Kev sib txuas mus tas li: txheej txheem thev naus laus zis thiab kev faib tawm

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Docking ntawm cov ntsiab lus thiab cov qauv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg loj: kev sib txuas tau yooj yim thiab ruaj khov. Thawj yog suav nrog cov uas tuaj yeem disassembled yam tsis tau ua txhaum kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov khoom fastening. Cov no yog fasteners nrog txiv ntseej, bolts, studs, screws, tag nrho cov kev sib txuas nrog thiab tsis muaj xov. Ib-thooj yog cov, thaum disassembling uas yuav tsum tau tawg lub fasteners.

Cov no suav nrog: welded, glued, riveted, stitched thiab soldered. detachable thiab non-detachable kev sib txuas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv tej yam lag luam. Hauv qab no peb yuav txiav txim siab txhua yam ntawm ntau yam ntxiv.

Plug txuas

Lawv qhov kev tua muaj nyob rau hauv qhov drilling qhov ntawm ib txoj kab uas hla me ntsis loj dua lub fastener (ntsia hlau los yog ntsia liaj qhov rooj). Qhov no yog ua kom muaj qhov tseeb nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si fastened qhov chaw. Ib qho yuam kev ntawm ib feem ntawm ib millimeter yog them nyiaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom uas muaj ntau tus fasteners. Thaum siv bolts thiab screws rau kev txhim khu kev qha ntawm lawvmuab lub txiv ntoo thiab ntxhua.

Thawj tus yog muab tso rau hauv qhov thib ob rau qhov kev sib txuas tsis muaj zog, nws tsis tso cai rau cov khoom tig. Kuj tseem muaj lub nplhaib lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav uas muaj ob tug hniav ntse. Nrog lawv, nws so tawm ntawm lub workpiece thiab ib feem, yog li tiv thaiv spontaneous unwinding ntawm txiv ntseej.

Screws zawm qhov chaw los ntawm kev txiav cov xov ntawm lawv tus kheej. Thaum siv lawv, cov txiv ntoo thiab cov ntxhua khaub ncaws tsis xav tau. Studs yog siv yog tias lwm qhov txuas nrog rau qhov loj. Nws muaj ib txoj xov ntawm ob qho kawg, ib lub qhov yog drilled nyob rau hauv nws nyob rau hauv lub workpiece ntau tshaj cov xov ntev ntawm lub stud.

kev sib txuas mus tas li

Lawv tuaj hauv:

• welded;
• rivet;
• brazed;
• glutinous.

Cov hom kev sib txuas ib leeg tau pom daim ntawv thov hauv qee qhov chaw ntawm kev tsim khoom. Cia peb xav txog nyias nyias.

vuam

Ib qho sib koom ua ke tau txais los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom ntawm qhov chaw thaum rhuab yog hu ua welded.

Cov pob qij txha tas mus li, welded kom raug, ua tiav lub zog tsim nyog, txuag nqi, thiab qhov hnyav.

Qhov chaw ntawm cov cua sov tuaj yeem yog:

• molten slag;
• gas nplaim;
• hluav taws xob arc;
• plasma;
• laser beam.

Cov hlau yuav tsum tau welded yog hu ua lub hauv paus hlau. Thiab tus uas siv hauv da dej yog muab tub lim.

Ib ntu tacked li no hu ua weld.

Tau txais kev sib txuas mus tas li hauv txoj kev no tuaj yeem yog hom hauv qab no:

• xov welding;
• electric arc phau ntawv;
• tsis siv neeg submerged arc thiab semi-automatic;
• arc.

Cov seam kuj tseem faib ua:

• pob;
• lapped;
• angular;
• tee.

Ib yam ntawm lawv tuaj yeem yog ib sab lossis ob sab.

Lawv muab faib ua ntu zus thiab tsis tu ncua. Kuj tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov duab ntu ntu: ib txwm seam, convex lossis concave.

txiaj ntsig:

1. Tus nqi qis rau qhov kev sib txuas ntawm ib qho, vim qhov yooj yim ntawm cov seam thiab kev siv zog tsawg.
2. Lub cev hnyav piv rau lwm txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm.
3. Tsis tas yuav ua qhov hauv qhov, uas ua rau muaj zog hauv nws ntu.
4. Automation ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam implies nws nruj.

