Bronze - melting point. Yuav ua li cas cov khoom bronze

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Bronze yog ib qho alloy ntawm tooj liab thiab lwm yam ntxiv, uas feem ntau yog tin, txhuas, txhuas lossis silicon. Raws li qhov feem pua ntawm cov hlau no, tooj liab yuav muaj xim sib txawv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntxiv.

keeb kwm me ntsis

Bronze yeej yog thawj alloy uas noob neej tau pib siv. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 3rd BC. e. craftsmen nquag siv tooj liab rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Qee qib ntawm ore muaj qhov feem pua ntawm cov tin tsis tseem ceeb. Thaum ua cov khoom siv no, tib neeg pom tias cov tooj liab zoo li no yog denser thiab nyuaj dua li cov tooj liab zoo tib yam. Yog li, qhov no tau yug los ntawm lub sijhawm tshiab keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai, uas tam sim no hu ua "Bronze Age". Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv tau coj mus rau qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm tin, uas tau pib tshwj xeeb ntxiv rau tooj liab kom tau txais cov hlau zoo rau kev ua cov cuab yeej thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub.

Bronze metallurgy tau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm ntau qhov kev lag luam uas tib neeg tsis khoom thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Smelting tau maj mam txhim kho, thiab tib neeg pib ua cov pwm tshwj xeeb hauv cov pob zeb uascov khoom sib txawv tuaj yeem nrum ntau zaus. Maj mam, kaw pwm tau tsim, uas ua rau nws ua tau riam phom thiab hniav nyiaj hniav kub nrog complex designs thiab qauv.

Key Features

Kev siv dav ntawm cov khoom siv no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm nws qhov kev ua tau zoo. Bronze yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm cov yam ntxwv xws li:

• siab corrosion kuj;
• zog;
• qib siab ntawm hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity;
• nce hnav tsis kam;
• qis coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam;
• ua haujlwm zoo rau dej hiav txwv, sab nraum zoov thiab ntau yam kev daws teeb meem organic;
• siab ua haujlwm siab;
• easy to handle.

Bronze, nws lub ntsiab lus melting yog li 930-1100 degrees, muaj lub zog zoo thiab ua haujlwm ntev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum piv rau lwm cov alloys zoo sib xws.

Bronze Classification

Txawm hais tias qhov "Bronze Age" tau dhau los ntev, niaj hnub no ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv no. Los ntawm kev muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov alloy tau muab faib ua hom hauv qab no:

• tinless (tsis muaj tin);
• tin.

thawj pab pawg ntxiv nrog rau beryllium, aluminium, lead thiab silicon-zinc hom.

1. Beryllium bronze yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov thiab muaj zog tshaj plaws, uas tshaj cov hlau zoo tshaj plaws hauv nws cov yam ntxwv yooj yim.
2. Silicon-zinc saib hauvLub xeev molten yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov dej ntws siab.
3. Lead bronze yog ib hom hlau uas muaj zog ntxiv thiab ua haujlwm.
4. Aluminium bronze txawv ntawm lwm hom hauv kev tiv thaiv tshuaj lom neeg thiab tsis zoo ib puag ncig cuam tshuam.

Raws li hom thib ob ntawm bronze, hom tin yog nyob deb ntawm ntau tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias lwm hom alloys tshaj nws hauv qee yam ntxwv.

Spheres ntawm kev siv tooj dag

Kev siv cov hlau no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv yooj yim. Feem ntau, ntau yam khoom ntxiv tau ntxiv rau cov tooj liab, uas hloov pauv thiab ntxiv nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus yam ntxwv.

Raws li cov tin subspecies ntawm cov hlau, nws tau siv txij thaum ub los. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov yog ntau yam bronze khoom - hniav nyiaj hniav kub, figurines, khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab lwm yam.

txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho corrosion ntawm cov hlau, npib tsib xee, zinc, phosphorus thiab lwm yam zoo sib xws tau ntxiv rau nws. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv no yog siv los ua txhua yam cuab yeej rau kev taw qhia.

