thiab thaum lub missile nkag mus rau hauv lub hom phiaj, lub active radar system ntawm lub GOS yuav tsum tau qhib, lub luag hauj lwm ntawm uas yog mus nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem lub hom phiaj.

The ARGS-35, lub radar homing lub taub hau, tau siv nyob rau hauv qhov project missile. Nws tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas thiab ua raws lub hom phiaj nrog kev ntseeg siab. Lub kav hlau txais xov yog nyob rau hauv lub taub hau ntawm lub foob pob ua ntxaij. Nws hnav khaub ncaws hauv xov tooj cua pob tshab ncaj ncees. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm txoj haujlwm kab rov tav muaj qhov dav ntawm 90 degrees (45 degrees rau sab xis thiab sab laug ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws axis). Kev pom ntsug tsis dav: ntawm -10 txog +20 degrees. Thawj cov qauv ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws muaj lub hom phiaj tshawb pom txog li 20 km.

Kh-35 anti-nkoj missile
Kh-35 anti-nkoj missile

Sib ntaus sib tua

Lub taub hau nkag mus, hnyav 145 kilograms, tau teeb tsa hauv qab lub taub hau. Ua tsaug rau qhov ua kom tawg-incendiary siab, lub taub hau yuav tsum ntaus cov nkoj nrog kev xaav txog li 5000 tons. Nws muaj lub cev muaj zog nrog cov phab ntsa tuab, uas tso cai rau koj los hla ntawm ib sab ntawm cov yeeb ncuab nkoj thiab nqa tawm ib qho undermining sab hauv. Yog li nws muaj peev xwm tau txais qhov kev puas tsuaj ntau tshaj plaws.

Cav

Raws li twb tau hais lawm, lub cav turbojet nyob rau hauv tus Tsov tus tw ntawm lub hull. Nws lub zog nce mus txog 450 kgf. Lub cev muaj zog yog pib nrog ib tug squib thiab khiav raudav hlau kerosene. Lub tshuab fais fab ntawm hom no tso cai rau lub foob pob hluav taws kom ncav cuag qhov nrawm ntawm 280 m / s thiab ya los ntawm 7 mus rau 130 km. Raws li rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txhawb nqa, nws xav tau thaum siv foob pob hluav taws ua ib feem ntawm Uranus foob pob hluav taws. Nrog nws cov kev pab, lub foob pob hluav taws X-35, cov yam ntxwv uas peb tab tom xav txog niaj hnub no, tawm hauv lub thawv thauj thiab tso tawm. Thaum lub projectile yog launched, lub cev muaj zog yog rov pib dua thiab lub ntsiab lub ntsiab cav yog qhib.

Kev tswj hwm

Lub Kh-35 nkoj nkoj tau txais kev tswj hwm zoo heev, uas tso cai rau kev ua tiav kev ua haujlwm siab hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Ntawm qhov kev taug kev, lub foob pob hluav taws ya ntawm qhov siab tsis tshaj 15 meters saum toj no dej. Thaum qhov kev tshawb nrhiav lub hom phiaj thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm nws pib, qhov ntsuas no poob mus rau 4 m. Vim lub dav hlau qis qis thiab thaj chaw tawg me me, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tshawb pom raws sijhawm, taug qab thiab tawm tsam los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab huab cua tiv thaiv kab mob txo qis.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Kh-35 missiles yog rau qee qhov yooj yim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ua ntej kev npaj ua ntej. Lub xeev ntawm chav sib ntaus sib tua thiab kev qhia txog lub hom phiaj ntawm lub davhlau yog tswj tau. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, qhov kev npaj yuav siv sij hawm tsis tshaj 1 feeb. Lub foob pob hluav taws X-35, uas yog npaj rau kev siv los ntawm cov nkoj thiab hauv av-raws li missile systems, tau xa nyob rau hauv lub cylindrical thauj thiab tso lub thawv. Air-based versions tau muab rau tib txoj kev, tab sis tau pib los ntawm cov qauv dav hlau lossis dav hlau tub rog.

Cruise missile Kh-35
Cruise missile Kh-35

Kev txhim kho qeeb

Thaum xav txog cov duab kos, uas cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Design Bureau "Zvezda"ua tiav nyob rau hauv ob peb lub hlis, ib co shortcomings raug txheeb xyuas. Tshwj xeeb, qhov tsis ua raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm radar system nrog cov kev xav tau muab rau nws. Lub sijhawm ntxiv tau siv rau kev ua tiav thiab txhim kho qhov project. Lub pilot tso tawm los ntawm ib qho kev teeb tsa hauv av tau tshwm sim thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1985. Qhov no thiab ntau qhov kev tso tawm tom ntej ua tsis tiav.

Thawj qhov kev ua tiav tau tshwm sim thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1987. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txhim kho ntawm on-board systems tseem ua tsis tau. Txog rau xyoo 1992, Zvezda Design Bureau nrog cov tuam txhab muaj feem cuam tshuam tau ua 13 ntau tshaj tawm. Vim tsis muaj ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm radar, cov foob pob hluav taws sim tau nruab nrog nws cov qauv.

Vim tias kev tawg ntawm USSR thiab ntau yam teeb meem kev lag luam, kev ua haujlwm ntawm X-35 txoj haujlwm tau ua tiav. Nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1992 txog 1997, tsuas yog plaub tus qauv tsim thiab sim ua. Kev siv nyiaj tiv thaiv kuj raug txiav, yog li thawj qhov kev txiav txim rau Uran complex nrog X-35 missile tau ua los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom txawv teb chaws.

