Foob pob hluav taws "Harpoon": cov lus qhia thiab cov duab
Foob pob hluav taws "Harpoon": cov lus qhia thiab cov duab

Video: Foob pob hluav taws "Harpoon": cov lus qhia thiab cov duab

Video: Foob pob hluav taws
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Anonim

Lub foob pob hluav taws Harpoon tau tsim los ntawm McDonald Douglas rov qab rau xyoo 1970s. Cov ntaub ntawv tsim qauv tau muab rau plaub lub qauv ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws no: rau cov nkoj, submarines, dav hlau thiab cov neeg tiv thaiv ntug hiav txwv. Qhov kev hloov kho yooj yim yog RGM-84A. Lawv thawj zaug tau txais kev pabcuam hauv xyoo 1976. Xav txog cov yam ntxwv, nta thiab kev siv ntawm cov mos txwv no.

Anti-nkoj missile "Harpoon"
Anti-nkoj missile "Harpoon"

Ntse

Lub Harpoon missile tau tsim raws li lub tswv yim aerodynamic ib txwm, nruab nrog kev teeb tsa modular nrog lub cev thoob ntiaj teb. Tus tsim kuj muaj xws li ib tug ntoo khaub lig-zoo li tus folding tis thiab plaub kauj ntsiab. Lub tis trapezoidal muaj qhov tseem ceeb cheb ntawm ntug kev, thiab nws cov consoles hloov pauv tau tsau rau ntawm lub cev roj tank.

Kev xa tawm ntawm cov mos txwv txiav txim siab yog ua raws li cov kabmob lossis hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke (siv rau qhov ntau ntawm lub hom phiaj). Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob, kev ua kom HOS tau ua thaum lub sijhawm teem los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj, ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ua tau mus rau lub hom phiaj. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo tau qhov RCC nrhiav pom thiab lub sijhawmtuaj yeem cuam tshuam. Txhawm rau tshawb nrhiav ib yam khoom, radar scanning sectors ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv yog siv.

Kev taw qhia

txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm Harpoon missile, ntau qib ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas yog siv los tshawb nrhiav lub hom phiaj. Pib los ntawm qhov tsawg tshaj plaws sector. Yog tias tsis pom lub hom phiaj, ces lawv hloov mus rau qhov chaw loj dua. Cov kev ua zoo li no rov ua dua kom txog thaum lub hom phiaj raug ntes thiab ntes tau. Lub kaw lus nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tsis muaj kev xaiv xaiv, yog li ntawd, cov mos txwv hits thawj lub hom phiaj raug ntes.

Launch ntawm anti-ship missile "Harpoon"
Launch ntawm anti-ship missile "Harpoon"

Yog hais tias tua siv cov bearings, kev taw qhia yog qhib rau ntawm ib qho kev ncua deb xws li tsis txhob ntaus lub nkoj random lossis nws qhov sib npaug. Thaum ua kev tawm tsam ntawm ib pawg khoom, nws tau xyaum tig lub taub hau nrog kev tawm ntawm lub sijhawm, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hla qee cov khoom siv ntab ntab thiab ntaus lwm lub nkoj. SSN muaj lub hom phiaj txav txav, uas txo qis lub hom phiaj ntawm kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo.

Modernization

Lub tuam txhab ua tiav thawj cov qauv ntawm Harpoon tiv thaiv nkoj, tsim kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm C1 hom, cov khoom xa tuaj txuas ntxiv mus txog rau nruab nrab xyoo 1980. Xyoo 1985, cov qauv tom ntej ntawm tsev neeg nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab. tshwm sim. Thaum pib, nws tau tsim los rau thaj av tiv thaiv submarine complex. Ntawm cov kev nrhav tshiab - lub cim xeeb ntaus ntawv nrog lub cim xeeb nce ob zaug, qhov tshwm sim ntawm peb cov ntsiab lus siv rau ntawm txoj kev,muaj peev xwm hloov lub davhlau ntawm qhov siab qis.

