Kev Tiv Thaiv Cathodic: Daim Ntawv Thov thiab Cov Qauv

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Corrosion yog tshuaj lom neeg thiab electrochemical cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau nrog nws ib puag ncig, ua rau nws puas tsuaj. Nws ntws ntawm qhov sib txawv ceev, uas tuaj yeem txo qis. Los ntawm cov tswv yim pom zoo, anticorrosive cathodic tiv thaiv ntawm cov qauv hlau nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog hauv av, dej thiab thauj xov xwm yog txaus siab. Sab nrauv ntawm cov kav dej tshwj xeeb yog kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov av thiab cov dej ntws tawm.

Inside corrosion nyob ntawm cov khoom ntawm qhov nruab nrab. Yog tias nws yog cov pa roj, nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si los ntawm cov dej noo thiab cov khoom hnyav: hydrogen sulfide, oxygen, thiab lwm yam.

Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm

Cov khoom ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm electrochemical corrosion yog ib puag ncig, cov hlau thiab qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm lawv. Qhov nruab nrab, uas feem ntau yog cov av noo lossis dej, muaj hluav taws xob zoo. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrochemical tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm nws thiab cov qauv hlau. Yog tias qhov tam sim no yog qhov zoo (anode electrode), cov hlau ions dhau mus rau hauv cov tshuaj ib puag ncig, ua rau cov hlau poob ntau. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua rau corrosion. Nrog rau qhov tsis zoo tam sim no (cathode electrode), cov kev poob no tsis muaj, txij li hauvelectrons raug xa mus rau cov tshuaj. Cov txheej txheem yog siv hauv electroplating rau txheej hlau nrog cov hlau tsis muaj hlau.

Kev tiv thaiv Cathodic corrosion tau tiav thaum muaj peev xwm tsis zoo siv rau cov khoom hlau.

Ua li no, ib qho anode electrode muab tso rau hauv av thiab muaj peev xwm zoo txuas nrog nws los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. Qhov rho tawm yog siv rau cov khoom tiv thaiv. Cathodic-anodic tiv thaiv ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam corrosion ntawm tsuas yog anode electrode. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau hloov ib ntus.

Tsis zoo ntawm electrochemical corrosion

Kev xeb ntawm cov qauv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov dej ntws tawm ntawm lwm lub tshuab. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov khoom lag luam, tab sis ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov qauv nyob ze. Cov dej khib nyiab tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau ntawm cov tsheb hluav taws xob. Lawv hla mus rau lub substation thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov kav dej. Thaum tawm hauv lawv, cov seem anode raug tsim, ua rau khaus corrosion. Rau kev tiv thaiv, kev siv hluav taws xob tso tawm - kev tshem tawm tshwj xeeb ntawm cov dej ntws los ntawm cov kav dej mus rau lawv qhov chaw. Cathodic tiv thaiv cov kav dej tiv thaiv corrosion kuj tseem ua tau ntawm no. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum paub tus nqi ntawm cov stray tam sim no, uas yog ntsuas los ntawm cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb.

Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuas hluav taws xob, xaiv txoj kev tiv thaiv cov kav dej. Kev kho thoob ntiaj teb yog ib txoj hauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev sib cais cov kav dej los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog hauv av siv cov txheej txheej insulating. Cathodic kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kav dej yog hais txog txoj kev nquag.

tiv thaiv cov kav dej

Kev tsim hauv av yog tiv thaiv corrosion yog tias koj txuas qhov rho tawm ntawm DC qhov chaw rau lawv, thiab ntxiv rau cov anode electrodes faus ze rau hauv av. Tam sim no yuav mus rau cov qauv, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm corrosion. Ua li no, kev tiv thaiv cathodic ntawm cov kav dej, tso tsheb hlau luam lossis cov kav dej nyob hauv av tau ua tiav.

