Soda tshauv - ib qho tseem ceeb reagent rau kev lag luam

Soda tshauv - ib qho tseem ceeb reagent rau kev lag luam
Soda tshauv - ib qho tseem ceeb reagent rau kev lag luam

Video: Soda tshauv - ib qho tseem ceeb reagent rau kev lag luam

Video: Soda tshauv - ib qho tseem ceeb reagent rau kev lag luam
Video: qhov ncauj qhia tau neeg Tus YAM NTXWV thiab TXOJ HMOO 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Soda tshauv nyob rau hauv lub cev qhuav dej yog cov xim tsis muaj xim crystalline hmoov. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv loj ntim feem ntau nyob rau hauv ntsev txaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm av brines, minerals thiab brine nyob rau hauv ntsev reservoirs. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hmoov tshauv muaj nyob rau hauv cov hmoov tshauv ntawm ntau seaweeds.

dej qab zib
dej qab zib

Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no, sodium carbonate (lub npe tshuaj ntawm dej qab zib) yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm ammonia-soda txheej txheem, nyob rau hauv txoj kev ua ntawm nephelines, los ntawm ntuj dej qab zib thiab nyob rau hauv lub carbonization ntawm sodium hydroxide. Tus phooj ywg zoo tshaj plaws yog nws cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv raw.

Cov tshuaj no tau paub rau cov neeg Iyiv thaum ub, uas siv nws ua tshuaj ntxuav tes thiab thaum yaj iav. Nws tau muab rho tawm los ntawm cov dej ntawm cov pas dej ntsev. Thawj thawj zaug, cov dej qab zib dawb huv tau raug cais los ntawm Fab Kis Fab Kis A. L. Duhamel du Monceau. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, lub ntsiab deposits ntawm sodium carbonate yog nyob rau hauv Canada, lub teb chaws USA, Kenya, South Africa, thiab Mexico. Cov pas dej ntsev nto moo tshaj plaws nrog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm dej qab zib tshauv hauv dej yog Searls Island hauv California thiab Natron Island hauv Tanzania.

daim ntawv thov soda tshauv
daim ntawv thov soda tshauv

Nws zoodissolves nyob rau hauv dej, vim hydrolysis ntawm ntsev, cov dej qab zib tov muaj ib tug alkaline cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov tshuaj no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev raw khoom nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj (tsim xim thiab varnishes thiab hluavtaws detergents). Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, dej qab zib yog siv los ua ib feem ntawm cov nqi hauv kev tsim cov iav, tsim cov xab npum thiab lwm yam tshuaj detergents. Soda tshauv yog cov khoom siv raw kom tau txais ntau yam ntsev ntsev (xws li caustic soda). Nws yog siv rau tanning tawv, pulping, neutralization ntawm acidic ntsiab thaum lub sij hawm purification ntawm roj av khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub zog sector, nws ua hauj lwm rau soften cov dej nkag mus rau chav boilers. Soda tshauv pom daim ntawv thov hauv metallurgy. Nyob ntawd, cov cuab yeej no yog siv rau kev ua kom zoo thiab degreasing hlau, ua cov bauxites (raws li cov khoom siv rau txhuas), thiab desulfurizing moj tej tawg-kuav npua hlau. Cov dej qab zib yog muab rau cov neeg siv khoom hauv cov thawv ntim khoom tshwj xeeb xws li Big-Bag, hnyav txog 800 kg, lossis hauv tsib-txheej bituminous lossis laminated hnab (qhov hnyav txog 50 kg). Cov hoppers tshwj xeeb thiab cov nqa dej qab zib yog siv los thauj cov khoom hauv ntau.

dej qab zib
dej qab zib

Soda tshauv kuj siv tau hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Cov tib neeg ib txwm ntsib nws hauv cov khoom noj los yog cov khoom xyaw hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tes lossis cov tshuaj ntxuav dej. Hauv kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus, nws yog lub npe hu ua acidity regulating additive E500, los yog ib tug leavening agent uas tiv thaiv caking thiab lumping. Raws li ib tug detergent, baking soda zoo tshem tawm cov roj. Ua tsaug rau nws lub peev xwm los soften cov dej ntawm nwssiv thaum ntxuav enameled, faience, porcelain lauj kaub tais diav, boiling thiab ntxuav fabrics. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov ntxhua khaub ncaws ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab cov khoom descaling. Soda yog siv los neutralize acidic constituents nyob rau hauv cov dej khib nyiab. Cov tshuaj no muaj kev ua xua thiab khaus khaus, nws cov teebmeem ntawm lub cev yog qhov txaus ntshai heev.

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