Ua tsaug rau qhov kev hloov pauv tsim, cov mos txwv thauj khoom tau dhau los siv rau hauv cov dej kaw thiab ib ncig ntawm cov Islands tuaj. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm zais qhov tseeb kev taw qhia ntawm kev tawm tsam, uas ua kom lub ntsej muag ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom thiab lav lub peev xwm los tawm tsam cov khoom los ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv. Ntawm qhov kev hloov kho ntawm RCC, tus neeg nrhiav kev txhim kho nrog kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam zoo dua yog muab. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim lub radar soj ntsuam system tsis nres. Xyoo 1986, digital signal nyeem thev naus laus zis kuj tau nkag mus rau ntau lawm.

Version C thiab D siv roj nrog ntau zog siv. Rau qhov no, nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb thiab hloov pauv mus rau chav tsev propulsion. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov dav dav dav dav tau nce 15-20%. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, cov roj tau teev tseg tau los ua lub hauv paus rau cov qauv tsim tshiab. Hais txog software, kuj muaj cov kauj ruam los hloov kho.

American anti-nkoj missile "Harpoon"
American anti-nkoj missile "Harpoon"

Launchers

Rau cov nkoj ntog nrog cov foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv nkoj, Tebchaws Meskas ("Harpoon") tau tsim lub teeb yuag tshwj xeeb (PU) lub thawv teeb tsa Mk141. Nws tsim muaj xws li ib tug aluminium alloy thav duab, uas txog li plaub fiberglass tso ntim tau muab tso rau ntawm ib lub kaum ntse ntse. Lawv yog tsim rau 15 volleys. Cov ntsiab lus raug kaw, tswj kev tswj hwm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov mos txwv khaws cia rau hauv lawv tsis xav tau kev saib xyuas ntxivthiab ib txwm ceeb toom.

Ntxiv mus, Harpoon missiles tuaj yeem tsim tawm los ntawm Mk112 thiab 13 ("Tartar") launchers. Yog tias qhov kev tso tawm yog nqa tawm los ntawm lub raj torpedo, chav sib ntaus sib tua tau muab tso rau hauv lub thawv ntim ntim, uas yog ua los ntawm txhuas thiab fiberglass. Nyob rau hauv lub "tail" ntawm lub installation yog ib tug ntsug keel thiab ib tug khub ntawm folding stabilizers. Tom qab nqa, ntu ntu thiab lub qhov ntswg ncaj ncaj raug rho tawm, tom qab ntawd lub foob pob hluav taws pib lub cav pib.

Rocket launch "Harpoon"
Rocket launch "Harpoon"

aviation version

Lub dav hlau teeb tsa ntawm Harpoon missile (Tebchaws USA) tau sib xws nrog ntau qhov kev hloov kho ntawm NATO cov dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua. Lub tso tawm tuaj yeem ua tau nyob rau hauv ntau hom kev ceev thiab ntawm qhov sib txawv high- altitude flights. Thaum cov cab kuj thiab lub taub hau sib cais, cov cuaj luaj stabilizes ntawm lub suab thiab yob. Nws qhov kev poob qis tshwm sim nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm 33 degrees. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no tau ua tiav kom txog thaum lub teeb liab ntawm qhov taw qhia tshwj xeeb txog kev ncav cuag qhov siab qhov siab yuav tsum tau muab.

Tom qab ntawd, lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau qhib (hauv hom tsis siv neeg). Thaum lub warheads tau pib los ntawm lub dav hlau Orion thiab Viking, uas yog tsim los ya ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj thiab nyob rau hauv qis speeds, lub marching power unit yog launched thaum tseem nyob rau hauv lub pylon.

