Mechanical assembly shop: piav qhia, qauv, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Nyob hauv txhua lub khw sib dhos tshuab, tus thawj coj ua tus thawj kws tshaj lij uas saib xyuas kev tsim khoom. Txog niaj hnub no, ntu no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li peb lub hauv paus ntsiab lus rau kev tsim cov khoom. Nws tuaj yeem yog pawg, serial lossis ib qho kev tsim khoom.

Serial production

Yog tias lub khw sib dhos tshuab ua haujlwm raws li qhov chaw tsim khoom loj, qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom lag luam yuav raug tsim tawm ntawm no, uas yuav rov ua dua tom qab qee lub sijhawm. Ib tug feature ntawm ntau lawm nyob rau hauv lub rhiav no yog nws ntau yam khoom. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm no parameter yog ib tug rov ua hauj lwm ntawm tib lub lag luam ntawm qhov chaw ua hauj lwm. Raws li rau cov khoom lag luam uas lub rooj cob qhia ntawm hom no tuaj yeem tsim tau, qhov no suav nrog studs, lub tog raj kheej npog thiab bushings, lever pushers, qhov chaw uas yog pawg txuas txuas.

Txhua qhov chaw uas lub khw serial tshuab tsim tuaj yeem siv los sib sau ua ke xws li cov tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv, cov cuab yeej siv tshuab rauhlau txiav, compressors, twj. Nws yog tsim nyog them sai sai mus rau xws li ib tug technological feature ntawm seem no raws li lub nomenclature, qhov loj ntawm lub manufactured qhov chaw, lub laboriousness ntawm manufacturing txhua feem. Raws li tag nrho cov kev txwv no, cov khoom loj hauv lub tshuab sib dhos lub khw muab faib ua me me, nruab nrab-teev, loj-teev ntau lawm.

Lwm hom kev cob qhia kev tsim khoom

Yog tias peb tham, piv txwv li, txog kev tsim khoom me me, ces hais txog nws cov kev siv thev naus laus zis nws zoo ib yam li ib qho kev tsim khoom. Raws li rau cov cuab yeej siv, universal hom yog siv, nrog rau cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm universal ntsuas. Los ntawm kev mus rau hom kev tsim khoom lag luam, lub khw muag khoom tuaj yeem tsim cov kev ncua, crankshafts, lub tog raj kheej blocks, roj twj thiab roj twj.

Raws li kev tsim khoom ib zaug, nws yog ntau yam khoom, zoo li kev tsim khoom. Siv cov qauv no ntawm kev teeb tsa ib ntu ntawm lub khw sib dhos tshuab, nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov khoom thiab cov khoom sib dhos rau marine diesel xyaw. Ib tug tshwj xeeb feature ntawm no hom ntawm ntau lawm yog ib tug loj ntau yam ntawm cov khoom nrog ib tug me me ntim ntawm ntau lawm. Hauv kev cob qhia ntawm hom no, ob qho tib si universal thiab tshwj xeeb cov cuab yeej siv. Yog tias peb tham txog qhov tsim nyog tsim nyog ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, ces nws yuav tsum yog qhov nruab nrab tsawg kawg nkaus thiaj li ua haujlwm tau zoo.

hom kawg yog kev tsim khoom loj ntawm txhua yam khoom. Txhua yam yooj yim heev ntawm no. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm xws li ib tug tswvyim ntawm kev ua hauj lwm yog kev tso tawmtib yam khoom raws li tib daim duab kos, rau lub sijhawm ntev. Raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, txhua tus ua haujlwm ib lossis ob txoj haujlwm. Raws li cov cuab yeej siv, cov tshuab tshwj xeeb thiab tshwj xeeb yog siv. Qhov kev nyiam tseem ceeb yog muab rau cov tshuab ua haujlwm siab.

Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm

Raws li cov qauv lossis cov khoom sib xyaw, cov ntsiab lus suav nrog 21 ntu. Lub khw sib dhos ua ke kuj muaj xws li cov khw ntxiv xws li kev sib dhos thiab kev sim thiab blanking thiab nias. Tshwj xeeb raws li kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tsim cov kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb tau txais los ua lub hauv paus rau kev txhim kho cov haujlwm.

Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis hauv lub khw sib dhos tshuab suav nrog 114 cov kab ntau lawm thiab cov khoom siv tshuab. Nws kuj siv xya txoj kab tsis siv neeg tag nrho. Ntawm lawv, muaj tsis siv neeg lub tog raj kheej taub hau ua cov kab, piv txwv li.

Cov khoom siv hauv lub khw suav nrog yam tsawg kawg ntawm 2469 cov khoom siv hlau txiav. Txog li 650 lub tshuab ua txawv teb chaws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv hauv paus.

Lub Koom Haum Koom Tes Ua Haujlwm

Hnub no, siv ob lub ntsiab cai rau kev teeb tsa hom kev cob qhia no.

thawj qhov kev xaiv yog kev ywj pheej txhua yam thiab cov khw sib dhos. Qhov thib ob variant ntawm lub koom haum yog lub koom haum mechanical assembly seem. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub koom haum yognta xws li nodal, technical, mix.