Lub anode electrode yuav degrade thiab yuav tsum tau hloov ib ntus. Rau lub tank ntim dej, cov electrodes tau muab tso rau hauv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov kua yuav yog cov electrolyte uas cov tam sim no yuav ntws los ntawm cov anodes mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub thawv. Cov electrodes tswj tau zoo thiab hloov tau yooj yim. Hauv av, qhov no nyuaj dua ua.

khoom siv

Nyob ze cov roj thiab cov kav dej, hauv cov khoom siv cua sov thiab dej uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv cathodic, cov chaw nres tsheb tau teeb tsa los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob nkag mus rau cov khoom. Yog tias lawv muab tso rau sab nraum zoov, lawv qib kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg IP34. Txhua yam tsim nyog rau chav qhuav.

chaw nres tsheb rau cathodic tiv thaiv cov kav dej thiab lwm cov qauv loj muaj peev xwm ntawm 1 txog 10 kW.

Lawv lub zog tsis muaj zog feem ntau nyob ntawm cov hauv qab no:

• resistance ntawm av thiab anode;
• av conductivity;
• tiv thaiv cheeb tsam ntev;
• insulating ua ntawm txheej.

Kev lig kev cai, lub cathodic tiv thaiv converter yog ib qho kev hloov pauv. Tam sim no nws tau raug hloov los ntawm ib qho inverter, uas muaj qhov me me, kev ruaj ntseg tam sim no zoo dua thiab ua haujlwm ntau dua. Hauv thaj chaw tseem ceeb, cov tswj tau raug teeb tsa uas muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tswj hwm tam sim no thiab qhov hluav taws xob, sib npaug kev tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm, thiab lwm yam.

Khoom siv tau nthuav tawm ntawm kev ua lag luam hauv ntau hom. Rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb, tus qauv tsim yog siv los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws.

Power source parameters

Rau kev tiv thaiv corrosion rau hlau, kev tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm yog 0.44 V. Hauv kev xyaum, nws yuav tsum loj dua vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib txuas thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm cov hlau nto. Tus nqi siab tshaj plaws yog 1 V. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm coatings ntawm cov hlau, tam sim no ntawm cov electrodes yog 0.05 mA / m². Yog tias qhov rwb thaiv tsev tsis ua haujlwm, nws nce mus rau 10mA / m ^2.

Kev tiv thaiv Cathodic tau zoo ua ke nrog lwm txoj hauv kev, vim tias siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua. Yog tias muaj cov xim pleev xim rau saum npoo ntawm cov qauv, tsuas yog qhov chaw uas nws tawg tau raug tiv thaiv los ntawm txoj kev electrochemical.

Txoj kev tiv thaiv cathodic

1. Powered by stations or mobile generators.
2. Qhov chaw ntawm anode grounding nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kav dej. Txoj kev tso chaw tuaj yeem muab faib lossis sib xyaw, nrog rau nyob ntawm qhov tob sib txawv.
3. Cov khoom siv anode raug xaiv nrog cov solubility tsawg kom kav ntev li 15 xyoos.
4. Muaj peev xwm tiv thaivcov teb rau txhua lub raj xa dej raug xam. Nws tsis raug tswj xyuas yog tias tsis muaj cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntawm cov qauv.

Gazprom tus qauv yuav tsum muaj rau kev tiv thaiv cathodic

• Kev nqis tes ua thaum tag nrho lub neej ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv.
• tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov.
• Muab qhov chaw nres tsheb hauv cov thawv thaiv lossis hauv ib qho kev tsim tawm ib leeg.
• Anode grounding yog xaiv rau hauv thaj chaw uas muaj hluav taws xob tsawg ntawm cov av.
• Tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov transducer raug xaiv los ua tus lej ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntawm cov kav dej.

Tread Protection

Txoj kev yog ib hom kev tiv thaiv cathodic nrog kev sib txuas ntawm cov electrodes los ntawm cov hlau electronegative ntau dua los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov txawv yog qhov tsis muaj zog. Lub tread absorbs corrosion los ntawm dissolving rau hauv ib puag ncig hluav taws xob conductive.

Nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos lub anode yuav tsum tau hloov raws li nws hnav tawm.

Cov nyhuv ntawm anode nce nrog qhov txo qis hauv nws qhov kev tiv thaiv kev sib cuag nrog qhov nruab nrab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem npog nrog corrosive txheej. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj hauv kev sib cuag hluav taws xob. Los ntawm kev tso cov anode rau hauv cov ntsev sib tov uas dissolves cov khoom siv corrosion, qhov ua tau zoo dua qub.