Uran-E

Xyoo 1994, Indian Navy tau xaj kom Lavxias Uran-E systems. Tsab ntawv "E" txhais tau hais tias qhov no yog kev hloov pauv hloov pauv. Lub nkoj-based missile complex muaj xws li: missile, launcher, tswj system thiab khoom siv rau kev sim mos txwv. Nws tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau txhua hom nkoj thiab nkoj. Lub launcher muaj ib tug hlau ncej nruab nrog mounts rau ntim. Tus tsim xav tias lub missile Kh-35 yuav tawm ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 35 degrees.

Complex "Uranus" nrog rau X-35 missile
Complex "Uranus" nrog rau X-35 missile

Lub kaw lus tswj tsis siv neeg, uas tau tso siab rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov foob pob hluav taws, nkag mus rau cov haujlwm thiab lwm yam haujlwm, tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob lub thawv. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los txhim kho cov cuab yeej ntawm txhua lub nkoj tsim nyog thiab cov nkoj. Ib lub thawv ntim 15 thiab lwm qhov 5 m2.

Ua tsaug rau Indian kev txiav txim, txawm li cas los xij, kev txhim kho tau ua tiav, thiab kev tsim cov foob pob hluav taws tau pib. Xyoo 1996, thawj cov khoom ntawm lub complex tau raug xa mus rau cov neeg siv khoom, thiab thaum kawg ntawm tib lub xyoo, kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav ntawm kev ua kom lub nkoj tua INS Delhi nrog X-35 missiles. Yav tom ntej, ob peb lub nkoj Indian ntxiv tau txais riam phom zoo sib xws.

Nyob rau xyoo 2000s, qhov xwm txheej nrog nyiaj txiag ntawm Pawg Tub Rog tau hloov mus rau qhov zoo dua. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, los ntawm 2003, Uran complex nrog Kh-35 missile thaum kawg tau ua tiav thiab tau txais los ntawm Russia.

Pob

Hais txog tib lub sijhawm uas Uran tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog Naval Forces, kev txhim kho Bal coastal missile system, uas tseem ua haujlwm nrog Kh-35 missile, tau ua tiav. Cov dej num ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv complex suav nrog saib xyuas thaj chaw dej thiab tiv thaiv txhua yam ntawm cov chaw naval. Ua tsaug rau ntau lub peev xwm, Bal complex tshawb pom thiab tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab nkoj hauv lub sijhawm. Lub siab txav ntawm txoj haujlwm yog vim qhov tseeb tias nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog tsim los ntawm tus kheej-propelled. tsheb tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm MAZ-7930. Lub complex tuaj yeem xa mus rau qhov deb li ntawm 10 km ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv. Nws tag nrho cov mos txwv load yog 64 missiles.

Missile complex "Uranus" nrog missile Kh-35
Missile complex "Uranus" nrog missile Kh-35

aviation version

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-2000s, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm aviation version ntawm Kh-35 missile tau ua tiav. Rau cov nyoob hoom qav taub, ib qho kev hloov kho cais nrog qhov ntsuas "B" tau thov. Nws qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog qhov muaj qhov pib accelerator. Nws tau tsim los coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov qis qis ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub. Lub foob pob hluav taws tso tawm los ntawm lub dav hlau tsis xav tau lub zog ntxiv.

Compact version

Nyob rau xyoo 2011, lub foob pob hluav taws rau X-35 tau tsim, zais ua lub thawv 20-ko taw. Plaub lub thawv thauj thiab tso tawm nrog cov cuaj luaj thiab tag nrho cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau kev tswj tau raug ntsia sab hauv. Qhov kev cia siab ntawm qhov project no tseem tsis tau paub.

X-35U

Kev txhim kho ntawm X-35 foob pob hluav taws yog cov qauv ntawm X-35U, uas, ua tsaug rau kev qhia txog cov cuab yeej tshiab, muaj ob zaug qhov ceev. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav cov yeeb ncuab los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 260 km. Tag nrho cov no tau ua tiav ua tsaug rau lub cav tshiab thiab rov tsim kho cua nkag duct, uas tso cai rau koj kom muaj peev xwm roj ntxiv.

Hauv xyoo 2009, ib qho kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm X-35U tau yug los, uas tau txais qhov ntsuas ntxiv "E". Nws yog npaj rau kev muag khoom txawv teb chaws. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov project yog cov kev taw qhia tshiab, uas nce lub hom phiaj nrhiav kom tau mus txog 50 mais.

Rocket X-35: yam ntxwv
Rocket X-35: yam ntxwv

Users

Tam sim no, lub missile Kh-35, cov yam ntxwv ntawm peb tau tshuaj xyuas niaj hnub no, yog siv feem ntau hauv cov tub rog ntawm Russia, Is Nrias teb thiab Nyab Laj. Txog tam sim nolub sij hawm, ob peb puas xws missiles twb tau tsim. Raws li rau cov neeg siv khoom txawv teb chaws, lawv nyiam tshaj plaws hauv nkoj-raws li txoj haujlwm. Uranus aviation missile system nrog X-35 missile tseem tsis tau xav tau ntawm cov teb chaws xa tawm. Raws li qee qhov chaw txawv teb chaws, Lavxias missile tau theej los ntawm North Kauslim cov neeg tsim qauv. Yog tias qhov no muaj tseeb, ces nws muaj peev xwm ua tau tias DPRK tseem tab tom ua cov foob pob hluav taws rau muag, uas txhais tau hais tias ntau lub xeev tuaj yeem ua tub rog nrog lawv dua li paub tseeb.

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