Lub nyoob hoom qav taub ceev tshaj yog dab tsi? helicopter ceev
Lub nyoob hoom qav taub ceev tshaj yog dab tsi? helicopter ceev

Video: Lub nyoob hoom qav taub ceev tshaj yog dab tsi? helicopter ceev

Video: Lub nyoob hoom qav taub ceev tshaj yog dab tsi? helicopter ceev
Video: Npau Suav li no Txhob coj mus tham qhia luag lwm tus 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Helicopters yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no. Thiab tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov tub rog, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws kev khwv nyiaj txiag: kev thauj mus los ntawm cov khoom, kev thauj neeg mus rau cov khoom nyob deb, qhov twg cov pa tsheb tsis tuaj yeem mus txog. Helicopters kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim kho thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov chaw loj. Thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov lus nug yog qhov nthuav, tab sis lub nyoob hoom qav taub ya nyob qhov twg? Thiab lub helicopters twg yog qhov ceev tshaj?

Ka-50

Lub dav hlau dub Shark tam sim ntawd ntes lub qhov muag. Thiab nyob rau hauv no nws yog pab tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm ib tug txawv txawv tsos, tab sis kuj los ntawm lub rotors. Muaj ob tug ntawm lawv. Thiab lawv yog ua nyob rau hauv ib tug coaxial qauv. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, cov ntsia hlau nyob ib sab saum toj ntawm lwm qhov, thiab lawv cov kev sib hloov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia rov qab.

helicopter ceev
helicopter ceev

Cov tswv yim no tau tso cai rau cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm lub tshuab tso tseg tus Tsov tus tw rotor hauv ntu ntu. Qhov tsis muaj tus Tsov tus tw rotor ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub tsheb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tswv yim ntxaib-ntsia hlau ua kom txo tau thaj tsam ntawm cov cab cab.screws.

Cov tswv yim no tau nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov muaj peev xwm txav mus rau sab thiab rov qab ntawm qhov nrawm mus txog 100 km / h, lub tsheb sib tw tseem muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo aerobatics - "dab tuag" thiab "kev sib ntaus sib tua funnel".

Ntxiv rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm dav hlau uas lub nyoob hoom qav taub muaj, qhov ceev ntawm Black Shark tshaj 400 km / h!

Ka-52

Cov yam ntxwv zoo kawg li no tsis tiv thaiv qhov tseeb tias xyoo 2009 kev tsim khoom ntawm Ka-50 raug txiav tawm. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab zoo li no yog qhov kev thuam ntawm cov txheej txheem ib lub rooj zaum. Raws li Black Shark, nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim nws qhov kev hloov kho ob lub rooj zaum - Ka-52.

nyoob hoom qav taub ya ntawm ceev
nyoob hoom qav taub ya ntawm ceev

qhov kev txiav txim siab no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov khoom siv kho qhov muag-hluav taws xob thiab radar nrhiav tau teeb tsa ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub.

Nws yog los tswj lub complex uas xav tau ib tug thib ob pab neeg coob coob. Rau cov hom phiaj no, lub cockpit ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub tau raug kho dua tshiab. Tam sim no lwm tus neeg ua haujlwm tau pib muab tso rau ntawm ib sab ntawm tus tsav ntawm lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua, thiab tib lub sijhawm, qhov ceev ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub yog 4 npaug siab dua qhov ceev ntawm lub tsheb.

Sib ntaus sib tua nyoob hoom qav taub Mi-28N "Hmo ntuj yos hav zoov"

Kuj nthuav yog qhov sib ntaus sib tua nyoob hoom qav taub, lub npe hu ua "Hmo ntuj Hunter". Qhov no yog qhov niaj hnub nres nyoob hoom qav taub MI-28N.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb uas lub tshuab no muaj peev xwm ntawm:

  • Kev pab hluav taws rau hauv av rog.
  • Sib ntaus tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam.
  • Kev them nyiaj yug hluav taws rau kev tawm tsam huab cua.
  • Kev puas tsuaj ntawm huab cua.
  • Kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub hom phiaj qis-ceev ya tsawg.