Flaws:

1. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm deformation thiab warping tom qab ua haujlwm, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev ntxhov siab seem.
2. Tshem me ntsis kev co thiab kev poob siab.
3. Kev tswj tsis tau zoo.
4. Cov neeg ua haujlwm uas ua kev sib txuas mus tas li ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm kev vuam yuav tsum raug cob qhia thiab lees paub lawv cov kev tsim nyog.

Txuas hauv txoj kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm kev taw qhiaNtxiv cov hlau nplaum. Ntxiv mus, qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv yuav tsum tsawg dua li cov khoom yuav tsum tau koom nrog. Raws li qhov ntsuas no, cov khoom sib txawv yog qhov txawv:

• tshwj xeeb yog fusible. Lawv qhov xav tau melting point tsuas yog 145 degrees;
• mos lossis fusible. Ua haujlwm kub tsis siab tshaj 450 degrees Celsius;
• nyuaj lossis nruab nrab melting. Lawv cov ntsiab lus melting ntawm 450 txog 600 degrees;
• kub lossis kub kub. Cov hlau zoo li no yaj ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 600 degrees Celsius.

Nyob ntawm cov khoom, lawv muab faib ua:

• tin-lead (PIC);
• tin (PO);
• zinc (PC);
• silver (PSr);
• tooj-zinc (PMC, tooj dag).

Kev ua haujlwm feem ntau yog ua tiav nrog POS qib tin-lead khoom. Raws li txoj cai, lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hlau, ribbons los yog twigs.

Ua ntej soldering, qhov chaw zoo huv si. Yog li ntawd lawv tsis oxidize, tshwj xeeb soldering flux yog siv. Cov tshuaj no tiv thaiv kev tsim cov oxides thiab ntxuav qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm lawv, pab txhawb kev sib kis zoo dua ntawm cov khoom siv. Qee hom flux haum rau qhov kub thiab txias, saum toj no uas nws tsis ua haujlwm thiab kub hnyiab.

Riveting

Cov no yog cov kev sib txuas uas tsim los siv ib feem tshwj xeeb - rivet. Nws muaj qia thiab lub taub hau. Cov txheej txheem ntawm tau txais cov pob qij txha mus tas li tshwm sim vim yog tsim ntawmlwm qhov kawg ntawm ib feem ntawm lub taub hau kaw, nws yog tau los ntawm compressing kawg ntawm tus pas nrig. Xws li ib tug tsim yog kiag li motionless thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib-thooj. Nws tsis muaj peev xwm hloov qhov chaw txheeb ze rau ib leeg.

Siv qhov fastening no rau cov thickness me me, feem ntau yog cov ntaub ntawv, lossis qhov chaw siv qhov kub thiab txias tsis tuaj yeem lees txais vim qhov tuaj yeem deformation ntawm cov khoom. Thaum cov rivets nyob ib sab, lawv tsim ib tug rivet seam.

Cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum sib phim cov khoom ntawm cov khoom fastened, txwv tsis pub electrochemical corrosion yuav tshwm sim vim qhov sib txawv ntawm thermal expansion coefficients. Rivet taub hau yog puag ncig, countersunk, semi-sunk thiab tiaj tus.

Pros

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov sib xyaw no:

1. Muaj peev xwm tiv taus kev co siab thiab kev poob siab, uas yog dhau lub zog ntawm vuam.
2. Siv tau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis welding los yog txheej txheem ntev heev.
3. Tsis muaj daim ntawv thov kub siab thaum koom nrog.

Cons

Ntawm lawv yog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:

1. siv hlau ntau rau kev ua haujlwm tiav.
2. Nyob qhov hnyav ntawm tus qauv.
3. siv zog ua haujlwm siab.
4. Kev tsim khoom ntawm cov txheej txheem qis.

