Dab tsi yog kev tsim khoom lag luam?

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Zoo ib yam li txoj cai lij choj patent nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, thawj "tsim cai" rau qhov kev tsim khoom raug muab tawm. Thawj txoj cai lij choj uas txhawb nqa cov kev sib raug zoo no tau tshwm sim hauv 1812, uas peb tau ntau xyoo ua ntej ntawm Tuam Tshoj, qhov twg txoj cai patent tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv 1984.

Txoj cai lij choj niaj hnub patent ntawm Lavxias Federation yog raws li Tshooj 72 ntawm Txoj Cai Sib Tw. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov cai patent, raws li cov neeg uas tsim cov qauv siv hluav taws xob, kev tsim khoom lossis kev tsim qauv tsim muaj tus kheej, cov cai tshwj xeeb, nrog rau txoj cai tau txais patent lossis them nyiaj rau kev siv.

Ib qho qauv tsim muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm lwm yam khoom ntawm txoj cai patent - ib qho kev tsim khoom lossis cov qauv siv hluav taws xob. Lawv yog cov hauv qab no:

- invention is a solutionkev npaj hauv txhua qhov chaw uas cuam tshuam rau qee yam khoom lossis txoj hauv kev;

- tus qauv siv hluav taws xob kuj yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem, tab sis tsuas yog siv rau cov khoom siv (thiab kev tsim khoom tuaj yeem ua rau hauv thaj teb, piv txwv li, qoob loo);

- tus qauv tsim, piv txwv ntawm uas yog thawj lub raj mis Sprite, yog ob qho tib si tsim thiab kev daws teeb meem. Nws raug lees paub tias yog thawj thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv yog tias cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj, xim sib xyaw ua ke, cov duab lossis kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom tsis paub nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb ua ntej hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev thov tsim.

Raws li txoj cai ntawm peb lub teb chaws, kev tsim qauv tsim tsis tuaj yeem tsim tsis ruaj khov (los ntawm cov khoom ua kua, thiab lwm yam), cov kev daws teeb meem uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nkaus xwb, nrog rau cov khoom vaj tsev (nrog rau tshwj tsis yog cov me), cov tsev nyob ruaj khov ntawm kev lag luam thiab lwm txoj kev npaj.

Yuav kom tau txais ib qho khoom ntawm txoj cai lij choj patent kom lees paub, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom muaj kev tsim qauv, tsim khoom lossis qauv tsim kom raug. Rau cov laj thawj no, koj tuaj yeem thov mus rau Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Lag Luam (Tsoomfwv) lossis hu rau tus kws lij choj patent, uas yog tus paub zoo dua ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kev cai lij choj loj heev thiab nyuaj. Tshwj xeeb, qhov no siv tau rau kev muab tso ua ke ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom.

A patent rau kev tsim kho kev lag luam txhais tau tias, ntxiv rau daim ntawv thov, cov ntaub ntawv xws li kev piav qhia ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim qauv,enumeration ntawm qhov tseem ceeb nta thiab ib txheej ntawm cov duab ntawm cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau them tus nqi rau kev txiav txim siab (tsawg kawg 2100 rubles). Nyob rau hauv lub koom haum, cov qauv npaj yuav raug rau ob qho kev xeem - raug cai thiab tseem ceeb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm thawj zaug, cov khoom yuav raug lees paub lossis tsis lees paub raws li cov qauv tsim. Tom qab ntawd lub xub ntiag los yog tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog originality thiab novelty nyob rau hauv tus qauv yuav raug tsim.

Thaum muaj kev txhim kho zoo ntawm cov xwm txheej, patent raug muab rau kev tsim qauv, thiab nws tus tswv tau txais txoj cai tshwj xeeb rau nws txij li hnub tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv. Rau kev saib xyuas ntawm patent raws cai muaj peev xwm, koj yuav tsum tau them tus nqi, uas nce me ntsis ntawm ib xyoos rau ib xyoos. Piv txwv li, ib tug patent tuav ib tug patent rau peb xyoo yuav tsum them tus nqi ntawm 300 rubles ib xyoo, thiab tom qab 12 xyoo cov nyiaj no yuav nce mus rau 1,200 rubles.