Kev lag luam yog dab tsi? Nws hom thiab hom

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Ib qho tseem ceeb heev thiab muaj zog cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem keeb kwm feem ntau thiab lub neej hauv zej zog tshwj xeeb - qhov ntawd yog kev lag luam. Cov theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem rau kev ntsuam xyuas cov kab lis kev cai ntawm tib neeg, thiab qhov siab dua, qhov siab dua ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev lag luam ntawm lawv. Qhov no tau lees paub qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev lag luam feem ntau, lossis qhov muaj ntawm lawv nyob rau theem ntawm kev sib pauv thiab qub "chaw cia" ntawm cov haiv neeg qus uas tseem muaj nyob.

Tam sim no yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog lub network ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb uas muaj kev txiav txim siab rau kev sib raug zoo thiab kev nom kev tswv lub neej ntawm lub teb chaws thiab tib neeg.

External trading form

Kev lag luam thaum tus neeg yuav khoom thiab tus muag khoom nyob hauv ntau lub tebchaws, piv txwv li. thaum cov khoom raws li kev muag khoom thiab kev yuav khoom tsiv hla ciam teb ntawm lub xeev, nws yog hu ua kev lag luam txawv teb chaws. Hom kev lag luam no muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev xa tawm, xa tawm thiab kev thauj mus los. Cov khoom lag luam ntawm ob lub teb chaws (thaum muaj peev xwm rau cov khoom hla ciam teb tsuas yog ntawm ob lub teb chaws no) hu ua ntshuam-export. importedCov khoom raug hu ua imported thiab tus neeg muag khoom lub teb chaws yog tus import rau nws, thiab nws cov khoom muag yog exports.

Thaum tus neeg thib peb uas tsis yog tus yuav los sis tus muag khoom cuam tshuam hauv kev lag luam, nws hu ua transiter, thiab kev thauj khoom hla lub tebchaws no hu ua kev thauj mus los.

Internal trading form

Dab tsi yog kev lag luam sab hauv, lub ntsiab lus hais. Nrog rau daim ntawv no, cov khoom tsis hla ciam teb ntawm cov xeev. Tus neeg muag khoom xa cov khoom mus rau tus neeg yuav khoom ntawm tes mus rau tes, i.e. lawv nyob rau tib qhov chaw lossis lub nroog (qhov no yog kev lag luam hauv zos). Tus neeg yuav khoom thiab tus muag khoom tuaj yeem nyob hauv ntau lub nroog, thiab tom qab ntawd cov khoom thauj los ntawm ib cheeb tsam mus rau lwm qhov - qhov no yog kev lag luam mus ntev.

Kev lag luam wholesale thiab muag khoom, nrog rau kev lag luam kev lag luam, yog hom kev lag luam hauv tsev. Kev lag luam kev lag luam yog thawj qhov txuas, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev muag khoom. Thaum muag, muaj qhov hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi, ntawm cov khoom muag mus rau nyiaj txiag.

Retail lag luam

Muag ntim txhais ob hom kev lag luam: lag luam wholesale thiab muag. Yog hais tias, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev muag khoom thiab kev yuav khoom, cov khoom poob ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub tes ntawm cov neeg siv khoom rau nws tus kheej tsis yog lag luam siv, ces qhov kev ua no yog muag khoom. Nws yog ua tau los ntawm kev muag tus kheej hauv khw, ntawm txoj kev, ntawm cov neeg siv khoom hauv tsev lossis hauv xov tooj, xa ntawv, los ntawm lub tshuab muag khoom. Cov lag luam niaj hnub muag cov khoom muag muag muaj ntau hom. Cov no suav nrog cov khw muag khoom tus kheej muag khoom txhua hnub ntawm tus nqi pheej yig.

Muaj cov khw nrog cov khoom xaiv dawb, tab sis qhov kawg kev hloov pauv yog ua nrog kev koom tes ntawm tus neeg muag khoom. Cov nqi hauv cov khw muag khoom zoo li no siab dua, vim. coj mus rau hauv tus account cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm them nyiaj. Kev lag luam kev lag luam tsawg muab cov neeg siv khoom nrog kev pabcuam kws tshaj lij thiab ntau yam kev pabcuam. Piv txwv li, kev yuav khoom ntawm credit thiab muaj peev xwm rov qab tau cov khoom tshiab uas vim qee yam tsis haum tus neeg yuav khoom.

Cov neeg yuav khoom zoo xaiv cov khw muag khoom kim heev nrog kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv khoom. Hauv cov khw muag khoom zoo li no, cov khoom lag luam kim kim tau nthuav tawm. Ntxiv rau cov kev pabcuam qiv nyiaj ntau, cov chaw lag luam no muab cov qhua tuaj noj mov nrog chav so, cafes, tsev noj mov, muab kev pabcuam pub dawb thiab tu cov khoom hauv tsev, thiab lwm yam khoom siv.

Tus nqi thiab cov khw muag khoom

Cov khw muag khoom muag sib txawv ntawm cov nqi. Cov fashionable sawv daws pauv ntawm tus nqi siab dua. Feem ntau muab cov khoom nruab nrab nqi.