Tus tiv thaiv lub hwj chim yog txwv. Qhov ntau yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob tsis kam ntawm qhov nruab nrab thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov anode thiab cathode.

Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog siv thaum tsis muaj zog lossis thaum lawv siveconomically impractical. Nws kuj yog qhov tsis zoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov acidic vim qhov siab ntawm cov anodes dissolution. Cov tiv thaiv raug ntsia hauv dej, hauv av lossis hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab. Anodes feem ntau tsis yog ua los ntawm cov hlau ntshiab. Zinc dissolves unevenly, magnesium corrodes sai heev, thiab muaj zog oxide zaj duab xis cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txhuas.

Tread material

Yuav kom cov neeg tiv thaiv kom muaj cov khoom tsim nyog ua tau zoo, lawv yog tsim los ntawm cov alloys nrog cov nram qab no alloying additives.

• Zn + 0.025-0.15% Cd + 0.1-0.5% Al - tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej hauv dej hiav txwv.
• Al + 8% Zn +5% Mg + Cd, In, Gl, Hg, Tl, Mn, Si (feem feem ntawm ib feem pua) - kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv hauv dej hiav txwv.
• Mg + 5-7% Al +2-5% Zn - tiv thaiv cov qauv me hauv av lossis dej nrog ntsev tsawg.

Kev siv tsis raug ntawm qee hom kev tiv thaiv ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo. Magnesium anodes tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom tawg vim yog kev txhim kho ntawm hydrogen embrittlement.

Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev tiv thaiv cathodic nrog kev tiv thaiv corrosion ua kom nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo.

Tiv thaiv kev faib tawm tam sim no tau txhim kho thiab xav tau tsawg dua anodes. Ib qho magnesium anode tiv thaiv cov kav dej bitumen-coated rau 8 km, thiab cov kav dej tsis muaj coated tsuas yog 30 m.

Tiv thaiv lub tsheb lub cev los ntawm corrosion

Yog tias cov txheej txheem tawg lawm, lub thickness ntawm lub tsheb lub cev tuaj yeem txo mus txog 1 hli hauv 5 xyoos, piv txwv li.xeb hla. Kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv yog ib qho tseem ceeb, tab sis ntxiv rau nws, muaj ib txoj hauv kev kom tsis txhob muaj cov txheej txheem corrosion siv cathodic-tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Yog tias koj tig lub cev mus rau hauv cathode, qhov corrosion ntawm hlau nres. Anodes tuaj yeem yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyob ze: hlau daim hlau, lub voj hauv av, lub tsev nres tsheb, qhov chaw ntub dej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev tiv thaiv efficiency nce nrog ib tug nce nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub anodes. Yog hais tias lub anode yog txoj kev nto, ib tug "tail" ntawm metallized roj hmab yog siv los tiv tauj nws. Nws muab tso rau sab nraud ntawm lub log kom cov txaws tau zoo dua. "Tail" cais tawm ntawm lub cev.

Lub roj teeb ntxiv txuas nrog lub anode los ntawm 1 kΩ resistor thiab LED txuas nrog nws. Thaum lub Circuit Court raug kaw los ntawm lub anode, thaum lub minus txuas nrog lub cev, nyob rau hauv ib txwm hom lub LED NW nyuam qhuav noticeably glows. Yog tias nws hlawv ci ntsa iab, ces qhov luv luv tau tshwm sim hauv Circuit Court. Qhov laj thawj yuav tsum pom thiab tshem tawm.

Rau kev tiv thaiv, lub fuse yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv series hauv Circuit Court.

Thaum lub tsheb nyob hauv lub nkas-las, nws txuas nrog lub hauv av anode. Thaum tsav tsheb, kev sib txuas yog ua los ntawm "tus Tsov tus tw".

Zaj lus

Kev tiv thaiv Cathodic yog ib txoj hauv kev los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov kav dej hauv av thiab lwm yam qauv. Tib lub sijhawm, nws qhov kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov kav dej nyob sib ze los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov dej ntws tawm yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.