American foob pob ua ntxaij "Harpoon"
American foob pob ua ntxaij "Harpoon"

Coastal Launchers

Lub complex ntawm ntug hiav txwv dej tiv thaiv nkoj cruise missiles "Harpoon" tau teeb tsa rau plaub lub tsheb laij teb tshwj xeeb. Ob lub PUs muab tso rau ntawm ob lub tshuablub teeb version, thiab ntawm ob khub - spare mos txwv ntim ntim thiab ib chav tswj. Rau kev teeb tsa hauv av, ntau lub tsheb tau siv, uas pab txhawb kev ua tiav ntawm SCRC detachments. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam kev sib txuas lus, kev tshawb nrhiav, navigation thiab tswj cov khoom siv tau.

Cov kab tswj hwm tau muab tso rau ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom suav txog kev taw qhia rau kev taw qhia thiab ua kom GOS, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv tau txais txog lub hom phiaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus no muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, suav cov kev taw qhia kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom, ua ntej kev tshaj tawm, thiab hloov cov teeb liab hluav taws xob los tua cov cuaj luaj. Kev tsim cov txheej txheem zoo li no qhia txog kev teeb tsa ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm ntau tus neeg nqa khoom nrog kev sib sau ua ke ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab thiab uas twb muaj lawm.

Yees duab ntawm Harpoon anti-ship missile hauv davhlau
Yees duab ntawm Harpoon anti-ship missile hauv davhlau

yam ntxwv ntawm "Harpoon" missile

Parameters RGM-84A/B RGM-84C/O RGM-84D2 RGM-84E
Length with accelerator (mm) 4570 4570 5180 5230
Ntev yam tsis muaj accelerator (mm) 3840 3840 4440 4490
Diameter (mm) 340 340 340 340
Wing span (mm) 910 910 910 910
Pib luj (t) 0, 667 0, 667 0, 742 0, 765
Ntau yam tsawg kawg (km) 13 13 13 13
mus rau qhov siab tshaj (km) 120 150 280 150
Kev nrawm ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj deb (M tus lej) 0, 85 0, 85 0, 85 0, 85
Kev taw qhia ntawm thaj chaw lub peb hlis ntuj Inertia Inertia Inertia Inertia nrog NAVSTAR kho
Tib yam ntawm theem tiav radar - - Kev ntsuas cua sov nrog telecontroller

Kev sim thiab siv kev sib ntaus sib tua

Thawj qhov kev siv Harpoon missile tau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm sim ua haujlwm. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, qhov projectile no kuj tau koom nrog. Raws li Asmeskas cov kws tshaj lij, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau ua lub teeb dav hlau thauj khoom, tsib Harpoons yuav xav tau lub hom phiaj ntaus. Ib lub mos txwv muaj peev xwm ua rau nruab nrab lub nkoj me me lossis lub nkoj.

Lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1986, cov mos txwv no tau rhuav tshem ob lub nkoj saib xyuas Libyan. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov chaw pib mus rau lub hom phiaj tsuas yog 11 mais. Tom qab ntaus ob lub foob pob hluav taws, lub nkoj poob hauv 15 feeb. Lub nkoj thib ob tau poob los ntawm kev hloov kho pib los ntawm Intruder attack aircraft. Tag nrho cov neeg coob, tshwj tsis yog tus thawj coj, tswj kom khiav tawm. Ib teev tom qab ntawd, cov khoom siv tes ua poob.

Rocket Launch System "Harpoon"
Rocket Launch System "Harpoon"

Storm suab puam

Harpoon missiles tau siv tawm tsam Iraqi Navy. Qhov kev ncua deb mus rau lub hom phiaj tsis tshaj 40 kilometers, kev taw qhia tau ua los ntawm cov khoom siv sab nraud. Muaj qee qhov teeb meem nrog rau kev suav cov hom phiaj me me, nrog rau kev ya davhlau ntawm cov khoom qis. Feem ntau cov mos txwv tau tawg, hla lub nkoj, uas txo cov kev sib ntaus sib tua. Txawm li cas los xij, aiming qhov projectile ntawm lub hom phiaj nyob rau theem kawg yog qhov tseeb heev.

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