Yuav ua li cas haus luam yeeb qib qis?

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Rau ntau, cov ntsiab lus xws li qib qis lossis qib siab haus luam yeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Thiab qee tus neeg tsis txaus siab rau lo lus nug no, vim lawv tsis paub tias qhov kawg yuav coj cov khoom luam yeeb rau lawv lub qhov ncauj, thiab hu nws lub ntsiab lus "poisonous potion."

Yog li cov kev ntsuas ntsuas rau qhov zoo ntawm kev haus luam yeeb yog dab tsi? Tau kawg, hauv qhov teeb meem ntawm kev txiav txim siab nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb, lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg yog qhov tseem ceeb, uas nyob ntawm ntau yam:

• khoom ntawm cov xim ntsuab ntawm cov luam yeeb (nplooj), uas yog nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab, tau kawg, lub cev;
• txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov cov khoom noj rau hauv lub xeev ntawm crumbs;
• ntim nruj npaum li cas yog cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov khoom ncaj qha hlawv;
• moisture content;
• ntev ntawm ntu npaj rau kev haus luam yeeb;
• nrawm thiab ntev ntawm puff thaum haus luam yeeb.

Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov nplooj luam yeeb

Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov xim ntsuab ntawm kev haus luam yeeb yog txiav txim siab los ntawm:

• nicotine;
• resin;
• ash;
• nitrogen;
• proteins;
• bases (free);
• carbs;
• ammonia;
• acids (organic);
• roj (tseem ceeb);
• phenols.

Paub txog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab lawv qhov piv ntawm cov xim ntsuab ntawm cov luam yeeb, koj tuaj yeem tau txais daim duab tiav ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov pa luam yeeb, nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom noj nws tus kheej, uas yog, kos duab. Cov lus xaus: Cov luam yeeb yog qib qis lossis siab thiab, yog li ntawd, cov khoom haus luam yeeb zoo ua los ntawm nws.

Tobacco properties

Dab tsi suav nrog hauv lub tswv yim ntawm cov khoom ntawm luam yeeb? Nov yog cov hauv qab no:

• nws saj li cas;
• dab tsi yog qib ntawm kev ntse: khaus ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa qhia tias nws muaj (cov tshuaj nitrogenous ua rau muaj kev xav zoo sib xws);
• yuav ua li cas muaj zog (physiologically thiab saj);
• txawm yog tus ntxhiab tsw qab los tsis zoo.

Tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev haus luam yeeb

Lub tswv yim ntawm saj suav nrog:

• zoo;
• tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg;
• txheej txheem thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov khoom kawg.

Nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm kev tshawb fawb nruj, nws tau raug pov thawj tias lub meej mom ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb uas yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom haus luam yeeb nyob ntawm ob yam:

Kev muaj cov carbohydrates. Lawv cov lej ntau dua (nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 25-27%), qhov siab dua cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev haus luam yeeb. Ib qho zoo "poison potion" muaj li ntawm 10-14% lossis ntau dua soluble carbohydrates; thiab haus luam yeeb qis - hauv 4-5%

Note! Green loj ntawm luam yeeb,muaj ntau cov carbohydrates, nws txawv los ntawm: ib tug kuj lub teeb xim, ib tug heev npaum li cas ntawm nicotine thiab kuj zoo lub cev yam ntxwv ntawm nplooj ntawv. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias cov khoom tsim thaum lub sij hawm combustion ntawm carbohydrates tsis cuam tshuam rau lub aroma los yog saj ntawm luam yeeb. Cov pa luam yeeb muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acidic: qhov no yog ib qho ntxiv hauv kev ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom.

Muaj cov proteins. Yog tias, thaum haus luam yeeb, koj hnov qhov tsis hnov tsw ntawm cov ntaub plaub (los yog nplooj hlawv) thiab iab, ces paub tias cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov muaj cov tshuaj nitrogenous, uas yuav muaj li ntawm 8-21% hauv cov khoom

Qhov tseem ceeb! Nrog cov ntsiab lus protein ntau, cov pa luam yeeb yog alkaline (tsis zoo).

Thiab tam sim no lub ntsiab lus xaus los ntawm cov saum toj no: cov txheej txheem lees paub thoob ntiaj teb rau kev ntsuas cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm kev haus luam yeeb yog UBS (carbohydrate-protein ratio) lossis Schmuck tus lej. Yog lawm, qhov ntsuas no yog, rau qee qhov, muaj xwm txheej, thiab nws yuav tsis cuam tshuam cov duab tseeb yog tias cov khoom siv raw uas tsim nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej loj hlob sib txawv. Tab sis rau cov khoom siv raw tau sau rau hauv ib cheeb tsam, SVR tus nqi yog qhov qhia tau zoo ntawm cov luam yeeb zoo, uas tuaj yeem ntseeg tau tag nrho.