Aluminium thiab silicon-zinc hom feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov khoom kos duab.

Muaj tooj liab hauv tsev

Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, ntau yam khoom tsim los ntawm cov hlau no. Txhawm rau ua kom zoo nkauj lossis khoom siv hauv tsev, koj yuav tsumcoj mus rau hauv tus account yam xws li cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas bronze muaj - lub melting point ntawm cov khoom, thiab lwm yam. Cov nram qab no yuav tsum tau raws li cov pab kiag li lawm:

• crucible;
• forceps;
• charcoal;
• rauv nrog kev txhawb nqa rau qhov ntsuas kub xav tau;
• horn;
• nplua-dawb daim ntawv;
• hook.

txheej txheem txheej txheem

1. cais cov hlau yog muab tso rau hauv lub crucible, thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov cub nws tus kheej. Tom qab ntawd cov cua sov tswj tau raug teeb tsa, thiab cov tooj liab, uas nws lub ntsiab lus melting nyob ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus, pib hloov cov duab.
2. Tom qab ntawd, lub crucible raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cub tawg nrog ib tug nuv, thiab cov hlau nws tus kheej yog nchuav rau hauv pwm npaj.
3. Bronze, uas nws cov ntsiab lus melting yog qhov tsawg, tso cai rau koj los hloov lub qhov cub muffle nrog lub qhov cub autogenous lossis lub tshuab cua tshuab.

Cov kab ke no kuj tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm nrog lwm cov tooj liab alloys. Txij li thaum, piv txwv li, lub melting point ntawm bronze thiab tooj dag yog kwv yees li ntawm ib tug ntau yam - 930-1140 thiab 880-950 degrees, feem.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Kev sib tsoo hlau hauv tsev tsis txhais tau tias nws tuaj yeem ua tau tsuas yog hauv thaj chaw nyob yam tsis muaj kev txwv. Rau casting bronze, koj yuav xav tau ib chav cais uas ua haujlwm raws li kev cob qhia, uas yuav tsum tau nruab nrog txhua yam tsim nyog rau txoj haujlwm no.khoom siv thiab khoom siv tiv thaiv tus kheej. Lub rooj cob qhia yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub tshuab tua hluav taws ua haujlwm, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv tsis tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv chav nws tus kheej.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov bronze melting yog suav hais tias yog qhov mob heev, yog li tag nrho cov kauj ruam tsim nyog ntawm cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tus neeg kawm tiav xwb.

Special Moments

Rau ntau yam khoom siv hlau nyias, tooj dag yuav tsum nyiam vim nws melts yooj yim dua li tooj liab. Raws li cov cuab yeej siv, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv qhov kev taw qhia ntawm ceramic thiab av nplaum crucibles, vim tias lawv tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov hlau no.

Hais txog kev tshem tawm cov khoom qub qub, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem no ib tus yuav tsum tau ceev faj tshwj xeeb, vim nws yuav muaj arsenic.

Koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tus nqi ntawm impurities uas bronze muaj. Lub melting kub ntawm cov khoom, nyob ntawm seb qhov no, yuav txawv ho. Rau cov tin alloy, cov ntsuas yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 900-950 degrees, thaum rau cov tsis-tin alloy, koj xav tau txog 950-1080.

Bronze yog ib qho alloy ntawm tooj liab nrog sib ntxiv ntawm ntau yam hlau tsis muaj hlau. Cov khoom no yog ruaj, nyuaj thiab resistant rau corrosion. Yav dhau los, tooj dag tau siv los ua ntau yam cuab yeej, khoom siv, riam phom, thiab cov duab puab, thiab tam sim no lwm cov hlau ntxiv rau cov hlau no rau cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Li noaluminium bronze yog siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov kav dej thiab cov dav hlau, silicon - hauv kev taw qhia, thiab phosphorus - rau ntau qhov chaw thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.