Chemist-technologist: piav qhia ntawm txoj haujlwm, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev cob qhia, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Muaj ntau txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb. Thiab thaum tus neeg nkag mus hauv tsev kawm ntawv tau ntsib cov lus nug ntawm txoj haujlwm twg los xaiv, tsis muaj coob tus neeg paub txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no lossis qhov haujlwm ntawd, thiab feem ntau qhov kev xaiv poob rau hauv qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Tau kawg, peb txhua tus paub tias tus kws kho mob kho, tus kws qhia ntawv qhia, tab sis lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua li cas, piv txwv li, kws kho mob-tshaj tawm? Yuav ua li cas tos ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv uas tau txiav txim siab muab nws lub neej rau txoj hauj lwm no? Txoj hauj lwm "chemist" txhais li cas, qhov kev piav qhia ntawm qhov twg mus kawm raws li ib tug kws tshuaj - koj yuav kawm tag nrho cov no los ntawm peb tsab xov xwm.

History of the profession

Los ntawm txoj kev, cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis tau tshwm sim ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sau ntawv, thiab kev tshawb fawb tshuaj tau ua tiav ntev ua ntej yug ntawm kev vam meej. Kev sim nrog hluav taws yog, tom qab tag nrho, kuj yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb chemical-technological. Tsuas yog nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tib neeg tseem tsis tau paub tias lawv ua li cas.

Thawj qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov hlau thiab lawv cov alloys, raws li koj paub, tau tshwm sim 5 txhiab xyoo dhau los hauv tebchaws Iziv. Thiab lub tswv yim ntawm "chemist" tsuas yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb Askiv Robert Boyle.

Kev piav qhia: kws tshuaj-engineer (chemist-technologist)

Chemistry yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, uas tso cai rau peb nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig peb. Thiab tus kws qhia ntawv, tus kws pab kuaj mob, thiab tus kws tshuaj ntsuam tuaj yeem koom nrog. Tab sis nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav qhia rau koj tias leej twg yog kws tshuaj-technologist.

Kev piav qhia ntawm txoj haujlwm, feem ntau, tuaj yeem txo qhov tseeb tias qhov no yog tus kws tshaj lij uas tsim kho tshiab lossis txhim kho cov txheej txheem qub rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam. Tus kws tshuaj muaj peev xwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov plastics, organic resins, varnishes, xim, roj, tawg, iav, cement, ceramics, thiab lwm yam.

Cov kws tshaj lij uas muaj npe saum toj no tsim cov kev cai thev naus laus zis, uas qhia txog qee qhov ntsuas kub thiab siab, nrog rau muaj peev xwm siv qee yam khoom siv thiab cov catalysts. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis yuav tsum yog kev lag luam ncaj ncees, vim qhov no kuj tseem nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm tus kws tshuaj-technologist.

Txoj Kev Kawm

Kawm lub npe tshwj xeeb yog qhov nyuaj thiab ntev. Chemist-technologist (peb yuav nthuav qhia cov lus piav qhia ntawm txoj haujlwm hauv peb tsab xov xwm), ntxiv rau cov kev qhuab qhia tseem ceeb, xws li cov organic, inorganic, colloidal, lub cev,analytical, thiab lwm yam., kuj yuav tsum kawm txog kev qhuab qhia.

Cov ntaub ntawv kawm ntawm cov tsev kawm qib siab tshwj xeeb kuj suav nrog cov kev qhuab qhia xws li lub zog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, piav qhia txog geometry, cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj, cov txheej txheem tshuaj tswj thiab tsim tsim.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, kev cob qhia yog raws li kev paub txog ob qho kev qhia. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev xyaum nyob rau hauv lub chaw soj nstuam yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau ib tug kws tshuaj-technologist. Tom qab tag nrho, yog tias koj tsis siv sijhawm ntau hauv chav kuaj, nws tsis zoo li tus tub ntxhais kawm yuav dhau los ua tus kws tshaj lij. Yog vim li ntawd thaum lawv kawm lawv siv sijhawm ntau hauv cov chav kawm thiab hauv chav kuaj.