Yuav ua li cas haus luam yeeb qib qis? Raws li cov saum toj no, lo lus teb rau lo lus nug no yog heev yooj yim. Yog tias SVR txawv ntawm 0.01 mus rau 1.0, ces koj muaj cov luam yeeb uas tsis zoo heev.

Note! Cov luam yeeb zoo muaj Schmuck tus lej saum toj 3.0, thaum haus luam yeeb nruab nrab muaj ib qholos ntawm 1.0 mus rau 3.0.

Kev haus luam yeeb lub zog ntawm lub cev

Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog (lub cev nqaij daim tawv) ntawm kev haus luam yeeb, tau kawg, yog ib qho alkaloid li nicotine. Nws ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb (nws excitability) ntawm tus neeg uas tsis tso luam yeeb. Tus nqi ntawm nicotine nyob rau hauv nplooj txawv mus txog 6%, thiab nyob rau hauv ib co ntawm cov khoom luam yeeb nws yog ntau dua. Ntxiv mus, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev muaj zog nyob ntawm seb qhov twg ntawm cov nroj tsuag nplooj tau sau los ntawm: los ntawm sab saum toj (ntau alkaloid) los yog hauv qab (tsawg alkaloid).

Los ntawm cov nyiaj nicotine, luam yeeb faib:

• Nqis nicotine. Tus nqi ntawm alkaloid tsis ntau tshaj 1%.
• Nrog qhov nruab nrab cov ntsiab lus nicotine - txog li 2%.
• Cov ntsiab lus nicotine siab - tshaj 2%.

Tobacco khoom muaj zog (flavor)

Yam khoom twg txiav txim siab lub zog (saj) ntawm cov luam yeeb? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog ammonia thiab acids, uas muaj qee yam cuam tshuam (tsis muaj zog, nruab nrab lossis muaj zog) ntawm cov kab mob ua pa thiab qhov ncauj qhov ncauj ntawm tus neeg haus luam yeeb.

Note! Lub zog siab (gustatory) feem ntau ua rau muaj zog contractions ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub larynx (hnoos) ntawm ib tug spasmodic xwm. Ua tib zoo saib qhov no.

Aromatic khoom

Tau kawg, qhov aroma yog tag nrho cuam tshuam los ntawm ob qho tib si resins (tshwj xeeb cuam tshuam rau cov ntxhiab ntawm cov pa luam yeeb) thiab cov roj yam tseem ceeb (xws li hauv nplooj), cov ntsiab lus uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1.5.%. Cov kws tshaj lij nyiam ntsuas cov tshuaj tsw qab raws li cov hauv qab no:

• Intensities: qaug zog, nruab nrab thiab muaj zog.
• Quality (raws li qib "tsis zoo").

YYuav ua li cas haus luam yeeb qis hu ua?

Qee cov neeg, tsis muaj laj thawj, ntseeg tias shag yog haus luam yeeb qis. Tsis ncaj ncees lawm: tom qab tag nrho, txawm nyob rau hauv cov xim thiab saj nws txawv kiag li. Qhov yuam kev yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias shag yog ib qho kev ywj pheej tag nrho (ntawm tsev neeg nightshade), txawm hais tias nws yog ib tus txheeb ze ze ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb uas paub txog peb txhua tus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog kev haus luam yeeb qis.

Nyob rau xyoo pua 16th, cov nroj tsuag no, cov nplooj thiab cov stems uas tau siv los ua cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab haus luam yeeb, tau tshawb pom los ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj nyob sab Europe hauv South America thiab coj mus rau Russia. Thiab 100 xyoo tom qab, qhov kev tshawb pom no tau siv dav hauv Central thiab Eastern Europe. Thiab txij thaum ntawd los, txog rau thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, shag yeej ib txwm sib tw nrog luam yeeb. Ntxiv mus, tsis tsuas yog cov neeg pluag cov chav kawm haus luam yeeb thiab sniffed nws, tab sis kuj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Upper strata ntawm lub zej zog. Lawv tsis xav tias nws txaj muag los sau ib lub yeeb nkab rau kev sib tham zoo siab. Peb ntseeg tias cov ntaub ntawv no yuav muaj txiaj ntsig rau txhua tus neeg uas ntseeg tias haus luam yeeb qis yog shag.

Nyob hauv kaw

Txhua yam uas tau hais, peb xaus lus: thaum haus luam yeeb, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau saj, aroma, lub zog thiab combustibility (ib txwm los yog txawv txav). Lub aroma ntawm haus luam yeeb yuav qhia tau nyob rau hauv cov lus hauv qab no: qab ntxiag, tsis kaj siab,qaug zog los tsis muaj zog. Saj: stings, irritates los yog tsho loj.

Tam sim no koj paub tias qib qis haus luam yeeb txawv li cas qib siab dua. Thiab tsuas yog koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb cov khoom haus luam yeeb twg siv. Los yog nws puas tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj lawv?