Cov khoom lag luam hloov pauv yog Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov ntsuas thiab txoj hauv kev kom nrawm

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-02 13:55

Kev paub hauv ntiaj teb yog pov thawj tias kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam wholesale niaj hnub no nyob ntawm cov qauv hauv qab no hauv kev lag luam: kev loj hlob ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv cov tuam txhab loj uas nyob deb ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm cov khoom tiav; nthuav kev tsim khoom rau yav tom ntej, thiab tsis yog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua tiav cov ntawv cog lus yav dhau los; nce qib ntawm cov neeg siv nruab nrab thiab cov neeg tsim khoom; Kev xav tau ntau ntxiv los txiav cov khoom lag luam raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom kawg thiab cov neeg siv nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom lag luam, ntim thiab ntau.

Introduction

Ua ntej saib cov khoom muag thiab kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom lag luam, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los tham txog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv lub koom haum thiab kev coj ua ntxiv ntawm kev lag luam wholesale yog tsim los tsim kom muaj kev sib tw, muab txoj cai los ua lag luam wholesale rau lwm tus neeg thiabCov koom haum raug cai, nrog rau kev txhim kho cov haujlwm, suav nrog kev paub hauv ntiaj teb.

Lub tswv yim ntawm kev hloov kho hom kev lag luam no hais txog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom lag luam wholesale thiab cov ntsiab lus lag luam rau hauv cov tshuab muaj peev xwm muab kev tswj hwm ywj pheej thiab kev kwv yees cov xwm txheej hauv kev lag luam noj; creation ntawm ntau yam khoom lag luam wholesale khoom sib txuas; tshem tawm cov kev cuam tshuam rau kev faib khoom hauv cov lag luam wholesale ntawm cov chaw sib cais lossis cov qauv me me ntawm lub koom haum ntawm cov haujlwm no yeem yeem; tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua ub no ntawm wholesalers; tshem tawm cov kev txwv cuam tshuam txog kev hloov pauv ntawm thaj chaw; tsim cov tuam txhab lag luam wholesale thiab muag khoom.

Thiab tam sim no nws raug nquahu kom txav mus rau cov khoom muag khoom muag. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam wholesale kev ua ub no yog lub koom haum ntawm kev sib txuas lus thiab kev xav ntawm cov khoom lag luam rau ob qho tib si kev lag luam loj thiab cov khw muag khoom. Kev sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev xav tau kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cia peb xav txog qhov teeb meem no kom ntxaws ntxiv.

Cov khoom lag luam khoom lag luam yog dab tsi?

Txo qhov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev muag khoom ntawm cov khoom sib cais nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib txhij acceleration ntawm lawv turnover, raws li txoj cai, ua rau ib tug nce nyob rau hauv profitability ntawm cov qauv. Kev txav ntawm cov khoom lag luam muag khoom, nrog rau kev muag khoom, suav nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev lag luam ntsuas. Nov yog kev hloov pauv.

Hnub no kev hloov pauv tau nkag siab tias yog lub sijhawm ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoomcov khoom los ntawm hnub lawv tau txais mus txog rau hnub lawv muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tab tom tham txog kev nrawm ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom yuav tsum tau yuav. Cov khoom lag luam hloov pauv yog ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov khoom lag luam muag khoom hauv ib lub koom haum kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam lossis ntawm kev lag luam lag luam.

Kev hloov pauv thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov kev hloov pauv yog ib qho ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam ua lag luam tag nrho. Nws tso cai rau koj los ntsuas thiab ntsuas ob qhov ntsuas uas muaj nyob hauv cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Qhov no yog lub sijhawm thiab ceev ntawm kev ncig. Hauv lwm lo lus, koj yuav tsum xam seb nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas rau qee qhov kev hloov pauv. Cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem nthuav tawm ob qho tib si los ntawm cov hnub uas tsim nyog los ua kom tiav ib qho kev hloov pauv, thiab los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom lag luam pom tau rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev lag luam ntawm cov lus qhia tau zoo sib xws, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab.

Nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv tias ntawm no peb tab tom tham txog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nyiaj tau nqis peev hauv cov khoom lag luam muag khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias lub sijhawm uas qee qhov kev hloov pauv tau tshwm sim qhia tau tias cov khoom lag luam yuav raug muag sai npaum li cas thiab sai npaum li cas cov nqi ntawm nws cov khoom lag luam thiab kev xa mus ntxiv yuav raug them rov qab.

Kev nrawm thiab nrawm ntawm kev hloov pauv

Raws li tau hais los saum no, txhawm rautxhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov ceev ntawm kev ncig ntawm cov khoom lag luam, nws kuj yog ib txwm siv los ntsuas qhov ntsuas uas qhia tus lej ntawm kev hloov pauv rau qee lub sijhawm. Turnover nyob rau hauv hnub rau turnover nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ib lub teb chaws kev lag luam piav txog lub sij hawm ntawm ib tug marketable khoom nyob rau hauv kev ncig, txij li thaum lub sij hawm ntawm ntau lawm mus rau lub sij hawm cov khoom yog muag rau cov neeg siv khoom.

Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsom xam ntawm kev hloov pauv, nws tau pom tias yog tias kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nyiaj tau nqis peev hauv cov khoom lag luam lag luam nrawm nrawm los ntawm ib hnub, tus nqi sib npaug ntawm qhov nruab nrab muag ntim ib hnub yog tso tawm los ntawm kev lag luam. cheeb tsam. Niaj hnub no, ob qho tib si kev lag luam thiab lwm yam lag luam ntawm kev lag luam tau ntsib nrog txoj haujlwm ntawm kev teeb tsa nyiaj txiag thiab kev lag luam hauv txoj hauv kev xws li tiv thaiv cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom siv ntau dhau ntawm cov qauv, nrog rau kev ua kom nrawm ntawm cov khoom lag luam. tag nrho cov nyiaj txiag thiab khoom siv.

nrawm thiab sijhawm ncig

Raws li nws tau muab tawm, qhov kev hloov pauv yog lub sijhawm uas cov khoom muag muag hauv tus nqi ntawm nws tus nqi nruab nrab rau lub sijhawm tshaj tawm. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov nrawm thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev ncig ntawm cov khoom lag luam muaj feem cuam tshuam zoo. Hauv qhov no, qhov dependence yog inversely proportional. Txo lub sij hawm thiab maximizing qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom ncig ua si nce qhov ntim ntawm turnover nrog cov khoom me me ntawm cov khoom. Qhov kev npaj no cuam tshuam rau kev txo cov nqi cuam tshuam nrog kev cia khoom lag luam,txo cov khoom poob thiab lwm yam.

Cov khoom lag luam hloov pauv yog qhov ntsuas kev lag luam uas nws raug nquahu kom kawm rau kev lag luam dav dav. Hauv lwm lo lus, ib tus yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov qauv lag luam wholesale kuj nyob rau hauv cov khw muag khoom network uas nws ua haujlwm. Txhawm rau xam qhov ntsuas no hauv cov hnub rau kev lag luam tag nrho, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los faib cov khoom lag luam nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov khw muag khoom thiab cov lag luam wholesale los ntawm qhov tseeb turnover ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khw muag khoom hauv ib hnub, suav nrog kev lag luam me me. -scale lag luam wholesale hom ntawm cov qauv lag luam wholesale.

khoom raws caij nyoog

Thaum txheeb xyuas cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom lag luam, ntxiv rau cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm kev cia khoom tam sim no, nws raug nquahu kom ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov khoom ntawm kev xa khoom ua ntej thiab kev cia khoom raws caij nyoog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias, tib lub sijhawm, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua tiav cov dej num cuam tshuam nrog lawv cov tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog thiab ntim, vim tias tsis muaj cov khoom lag luam no lossis lawv qhov tsis sib xws hauv ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov. cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev muag khoom muag sai li sai tau thaum lub caij pib.

Xav txog kev hloov pauv

Lub sijhawm ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam lossis kev hloov pauv hauv hnub yog txiav txim siab raws li cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom lag luam muag khoom thiab kev lag luam raws li cov qauv hauv qab no:

Rv_dn=(TK _avg D)/(T / Rv) or Rv_dn=TK av_/(T/Obone_),

• Nyob qhov twg_{days - turnover in days;}
• ТЗ_{avg - qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom lag luam muag khoom rau lub sijhawm xav tau (rub.);}
• T / Txog _{one - ib hnub hloov pauv rau tib lub sijhawm (rub.);}
• T / Vol - qhov ntim ntawm kev lag luam rau tib lub sijhawm (rub.)
• D - pes tsawg hnub nyob rau lub sijhawm no.