Duties of a chemist-technologist

Kev ua haujlwm hauv lub npe tshwj xeeb yog ua raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau lub luag haujlwm, xws li kev tswj hwm txhua txheej txheem tsim khoom, piv txwv li. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob-tshuaj lom neeg (cov lus piav qhia ntawm txoj haujlwm tau nthuav tawm hauv peb tsab xov xwm) tus kheej kuaj xyuas cov khoom zoo. Nws tau txais ib qho qauv, thiab yog tias muaj qhov tsis xws luag, nws hloov qhov tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.

Ib tug kws ua haujlwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj tswj tsis tau tsuas yog kev tsim khoom, tab sis kuj yog cov neeg ua haujlwm nyob ntawd. Qhov ntawd yog, nws yuav tsum muaj peev xwm sib txuas lus nrog subordinates thiab qhia meej cov ntaub ntawv rau lawv.

Nws kuj xam phaj thiab cob qhia cov tuaj tshiab. Compiles cov ntaub ntawv technical. Ua tswv yim los txhim kho cov khoom zoo thiab txhim kho txoj kev tswj kom zoo.

Kev Ua Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb Zoo

Txhawm rau dhau los ua tus kws tshaj lij tshuaj lom neeg, koj yuav tsum pib muaj ntau yam zoo uas tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab tshaj lij:

1. Tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas yav tom ntej ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb, suav nrog tus kws tshaj lij, yuav tsum muaj kev xav thiab kev txawj ntse.
2. Qhov tshwj xeeb no yog tsim rau cov neeg uas tuaj yeem mloog lawv lub siab thiab muaj lub cim xeeb zoo rau cov lej, cov paib, cov cim.
3. Vim txoj haujlwm no mob siab heev, tus neeg uas tau mob siab rau nws yuav tsum mob siab thiab ua siab ntev. Nws yuav tsum muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv ntawm ntau yam xim thiab muaj qhov hnov tsw zoo heev.
4. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum nkag siab tag nrho nws lub luag haujlwm, vim qee zaum tib neeg lub neej yuav nyob ntawm nws qhov kev txawj ntse thiab kev paub.

Kev tshaj lij ntawm tus kws ua haujlwm tshuaj: qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

Zoo li lwm yam, kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus txheej txheem engineer kuj muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Cov kws tshaj lij suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Txoj haujlwm no nthuav dav heev, thiab txhua hnub rau tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsis zoo li nag hmo. Tshwj tsis yog, tau kawg, peb tab tom tham txog kev lag luam tawm tshiab.
• Nws yog universal thiab tso cai rau koj mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm ntau lawm.
• Tus kws tshuaj kws kho mob tuaj yeem tswj tsis tau tsuas yog cov txheej txheem xwb, tab sis kuj rau tib neeg, yog li qhov tshwj xeeb no tso cai rau koj los ua tus thawj coj ua haujlwm.
• Lub npe tshwj xeeb suav nrog kev tshawb fawb ntxiv thiab sau ntawv Ph. D.

Cons ntawm txoj haujlwm:

• Main rho tawmyog kev tsim kev puas tsuaj. Ntxiv rau qhov raug tshuaj lom neeg, tus kws ua haujlwm tshuaj lom neeg uas nws txoj haujlwm koj tuaj yeem nyeem hauv tsab xov xwm no tau raug lub suab nrov, kev co thiab plua plav txhua hnub.
• Hnub no, qhov tshwj xeeb no, alas, tsis suav tias yog zam thiab tsis zoo li yuav ntxiv qhov tseem ceeb rau koj ntawm lwm tus lub qhov muag.
• Kom tau txais cov nyiaj hli siab rau lawv txoj haujlwm, tus kws tshaj lij tshuaj lom neeg yuav tsum yog thawj tus kws tshaj lij. Thiab yog tias koj nyuam qhuav kawm tsis tau thiab muaj daim ntawv kawm tiav, ces, tau kawg, koj yuav tsis raug tso cai nkag mus rau cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis.
• Thiab, raws li tau hais dhau los, txoj haujlwm no nyuaj thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm heev.

Puas yog txoj haujlwm no xav tau?

Yuav ua li cas yog txoj haujlwm ntawm "chemist", tus kws tshaj lij no ua dab tsi thiab nws lub luag haujlwm yog dab tsi, koj twb paub lawm. Thiab, hmoov tsis, qhov tshwj xeeb piav qhia tsis yog niaj hnub zam, tab sis qhov no tsis tas yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv peb txoj kev lag luam.