Kom tau txais kev sib txuas ib leeg muaj zog, nws txaus los txuas cov khoom nrog cov nplaum. Qhov kev txiav txim tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim cov ntawv cog lus ntawm qib intermolecular ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke thiab zaj duab xiskua nplaum.

Kev siv txoj kev no tuaj yeem pom hauv cov qauv ua los ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Glue-raws li fastening yog siv txawm nyob rau hauv choj tsev thiab aviation. Lub durability ntawm xws li kev sib txuas thiab nws qhov zoo yuav nyob ntawm qhov kev npaj ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw thiab hom kev thauj khoom uas yuav cuam tshuam rau lawv. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntxuav qhov chaw los ntawm xeb thiab roj stains, tom qab ntawd kho qhov chaw nrog ntawv xuab zeb.

Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov kua nplaum uas yuav raug txiav los yog kev sib hloov load nrog thaj tsam me me. Qhov no yuav ua rau poob ntawm lub zog. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab cov khoom uas raug xa mus rau ib leeg lossis tensile load.

Qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev nplaum:

1. Koj tuaj yeem txuas txhua qhov khoob thiab cov qauv hauv qhov no, tsis hais lawv cov duab, qhov hnyav lossis cov khoom siv li cas.
2. High corrosion resistance.
3. Tightness, uas tso cai rau koj ua haujlwm nrog cov kav dej.
4. Tsis ua rau qhov deformation.
5. Tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab yog tsim.
6. Txhim khu kev ua tau zoo hauv qab vibration loads.
7. Tus nqi qis.
8. Adhesive ib-thooj sib txuas tsis ua rau cov qauv hnyav dua.

Cons:

1. Lub zog qis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv qab rub tawm.
2. Fragile, qee cov nplaum yuav muaj hnub nyoog.
3. Tsawg thermal load peev.
4. Ntau lub tebchaw yuav tsum raug ncua ntev ua ntej siv.
5. Yuav tsum ua raws li kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb.

Txoj kev txuas polyethylene-steel txuas

Ib-thooj polyethylene-steel kev twb kev txuas tau dav siv los koom nrog cov hlau thiab niaj hnub polyethylene kav.

Nws tso cai rau koj kom ceev cov kav dej yas thiab hlau ua ke, nrog rau kev teeb tsa tsim nyog rau cem quav. Txhawm rau ua kom cov qauv tsis tsim nyog, cov kav dej polyethylene tau ua raws li tus qauv siv.

Ib-thooj hlau txuas (PE-steel adapter) yog tau los ntawm kev vuam ib ceg yeeb nkab ntawm cov hlau seem nrog ib qho polyethylene. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem siv los ua cov ntsaws rau hauv cov kav dej thiab cov kav dej ntawm cov tes hauj lwm loj.

Cov yeeb nkab txuas mus tas li yog txuas rau cov kav dej ntawm cov tsev nyob. Koj tuaj yeem pom lawv nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag boiler. Kev siv cov kav dej steel hauv peb lub sijhawm yog nce ntxiv los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm polyethylene analogue. Qhov no yog vim qhov pom tseeb zoo ntawm cov kav dej yas hla cov hlau. Yog li ntawd, lawv tau siv ntau thiab ntau dua. Kev sib txuas ntawm ib-thooj polyethylene-steel yog li ntseeg tau tias nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntau.

Nws yog ntsia ncaj qha rau hauv av yam tsis siv lub qhov dej. Kev teeb tsa yog nqa tawm siv lub pob tw welding lossis thermistor. Ib-thooj polyethylene-steel kev twb kev txuas tuaj yeem nrog lossis tsis muaj lub tes tsho ntxiv. Qhov no ua rau lub adapter muaj peev xwm tiv taus siab thiab ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm 1 MPa. Lub adapter tsis muaj clutch tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hnyav tsis ntau tshaj 0.6MPa. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlau nrog polyethylene tuaj yeem tshwm sim siv cov xov lossis siv ntau yam flanges.

Yog li, peb tau txiav txim siab hom kev sib txuas tseem ceeb, lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.