Kev kho cua sov ntawm cov hlau yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov hlau

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Kev kho cua sov steel yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov hlau alloy, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho nws cov khoom siv tau zoo. Niaj hnub no, cov txheej txheem no yog siv los hloov cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom hlau feem ntau.

Kev kho cua sov ntawm cov hlau cuam tshuam nrog kev ua tiav ntawm peb theem:

1. Cua sov cov hlau alloy rau qhov xav tau kub.
2. Steel tuav rau ib lub sijhawm.
3. txias.

Yuav ua li cas rau cov hlau alloy nrog cov txheej txheem no?

Kev kho cua sov muaj cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:

1. Annealing. Cov txheej txheem no tsuas yog siv rau casting, dov thiab forging. Cov txheej txheem no yog tsim nyog los txo cov hardness los yog txo cov kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv welded khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, annealing yog siv los npaj cov qauv hlau rau kev ua haujlwm thermal tom ntej txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov heterogeneity. Txoj kev no suav nrog kev kho cua sov ntawm cov hlau 45, 45X, 40XC, 40XH thiab lwm qib ntawm cov hlau alloy.

2. normalization. Cov txheej txheem no txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem yav dhau los hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm txoj kevcua txias theem. Cov kauj ruam kawg yog ua tom qab nthuav tawm cov ntsiab lus. Hauv qhov no, kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog them rau qhov kub thiab txias. Hauv qhov no, cov hlau tau txais nrog me ntsis, tab sis siab dua hardness. Cov qauv ntawm cov khoom no yog nplua-grained. Yog li, steel normalization yog tsim nyog los kho qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm weld, nrog rau kom tau txais qhov xav tau configuration.

3. tawv. Cov kauj ruam ua cov hlau no yog siv rau forgings, castings, stampings, thiab cov khoom siv los txhim kho lub zog, hardness, corrosion kuj, hnav tsis kam, thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb. Cov txheej txheem no yog cov cua sov ntawm cov hlau alloy mus rau qhov kub siab tshaj, lossis hauv nws qhov kev hloov pauv. Kev nthuav tawm ntawm cov hlau ntawm qhov taw qhia thermal, nrog rau kev ua kom txias tom qab, yog ua tiav, raws li txoj cai, ntawm qhov nrawm dua me ntsis. Rau qhov no, aqueous daws ntawm NaOH ntsev, roj, thiab cua feem ntau yog siv. Yog li, piv txwv li, kev kho cua sov ntawm steel 40x ntawm theem no yog nqa tawm hauv cov roj. Tsis tshua muaj, qhov loj ntawm qhov loj me yog raug rau quenching hauv dej nrog tam sim tom qab qis tempering. Feem ntau, cov khoom lag luam los ntawm hom no ntawm cov hlau alloy mus txog theem no los ntawm cov cua sov uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau. Qhov tshwm sim yog lub siab tawv.

4. Hnub so. Cov txheej txheem no muaj nyob rau hauv cov cua sov hardened steel mus rau ib tug tej yam kub thiab txias. Tom qab ntawd, cov hlau raug raug, nrog rau qhov txias. Cov kauj ruam kawg feem ntau yog ua hauv huab cua.

5. Kev laus. Cov theem no muaj nyob rau hauv kev khaws cov hlau alloy nrog cov qauv metastable rau qee lub sijhawm ntev. Qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua chav tsev kub. Cov txheej txheem no tso cai rau cov qauv hlau hloov pauv mus rau lub xeev ruaj khov dua los ntawm kev hloov nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab lub cev.

6. Kev ua haujlwm txias. Cov kauj ruam no yog kev txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov quench txias uas tau cuam tshuam ntawm chav tsev kub. Qhov ntsuas no rau cov hlau tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Iron alloy applications

Vim cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov steel tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom ua los ntawm ntau qib ntawm hlau alloy, nws yog qhov xav tau zoo hauv txhua qhov kev lag luam. Mechanical engineering, aircraft lub tsev, lub tsev tank, thiab kev tsim cov khoom siv ntxiv dag zog yog tsis muaj kev zam. Cov khoom uas tau dhau los ua kev kho cua sov tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm dynamic nce load thiab kev co. Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li hlau alloys yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm skyscrapers, factories thiab choj.