Tsuas yog cov neeg uas tsis quav ntsej txog chemistry thiab physics tuaj yeem ua ib kauj ruam zoo li no thiab dhau los ua tus kws tshaj lij tshuaj. Los ntawm txoj kev, txoj haujlwm no yog qhov xav tau ntau heev. Muaj tseeb, muaj qee qhov nuances. Yog li, yog tias koj yog ib tus kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb uas muaj kev paub zoo uas dhau mus dhau qhov kev kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, ces koj yeej yuav tsum tau nyob hauv peb lub teb chaws thiab txawv teb chaws. Tab sis yog tias koj tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb craving hauv chemistry, ces koj tsuas nkim koj lub sijhawm, thiab koj yuav tsis xav tau ntawm cov tswv ntiav haujlwm.

Ntau npaum li castus kws tshuaj tau txais?

Yog tias peb tham txog cov nyiaj hli ntawm tus kws tshaj lij tau piav qhia, peb tuaj yeem hais tias nws tau lees paub tias cov nyiaj hli zoo. Muaj tseeb, nws nyob ntawm ntau yam:

1. Rov. Tseeb tiag, ntawm ib tsob nroj hauv ib lub nroog me, cov nyiaj hli yuav tsis zoo li ntau tshaj 20 txhiab rubles.
2. Kev lag luam cog lus li cas. Piv txwv li, kev lag luam tsim roj thiab roj refining tau txais kev nqis peev thiab txhim kho tas li, yog li ntawd, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm no yuav tau txais nyiaj ntau dua rau lawv txoj haujlwm.
3. Tsis tas li, cov nyiaj hli nyob ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm tsim nyog. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Russia, cov nyiaj hli ntawm ib tug tshuaj technologist nws txawv ntawm 20 mus rau 60 txhiab rubles. Yog hais tias koj npaj mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe yav tom ntej, ces, ntawm chav kawm, nws yog ntau dua nyob rau ntawd, thiab lub profession nws tus kheej yog ntau nyob rau hauv kev thov. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov txiaj ntsig thiab nyiaj txiag them rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau ntxiv rau cov nyiaj them.

Txoj haujlwm tseem muaj contraindications

Tej zaum tsis muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb muaj contraindications. Tab sis txoj hauj lwm ntawm chemical technologist muaj lawv:

• Cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws yuav tsum tsis txhob koom nrog cov haujlwm no.
• Yog tias koj muaj kab mob ua pa ntev, ces koj yuav tsum hloov koj txoj kev npaj rau txoj haujlwm no.
• Kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog tsis muaj tsawg suav tias yog qhov txwv tsis pub rau cov neeg xav tau qhov tshwj xeeb piav qhia.
• Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj - kev ua xua. Allergy cov neeg mob feem ntau muaj kev nkag mus rautxheej txheem khw kaw.

kawm qhov twg?

Yog tias koj nyiam txoj haujlwm "chemist", qhov twg los kawm ua kws tshuaj, peb yuav qhia koj. Yuav luag txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv lub tebchaws tau kawm tiav cov kws tshaj lij hluas no txhua xyoo.

Ua ntej nkag mus, tus kws ua haujlwm yav tom ntej yuav tsum nkag siab txog kev lag luam uas nws xav ua haujlwm. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus, ces nws yuav tsum tau paub txog technology ntawm kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus thiab mus rau qhov tsim nyog tshwj xeeb. Ib qho kev sib txawv kiag li yog metallurgy. Ntawm no cov cuab yeej ntawm kev tau txais hlau los ntawm ore tab tom kawm.

Zaj lus

Raws li lawv hais tias: "Txhua txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb, txhua txoj haujlwm yog xav tau." Kev piav qhia tshwj xeeb tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb rau qhov no. Yog tias koj nyiam chemistry thiab physics, koj yuav tsum paub txog hom kev ua ub no zoo dua. Peb tau hais rau koj hauv ib tsab xov xwm hais txog leej twg yog tus kws ua haujlwm tshuaj - cov lus piav qhia ntawm txoj haujlwm, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo tau txiav txim siab hauv qee qhov nthuav dav - thiab tam sim no peb cia siab tias koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov yog.