Nov yog ib daim ntawv teev cov haujlwm uas lub dav hlau no muaj peev xwm ua tau. Nws qhov ceev tuaj yeem ncav cuag 300 km / h. Lub nkoj nrawm yog 265 km / h.

helicopter ceev ib teev
helicopter ceev ib teev

Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xa tawm, lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua no muaj qhov ntsuas MI-28NE "Hmo ntuj Hunter". Thiab rau txoj haujlwm no, lub nyoob hoom qav taub tau hloov kho tshiab:

  • khoom nrog avionics tshiab.
  • Muaj cov cuab yeej pom kev hmo ntuj.
  • Updated navigation tools.

Qhov hloov kho tshiab dais lub npe Mi-35. Tam sim no nws muaj ib tug tiag tiag revolutionary on-board electronics, uas yog kev koom ua ke rau hauv lub on-board complex avionics-28. Lub hlwb ntawm lub complex yog ob lub tshuab computer "Baguette - 53-15".

Qhov zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej tshiab:

  1. Cov cuab yeej tau nruab nrog ntau lub sensors uas yooj yim rau kev tsav, suav nrog thaum hmo ntuj.
  2. Qhov tshwm sim tau tshwm sim ntawm qhov screen hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsuas ntau yam.
  3. Tso cai rau koj los daws cov haujlwm ntawm kev tsom mus rau nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj thiab nyob rau hauv ntau yam huab cua.

Muaj cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm aerobatic, Mi-28N Hmo Ntuj Saib Xyuas tau suav nrog hauv pab pawg neeg Berkut qhov siab tshaj plaws aerobatic.

Mi-24 helicopter

Mi-24 thaum xub thawj siab ib muag zoo li hnyav thiab clumsy. Tab sis cov ntawd tsis yogtsawg dua qhov dav hlau no tau sim thaum ua tub rog hauv Africa. Tsis tas li nyob rau hauv Afghanistan, lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua no tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm kev ua phem.

Hauv kev siv kev sib ntaus sib tua, qhov no yog lub dav hlau nrawm nrawm. Qhov ceev nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 335 km / h. Nrog ib tug neeg coob ntawm ob, nrog lub ntsiab rotor nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 17.5 m, lub cruising ceev yog 270 km / h. Nrog cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no, Mi-24 tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb raws li ib qho ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nyoob hoom qav taub ceev tshaj plaws.

Nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias lub nyoob hoom qav taub tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam hauv xyoo 1970 thiab ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem ib leeg-rotor. Lub ntsiab rotor yog tsib-hniav, peb-hinged. Thiab lub caj npab yog peb-bladed.

Cov neeg tsim qauv tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm kev muaj sia nyob ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub. Rau qhov no, ntxiv rau booking lub cabin thiab lub cav hoods, yog tias ib qho ntawm lub cav puas lawm, lub cav thib ob tau hloov mus rau hom kev tawm mus.

helicopter ya davhlau ceev
helicopter ya davhlau ceev

Los ntawm 1970 txog 1989, 2570 ntawm cov tshuab no tau tsim tawm ntau.

Dhau li ntawm kev sib tw tub rog hauv Afghanistan, lub dav hlau no tau tswj xyuas nws tus kheej hauv ob qho tib si Chechen tsis sib haum. Thiab kuj tseem nyob hauv zos ob qho tib si hauv CIS (hauv Nagorno-Karabakh thiab South Ossetia) thiab txawv teb chaws. Mi-24s tau koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv Yugoslavia thiab Sierra Leone, qhov chaw uas lawv txaus siab rau qhov tseeb tias lub nyoob hoom qav taub ya ntawm qhov ceev ntawm yuav luag 340 km / h.

Black Hawk

Hais txog kev ceev, Sikorsky UH-60 "Black Hawk" ("Black Hawk") qeeb dua Mi-24.

Xyoo 1976, kev ntsuas ntsuas tau ua tiav, thiab cov tub rogTebchaws Meskas tau xaiv lub tuam txhab Sikorsky los muab cov nyoob hoom qav taub no rau kev pabcuam. $ 83.4 lab tau faib rau kev tsim thawj pawg ntawm 15 lub tsheb ntawm UH-60 Black Hawk series.