Tab sis dab tsi yog kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam ntawm tus nqi luv nqi? Qhov no tsis yog kev kos npe, tsis yog kev muag khoom nrog kev txo nqi, thiab tsis yog kev lag luam hauv cov khoom tsis zoo. Cov no yog cov lag luam ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev lag luam siab. Cov khw muag khoom-warehouses kuj koom nrog kev muag khoom ntawm tus nqi qis ntawm cov khoom loj. Cov khw xws li cov chav ua yeeb yam muag cov catalogs thiab cov npe teev nqi. Muaj ntau hom kev lag luam uas tsis yog khw muag khoom los ntawm kev xa ntawv, xov tooj, lub tshuab muag khoom, kev xa khoom.

khoom ntau

Kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam hauvQhov ntau ntawm cov khoom muab yog hu ua lub tsev loj lossis cov khw muag khoom thiab cov khw tshwj xeeb. Muaj ntau lwm cov lag luam uas muab ntau yam kev muag khoom muag. Qhov no yog los ntawm cov kev pab cuam ntawm cov tsev txhab nyiaj, tsev so, airlines thiab xaus nrog kev zoo nkauj salons thiab tsev neeg. Hauv lub khw muag khoom, cov khoom lag luam sib txawv tau nthuav tawm hauv cov chaw tshwj xeeb.

Supermarket yog kev lag luam kev lag luam rau tus kheej, qhov twg cov khoom ntawm ntau pawg tuaj yeem nthuav tawm raws li cov khoom lag luam. Hauv cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb, cov khoom lag luam ntawm tib hom assortment pawg tau nthuav tawm, tab sis nrog qhov dav dav. Cov no yog cov khw muag khoom rooj tog, khoom siv hauv tsev, khaub ncaws ncaws pob, paj, thiab lwm yam. Tej zaum yuav muaj kev lag luam tshwj xeeb heev. Nyob rau hauv cov khaub ncaws, piv txwv li, qhov no yog lub khw muag khaub ncaws. Kev lag luam wholesale thiab muag khoom yog ua tau nyob rau hauv cov khw muag khoom loj thiab cov chaw lag luam tshwj xeeb.

lag luam wholesale

Yog tias yog vim li cas ntawm kev yuav khoom thiab muag, tus neeg yuav khoom tau txais cov khoom muag los yog siv hauv nws txoj haujlwm, peb tab tom tham txog kev lag luam wholesale. Qhov chaw muag khoom thiab muag ntim ntawm cov lag luam wholesale yog ntau dua li ntawm cov khw muag khoom lag luam.

Cov neeg muag khoom lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev yuav khoom, thauj khoom, khoom lag luam, khoom lag luam, kev sib tham thiab muab kev pabcuam kev lag luam, xaj, kev lag luam, nyiaj txiag, kev tswj hwm.

Muaj ntau pab pawg neeg muag khoom. Thawj yog cov tuam txhab lag luam, cov tsev lag luam, cov hauv paus, cov neeg xa khoom uas tau txais cov tswv cuab ntawm lawv cov khoom thiabua hauj lwm nrog lub voj voog ua haujlwm puv lossis txwv. Cov pab pawg thib ob muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg sawv cev. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg sawv cev yog los pab txhawb kev lag luam, cov neeg ua lag luam - coj tus neeg muag khoom mus rau cov neeg yuav khoom lossis lwm tus, nyob ntawm seb nws tau ntiav neeg ua haujlwm. Lawv raug nqi zog rau cov kev pabcuam no. Pab pawg thib peb yog cov chaw muag khoom lag luam uas tso cai rau cov neeg yuav khoom thiab cov muag khoom ua lag luam ua lag luam yam tsis muaj tus neeg nruab nrab, tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg lag luam ywj pheej.

Kev lag luam

Kev ua lag luam yog ib yam ntawm kev lag luam thiab, txawm li cas los xij ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom, yog ua raws li cov cai thiab raug coj los ntawm cov cai ntawm kev lag luam ntawm lub xeev. Kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam yeej ib txwm ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev muab cov pej xeem nrog cov khoom noj thiab cov khoom tsis yog khoom noj, vim. tus neeg tsim khoom ncaj qha muaj kev nkag tau dawb rau kev lag luam nrog nws cov khoom. Ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam-nyiaj pauv yog tswj hwm los ntawm kev muab khoom thiab kev thov ncaj qha rau ntawm kev ua lag luam. Kev lag luam wholesale thiab muag khoom raug tso cai. Cov xwm txheej tsim nyog rau kev lag luam yog tsim nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam niaj hnub. Cov chaw lag luam raug tsim. Lawv tau nruab nrog cov khoom lag luam thiab kev siv tshuab. Kev ua lag luam yog txoj kev yooj yim thiab luv tshaj plaws ntawm txhua yam thiab ntim ntawm cov khoom ntawm tus nqi pheej yig los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom rau cov neeg siv khoom.