Sulfate-resistant Portland cement: GOST, muaj pes tsawg leeg, daim ntawv thov

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Qee tus ntseeg tias cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog thiab cov pob zeb ua vaj tse yog qhov kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws. Tiamsis qhov kev ntseeg no yuam kev lawm. Cov qauv zoo li no raug kev puas tsuaj thiab kev puas tsuaj thaum raug rau qee yam. Qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm Frost, dej hauv av, av deformation, nag thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Kev cawmdim hauv qhov xwm txheej no yog sulfate-resistant cement. Nws yog nrov nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws uas huab cua dictates nws txoj cai rau builders.

hom cement no tau los ntawm crushed clinker, uas yog tov nrog calcium thiab silicate aluminate. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb hauv qhov teeb meem no yog muab rau cov tshuaj. Aluminate, piv txwv li, yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj nyob rau hauv lub ntim ntau tshaj 5%, raws li rau silicate, nws ntim yog 50%. Qhov piv txwv no tsis yog random. Hauv qhov xwm txheej, muaj ntau sulfates uas, thaum sib cuag nrog tricalcium hydroaluminate, ua rau sulfate corrosion. Cov khoom noj muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov hlau.

Daim ntawv thov

Sulfate-resistant cement yog siv rau kev ua vaj tse hauv av thiab hauv qab dej. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb, yog li nws yog resistant rau sab nraud tshuaj thiab tej yam ntuj tso. Cov cement no tiv thaiv cov tshuaj hnyav uas yuav tsum tau siv tsis tau hauv kev tsim kho.

Hauv cov xwm txheej uas cov khoom siv hauv tsev zoo tib yam tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv muaj zog, cov cement tau piav qhia yuav pab tau. Nws muaj ib tug tsawg degree ntawm hardening, uas distinguishes nws los ntawm cov pa cement. Qhov ntom ntom yog qhov tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab qhov ua haujlwm tas mus li.

xeev cov qauv. Ntau yam. Composition

Sulfate-resistant Portland cement tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv thiab tshwm sim:

• Slag Portland cement;
• nrog cov ntxhia ntxiv;
• pozzolanic Portland cement.

Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no tiv taus cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab ntuj tsim. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj cov khoom siv uas tso cai rau koj kom tau txais lub tsev uas tsis raug puas tsuaj vim qhov hloov pauv kub thiab noo noo.

Thaum xaiv sulfate-resistant Portland cement, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, vim qee cov av yuav tsum muaj qee yam khoom siv. Cov lus piav qhia yog tsim los ntawm clinker, silicate thiab calcium aluminate. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm hydraulic qauv. Cov cements yog tsim raws li GOST 22266-2013.

Specifications of SSPTs 400-D0

Sulfate-resistant cement SSPTs 400 DO yog hom Portland cement. Nws yog resistant rau sulfate dej. Txawm tias cov dej hauv av zoo tib yam muaj ntau cov sulfates. Lawv pab txhawb kev puas tsuaj ntawm pob zeb. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov qauv tsim los ntawm sulphate aggression, SSPC yog siv.

Cement yog siv dav hauv kev tsim cov hauv paus, choj kev txhawb nqa nrog qib siab ntawm cov dej hauv av. Nrog rau qee qhov zoo, hom Portland cement no muaj tag nrho cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm PC 400-D0. Qib compressive zog yog hais nyob rau hauv lub cim thiab yog 400 nyob rau 28th hnub. Hardening ceev - ib txwm hardening. Cov khoom no yog ua raws li GOST 22266-94. Lub zog compressive nyob rau hnub thib peb tsis yog tus qauv. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 28 hnub, lub zog compressive yog 39.2 MPa. Lub zog tensile nyob rau hauv khoov rau hnub 28 yog 5.4 MPa. Qhov pib ntawm qhov teeb tsa tshwm sim ntawm 45 feeb, tsis yog ua ntej. Tsis muaj cov ntxhia ntxiv hauv cov cement no.

Cement additives

Cov khoom piav qhia yog tau los ntawm kev sib tsoo clinker ntawm ib txwm muaj cov ntxhia hauv pob zeb thiab gypsum. Ntawm kev muag khoom koj tuaj yeem nrhiav Portland cement nrog cov ntxhia ntxiv hauv daim ntawv ntawm electrothermophosphate slag thiab granulated blast-kuav slag. Cov tshuaj no ntxiv rau hauv ntim ntawm 20% ntawm tag nrho cov huab hwm coj. Active additives tuaj yeem muaj nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 5 mus rau 10%. Xws li cov cement, GOST ntawm cov uas tau hais los saum toj no, muaj qhov tsis tshua muaj alumina modulus, thiabsaturation factor.

Clinker yog siv rau kev tsim khoom, uas tsis muaj ntau tshaj 5% CsA thiab tsis pub tshaj 50% C3S. Tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm C3A thiab C4AF yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 22%. Ntxiv rau cov cement yog C3A thiab C3S. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, cov khoom muaj ib tug txo tshav kub tso tawm, vim hais tias cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug nruab nrab nqi. Ntawm kev muag khoom koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau cov sulfate-resistant ntau yam cim 400. Yog tias muaj cov ntxhia ntxiv, cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem yog 500. Lub zog compressive rau hnub 28 yog 40 MPa, yog tias muaj cov ntxhia ntxiv, cov duab no nce mus txog 50 MPa..

Cov khoom siv no yog siv los tsim cov vaj tse pob zeb, cov qauv hydraulic raug rau cov dej uas muaj sulfate.