Yog tias peb tham txog thawj qhov kos npe, ces nws cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias txhua ntu ntawm lub rooj cob qhia tau muab qee yam ntawm cov khoom uas yog tib hom lossis siv los tsim ib qho. Hauv qhov no, lub koom haum siv cov kev kawm tshwj xeeb. Nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim ntawm cov khoom, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev cob qhia, lub rooj sib dhos nodal kuj tau muab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov ntawm no tias yog tias ib tsob nroj muaj ntau tshaj li ib lub khw sib dhos, ces nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom paub txog kev sib dhos dav dav rau hauv cov qauv. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev teeb tsa kev tsim khoom no tsuas yog ua tau yog tias cov haujlwm ua haujlwm tuaj yeem thauj cov khoom siv uas twb muaj lawm.

Qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog kev npaj ntawm lub xaib raws li thev naus laus zis. Tag nrho cov khoom tsim tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv pawg. Ib pab pawg sib txuas cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom sib xws uas zoo sib xws hauv qhov loj, thiab kuj muaj cov txheej txheem tsim khoom zoo sib xws. Kev siv cov txheej txheem ntawm lub koom haum no tsuas yog cuam tshuam yog tias cov nroj tsuag tau koom nrog cov khoom me me lossis ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom sib dhos. Hauv lwm lo lus, yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem thauj cov khoom siv uas twb muaj lawm.

Qhov kev xaiv kawg yog hom sib xyaw. Txhua yam yooj yim heev ntawm no. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qee qhov kev cob qhia ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus nodal, thaum lwm qhov, piv txwv li, forging thiab foundry, ua haujlwm ntawm kev siv tshuab. Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov lag luam kev lag luam nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov sectors khiav precisely nyob rau hauv no txoj kev.txoj cai.

Cov cim ntawm ntau yam kev cob qhia

Hnub no, muaj plaub yam uas yog lub ntsiab rau kev txiav txim siab seb lub rooj cob qhia puas yog ib hom.

1. thawj thiab lub ntsiab yog, ntawm chav kawm, serial production.
2. Txoj kev tsim khoom thiab cov khoom sib dhos kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.
3. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuab nruab thiab ua haujlwm tseem ceeb.
4. Indirect, tab sis tseem ceeb heev feature yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm machined qhov chaw.

Yog tias peb tham txog kev tsim khoom, ces nws raug txiav txim los ntawm Kc coefficient. Lub serialization coefficient yog tus lej ntawm tus lej ntawm cov haujlwm uas tau ua nyob rau tib qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Yog li, kev tsim khoom me me yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm Kc tus nqi ntawm 20-40. Serial thiab nruab nrab series plots muaj ib tug coefficient ntawm 5-20. Cov loj loj muaj cov coefficient tsuas yog 3-5. Kev tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws, uas yog, ntau lawm, sib txawv hauv Ks los ntawm 1-3.

Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom

Thaum npaj lub khw muag khoom, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog seb cov khoom tsim li cas. Tam sim no, ob txoj kev siv - qhov no yog nyob rau hauv-kab thiab tsis-hauv-line ntau lawm.

Txoj kev ntws yog ib hom kev tsim khoom, uas txhais tau hais tias txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm yuav ua tiav nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm nruj thiab pom zoo ntawm txhua qhov kev cob qhia. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau rov ua dua tom qab ib qholub sij hawm luv nrog lub sij hawm luv luv ntawm lawv. Raws li rau cov chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lawv tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb hom, thiab lawv nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev raws li mus rau lub chav kawm ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis. Kev siv daim ntawv no ntawm lub koom haum ntawm kev tsim khoom pab txhawb rau qhov tseeb tias txhua lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas coj cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev cob qhia mus rau qib siab tshaj plaws yog embodied. Lawm, nyob rau hauv-kab daim ntawv ntawm lub koom haum tau dhau los ua ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv loj-scale thiab loj ntau lawm. Hauv me me lossis ib daim ntawv tsim khoom kuj tseem siv, tab sis tsis tshua muaj.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qhov tseeb tias xws li cov qauv ntawm lub tshuab sib dhos yuav pab ua kom yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom ntws thiab nws cov kev tswj kom ntau li ntau tau. Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias muaj kev nthuav dav siab ntawm qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev txav ntawm cov khoom ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ntxiv tias qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm lub tshuab sib dhos lub khw yog kev ntseeg siab mus rau. tag nrho automation ntawm cov txheej txheem. Cov kab tsis siv neeg tau qhia, cov cuab yeej siv tshuab nrog cov lej software, cov kab uas muaj cov khoom siv nrog kev tswj hwm, nquag siv cov tshuab microprocessor.