Rau lub hauv paus ntawm UH-60, kev tsim tag nrho cov nyoob hoom qav taub rau ntau lub hom phiaj tau pib. Nws kuj tau los ua haujlwm nrog US Army, los hloov lub Bell UH-1 nyoob hoom qav taub. Ntau yam kev hloov kho ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub no tau muab tsis yog rau cov tub rog xav tau xwb, tab sis kuj tau xa tawm mus rau 21 lub teb chaws.

helicopter ceev 240 km / h
helicopter ceev 240 km / h

Davhlau ua haujlwm tau tso cai ua kom lub siab ceev ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub. Nrog rau kev caij nkoj ceev ntawm 282 km / h, qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai ceev ntawm "Hawk" tuaj yeem ncav cuag 361 km / h, suav nrog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub dav hlau nyoob hoom qav taub ntawm 584 km.

"Hawk" tau pom nws daim ntawv thov ob qho tib si hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab hauv kev tshawb nrhiav thiab cawm. Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas Tub Rog, nws yog siv los ua lub nyoob hoom qav taub.

Special helicopters

Tam sim no me me aviation pib tsim nyob rau hauv Russia. Yog li, hauv Vladivostok, Eurocopter AS-350B3e nyoob hoom qav taub tau yuav rau cov kev xav tau ntawm kev kho mob aviation.

Lub tsheb thauj neeg mob huab cua tshiab tau haum nrog:

  • defibrillator;
  • tshuab pa;
  • infusor twj;
  • hluav taws xob aspirator.

tsheb cawm siav tseem muaj cov log tsheb thauj mus los thiab ib lub stretcher.

helicopter ceev 4 zaug
helicopter ceev 4 zaug

Nyoob hoom qav taub nrawm yog 240 km / h thiab tib lub sijhawm nws tuaj yeem ya tau 4 teev ntawm ib lub chaw nres tsheb roj, uas tso cai rau nws mus.kov yeej qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ib kawg mus rau lwm qhov.

WestlandLynx

Lub tebchaws Askiv ua WestlandLynx, lossis Lynx, kuj tau ua cov npe ua lub dav hlau ntau tshaj plaws. Thiab ntawm no nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thaum lub tsheb thawj coj mus rau lub airspace nyob rau hauv 1971, tus qauv ceev yog 260 km / h.

Thiab los ntawm 1986, lub nyoob hoom qav taub tau hloov kho dua tshiab, thaum lub sij hawm lub cav fais fab tau nce 40%, thiab lwm cov hniav tshwj xeeb tau teeb tsa.

lub helicopter ya sai npaum li cas
lub helicopter ya sai npaum li cas

Kev hloov kho tshiab tau txhim kho lub dav hlau dav hlau. Qhov ceev tau nce 1.5 npaug ntawm qhov dhau los. Tam sim no nws daim duab yog 400.9 km / h. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj roj txaus rau 280 km, nrog rau qhov hnyav ntawm 4875 kg.

Nyob rau hauv cov tub rog, lub nyoob hoom qav taub muaj peev xwm ua tau 9 tus neeg tua rog thiab nqa 8 lub xaim-tiv thaiv cov foob pob hluav taws. Lub nyoob hoom qav taub kuj tau nruab nrog 1 x 7, 62 mm Minigun onboard tshuab rab phom ua los ntawm lub qhov rooj phom sij.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa sawv daws.

Niaj hnub nimno qhov tseeb yog qhov kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm kev lag luam nyoob hoom qav taub hauv Lavxias yuav tsum tau hloov pauv kev tsim khoom mus rau thaj chaw ntawm Lavxias Federation.

Yog li, Ukrainian AI-98 fais fab nroj tsuag tau hloov nrog cov qauv hauv tsev TA-14. Tam sim no, kev ua haujlwm tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov kho ntawm Mm-8AMTSh-V nyoob hoom qav taub. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau kev siv lub nyoob hoom qav taub hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav ntawm Arctic. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv cov kev npaj ntawm Lavxias teb sab nyoob hoom qav taub manufacturers los ntawm 2020 nws yog npaj los tuav 20% ntawm kev ua lag luam. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, qhov ceev ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub yog tas li nce. ib teev rotorcraftmuaj peev xwm npog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ib qho chaw nres tsheb roj.

Cov dej num zoo li no los ntawm kev lag luam dav hlau Lavxias yuav tso cai tsis tsuas yog tswj hwm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb hauv kev ua lag luam no, tab sis kuj tseem yuav nthuav dav nws los ntawm kev nce qhov ntau ntawm cov nyoob hoom qav taub tsim.

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