Kev txiav txim siab cov cim

Lub tsev cements muaj lawv tus kheej kos npe pom zoo thiab piav qhia hauv SNiLS thiab GOSTs. Cov khoom siv kuj tuaj yeem tsim tau raws li lwm cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm. Yog tias ntawm thawj tsab ntawv sau npe koj pom PC, ces koj muaj Portland cement nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm koj. Portland slag cement yog abbreviated ShPCs. Kom nkag siab tias koj muaj sulfate-resistant Portland cement, koj tuaj yeem sau SPC lossis SSPC.

Thaum cov ntxhia ntxiv muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom, tsab ntawv D tau ntxiv rau cov ntawv luv, ces cov cim zoo li no: SPCD. Sulfate-resistant Portland slag cement yog tsim los ntawm SSSHPTs kos npe. Yog tias koj muaj pozzolanic thiab kev nyuaj siab cement nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm koj, koj yuav pom cov ntawv hauv qab no: PPC thiab NC, feem. Dawb Portland cement thiabwaterproof expanding cements yog tsim los ntawm cov ntawv PCB thiab WRC.

Cement marking thiab decoding yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv khoom. Yog li nws tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom nws xav tau. Tom qab thawj tsab ntawv, cov lej yuav raug qhia, uas nyob rau hauv lub cim zoo li no: ПЦ-500. Qhov no qhia tau tias koj muaj hom 500 cement nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm koj. Lwm cov lej thiab cov ntawv tuaj yeem ua raws li cov cim. Piv txwv li, yog tias muaj cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom ntxiv hauv cov cement, ces koj yuav pom: D0, D5, D20. Qhov no sib raug rau ib feem ntawm 0, 5 lossis 20%.

Quick-hardening cement yog sau los ntawm tsab ntawv B. Plasticizing cement yog PL, hydrophobized cement yog GF. Cov khoom siv nrog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm clinker - H. Thaum kawg ntawm cov cim, cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm tau qhia. Cov no yuav yog cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb lossis cov qauv hauv xeev raws li cov khoom tsim.

YPlasticized thiab hydrophobic Portland cement

Plasticized Portland MAAs txawv ntawm cov cement zoo tib yam hauv nws lub peev xwm los faib kev nce mus rau cov pob zeb thiab cov mortars. Cov nyhuv no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev qhia clinker hauv ntim ntawm 0.25%. Hydrophobizing additive yog sulfide-poov tshuaj mash. Nws kuj ua rau kom cov plasticity ntawm cov cement paste. Cov vaj tse pob zeb nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov cement tau txais cov nyhuv plasticizing, uas tso cai rau txo cov dej-cement piv thiab nce qhov ntom, nrog rau cov dej tsis kam ntawm cov qauv.

Hydrophobic Portland cement yog tsim los ntawm kev qhia clinker hauv tus nqi ntawm 0.1%, asidol, thiab kujhluavtaws fatty acids. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg kuj tseem muaj dej-repellent additives. Cov tshuaj no muaj peev xwm txo tau hygroscopicity, yog li cov cement txawv ntawm cov cement zoo tib yam uas nws tsis deteriorate thaum khaws cia rau hauv cov av noo. Nws tsis crumple thiab khaws nws cov haujlwm. Vim li no, hydrophobic-type sulphate-resistant Portland cement yog pom zoo siv rau hauv thaj chaw uas muaj av noo siab. Cov khoom tseem ceeb muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hardened thiab ua rau lawv cov dej tsis kam, ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv rau sab nraud aggression.

Sulfate-resistant pob zeb

Hnub no, cov pob zeb zoo li no tuaj yeem tau txais ob txoj hauv kev. Thawj qhov yog ntxiv cov cement nrog cov tshuaj hloov kho tshwj xeeb. Qhov thib 2 thev naus laus zis tau nthuav tawm hauv kev npaj cov tshuaj siv sulfate-resistant cement. Txoj kev no yog qhov zoo dua thiab txhim khu kev qha. Tom qab tag nrho, cov cement tau piav saum toj no, GOST uas tau hais hauv tsab xov xwm, muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov khoom ntawm txhua theem ntawm lub neej ntawm cov qauv.

pob zeb ua los ntawm kev siv thawj cov thev naus laus zis tseem yuav raug tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov tsis zoo, tab sis kev tiv thaiv zoo li no tuaj yeem muab piv nrog kev kho cov khau nrog cov dej-tiv taus. Raws li rau cov tshuaj sulfate-resistant, nws yog ib qho analogue ntawm cov khau looj plab hlaub. Qhov txawv ntawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ntawm lwm yam, kuj tseem muaj qhov gradation ntawm compression zog rau hnub 28.

Nyob hauv kaw

Sulfate-resistant Portland cement yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm Portland cement. Nws yog resistant rau sulfate dej. Tom qab tag nrho, txawm tias cov dej hauv av zoo tib yam muaj ntau npaum li cassulfates. Lawv thaum kawg pab txhawb kev puas tsuaj ntawm pob zeb.

txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov vaj tse zoo los ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam zoo li no, siv cov cement tshwj xeeb. Niaj hnub no, nws tau pom nws txoj kev faib thoob plaws hauv kev tsim cov hauv paus thiab kev txhawb nqa choj, uas tau ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej hauv av siab.

Ib qho ntawm nws qhov txiaj ntsig ntxiv yog tias nws tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj dua. Qhov no siv, piv txwv li, rau cov av noo siab, uas tsis muaj clumping thiab caking dhau sijhawm.