Raws li cov qauv ntawm lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm lub sijhawm, cov khoom muag raug suav rau lub sijhawm tshuaj ntsuam:

TK _av=(TK₁/2) + TK₂+TK ₃+….+(TK _/2)]/(n-1),

• Qhov twg TK_{avg - qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom lag luam muag khoom rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb (rub.);}
• TK_1, TK _2, TK ₃. TK _{- tus nqi ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov hnub tshwj xeeb ntawm lub sijhawm txheeb xyuas (rubles);}
• n - tus naj npawb ntawm hnub uas tus nqi khoom muag raug coj mus.

Nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv tias qhov kev hloov pauv hauv cov hnub ntawm kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam txog lub sijhawm thaum lub sijhawm cov khoom lag luam muag khoom muag. Hauv lwm lo lus, peb tab tom tham txog cov hnub thaum lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom lag luam muag khoom dhau los.

Xav nrawm nrawm ntawm cov khoom

Kev nrawm ntawm kev ncig ntawm cov khoom lag luam, uas yog, kev hloov pauv ntawm tus lej ntawm kev hloov pauv, tuaj yeem suav los ntawm cov qauv:

V_r=(T / R) /TK_sr or Ob_r=D/V_day,

• Qhov twg Txog_{r - kev hloov pauv hauv tus lej;}
• Days_{days - turnover in days of marketable khoom turnover;}
• ТЗ_{av - qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom lag luam lag luam rau tib lub sijhawm (rubles);}
• D - pes tsawg hnub nyob rau lub sijhawm no.

Kev piav qhia

Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, kev hloov pauv ntawm tus lej ntawm kev hloov pauv qhia txog tus lej ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom lag luam nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv ib lub sijhawm. Muaj kev sib raug zoo heev ntawm kev ceev thiab lub sij hawm ntawm kev ncig ntawm cov khoom, uas yog inversely proportional. Kev nce nrawm thiab txo lub sijhawm ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam suav nrog kev siv lub ntim loj ntawm kev lag luam nrog cov khoom me me. Qhov no ua rau qhov tseeb tias cov khoom lag luam poob qis, thiab cov nqi them paj paj thiab khaws cov khoom lag luam raug txo qis.

Txoj hauv kev nrawm nrawm

Kev hloov pauv yuav tsum nkag siab tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam. Nws acceleration characterizes kev txhim kho ntawm hom kev ua ub no, thiab vice versa. Kev nrawm nrawm ntawm cov khoom lag luam lag luam yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb uas txhua qhov kev faib khoom lag luam ntsib nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus. Lub sijhawm ntev npaum li cas cov khoom lag luam nyob hauv lub tsev khaws khoom, qhov ntau dua tus nqi ntawm nws cov kev saib xyuas. Ib txoj hauv kev rau kev tswj hwm cov khoom lag luam zoo yog kev sib xyaw kom raug ntawm cov khoom lag luam nrog qib siab ntawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau ib hom kev ua ub no, tab sis nrog rau qib qis ntawm kev lag luam, thiabkuj cov khoom nrog qis profitability, tab sis siab turnover.

Yuav ua li cas cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv?

Hauv kev xaus, nws yuav tsim nyog los xav txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev hloov pauv. Ua ntej, muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev thov. Yog tias cov khoom lag luam lag luam lag luam poob qis dua qhov xav tau, kev hloov pauv rau cov khoom lag luam nrawm. Qhov thib ob, nws yog qhov ntim ntawm cov khw muag khoom lag luam turnover. Kev lag luam kev lag luam nrog cov ntim loj ntawm cov khoom lag luam yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj tus lej loj txaus ntawm cov khoom lag luam lag luam thiab kev hloov pauv sai. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub cev, tshuaj thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem ua kom ntev lossis txwv lub sijhawm hloov pauv.