Non-threaded organization

Yog tias peb tham txog kev siv hom kev tsim cov koom haum no, feem ntau nws tau pom nyob rau hauv ib qho, me me thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom sib dhos. Nws txawv ntawm qhov kev txav ntawm cov khoom ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw tsis zoo, tab sis koj tuaj yeem ua taukwv yees lawv lub zog hauv lub sijhawm. Qhov no kuj yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev npaj ib daim ntawv uas tsis yog-flow ntawm ntau lawm, yog muab piv nrog ib tug ntws. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv kev txiav txim siab chaotic txav ntawm cov khoom ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los nqa tag nrho cov kev tsim khoom ntws mus rau hauv ib txoj kev thev naus laus zis, qhov twg tib hom units thiab qhov chaw yuav raug tsim.

Lub tswv yim ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Nws yog ib daim ntawv uas qhia txog qhov sib lawv liag ntawm ib feem los ntawm tag nrho cov khw, thiab nyob rau hauv lub khw - los ntawm tag nrho cov kev lag luam technologies. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau qhia rau ntawm daim duab qhia tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv thiab cov qauv siv.

Kev faib cov kev cob qhia los ntawm hom tshuab

Mechanical assembly shop of a machine-building plant, piv txwv li, zoo li lwm yam, tuaj yeem yog hom me, nruab nrab lossis loj. Qhov kev faib tawm no nyob ntawm hom tshuab uas nws siv.

Lub rhiav me me lossis lub teeb pom kev yog cov khoom hnyav txog li 0.2 tons. Qhov nruab nrab, qhov hnyav ntawm cov tshuab nce mus rau ob tons. Cov kev cob qhia hnyav tau muab faib ua peb pawg, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hnyav. Thawj pab pawg yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov cav tov txog li 30 tons. Pab pawg thib ob - 75 tons, pawg thib peb - 250 tons. Ib hom kev cob qhia hnyav tshwj xeeb muaj cov khoom hnyav txog li 500 tons.

Hauv qhov no, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog lub teeb engineering, piv txwv li, qhov hnyav ntawm qhov loj ntawm qhov txwv tsis pub sivnqa tsheb.

Thaum tsim lub khw muag khoom sib dhos rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab nruab nrab, nws yuav tsum siv cov khoom siv xws li nyiaj siv ua haujlwm cranes, pneumatic hoists, conveyors. Thaum teeb tsa lub rooj cob qhia rau kev ua haujlwm hnyav, nws yuav tsum muaj cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm cranes nrog lub peev xwm nqa ntawm 30 txog 250 tons.

khoom seem

Txhua lub koom haum kho tshuab yuav tsum suav nrog cov ntu xws li kev tsim khoom, pabcuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem yuav tsum muaj kev pabcuam thiab chaw pabcuam. Lub hwj chim ntawm lub khw sib dhos tshuab yog nqa tawm siv cov cuab yeej nruab rau hauv qhov chaw pabcuam.

Raws li rau qhov chaw tsim khoom, lawv tau npaj los ua kom haum rau cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev tsim khoom thiab cov khoom sib dhos. Txhua ntu sib xyaw ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov hauj lwm yog to taub raws li cov thawj lub tsev chav tsev ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nyob rau hauv uas lub technology yog ua. PM, uas yog interconnected los ntawm ib lub tsheb, piv txwv li, ib tug conveyor, yuav muab tso rau hauv ib seem. Cov cheeb tsam me me no tau teeb tsa raws li ob lub ntsiab lus: ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim khoom loj lossis loj thiab cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis rau cov khoom me me, ib leeg thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom thiab cov rooj sib txoos.

Lub rooj cob qhia kuj muaj cov koom haum pab. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lawv lub neej yog los xyuas kom meej qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub khw hauv pem teb

Yuav kom lub tuam tsev no ntawm lub tuam txhab muaj peev xwm ua tau ib txwm uanws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog kev tsim cov khoom thiab cov khoom sib dhos, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom cov kev pabcuam txuas nrog rau qhov chaw no ua haujlwm hauv hom qub.

Lub rooj cob qhia no muaj lub chaw ua haujlwm thev naus laus zis, kev npaj thiab faib chaw ua haujlwm, chaw suav nyiaj, kev pabcuam kws kho tsheb, thiab lwm yam. Cov haujlwm ntawm lub chaw haujlwm technical yog raws li hauv qab no.

Ua ntej, lawv tau koom nrog hauv kev suav cov khoom thauj khoom rau lub hli, peb hlis ntuj thiab txhua xyoo. Qhov thib ob, tib lub chaw lis haujlwm tau koom nrog kev qhia txog kev tsim cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis uas tsim los ntawm CDP thiab OGM. Ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub chaw lis haujlwm no yog tswj xyuas kev ua raws li kev qhuab qhia hauv kev cob qhia. Nws npaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub rooj cob qhia, nrog rau kev saib xyuas ntxiv. Koom nrog hauv lub koom haum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev muaj. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, uas muaj nyob rau hauv kev qhia txog kev tswj hwm thiab kev ntsuas, nrog rau cov kev npaj rau kev siv tshuab tshiab.