Cov kua nplaum kub-resistant: muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub hom phiaj thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Cov kua nplaum niaj hnub tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, qhov dav, tus nqi, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov cuab yeej zoo li no yuav tsum tau xaiv, suav nrog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tau koom nrog. Rau cov ntaub ntawv kub, piv txwv li, tsuas yog cov nplaum uas tiv taus cua sov yuav tsum tau siv.

Type by composition

Nws tau pom hnub no ntawm kev muag ob qho tib si hluavtaws thiab ntuj kub-resistant kua nplaum. Thawj hom nyiaj, ntawm lwm yam, muaj nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ntau yam additives tsim los muab lawv tshwj xeeb cov khoom:

• moisture resistance;
• frost resistance;
• Yplasticity;
• nrawm nrawm, thiab lwm yam.

Cov kua nplaum zoo li no tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm polymers, monomers, oligomers. Tsis tas li ntawm kev muag khoom niaj hnub no yog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm no ntau yam, ua los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom zoo li no. Cov kua nplaum uas tiv taus cua sov tshaj plaws - hluavtaws - yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj inorganic. Qee yam ntawm cov khoom no tuaj yeem, piv txwv li, tiv taus kub txog 3000 ° C.

Lub ntsiab ntawm cov kua nplaum ntuj yog sodium silicate hauvkua iav kua. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov nyiaj no yuav suav nrog, piv txwv li, fireclay fibers, xuab zeb, ntxhia additives.

Ntau yam los ntawm thaj chaw siv

Cov kua nplaum uas tiv taus cua sov tuaj yeem siv los txuas ntau yam khoom siv. Piv txwv li, muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv cov muag khoom niaj hnub no, tsim los rau gluing lauj kaub tais diav, hlau, ntoo los yog yas Cheebtsam ntawm ntau yam khoom, thiab lwm yam. Tab sis feem ntau cov kua nplaum yog siv niaj hnub no thaum tso qhov cub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qee qhov kev sib xyaw ntawm hom no yog npaj rau kev sib dhos ntawm cov cub tawg thiab cov kav dej ntawm cov khoom siv cua sov. Lwm hom ntawm cov nplaum uas tiv taus cua sov tuaj yeem siv rau cov qhov cub tiling thiab qhov cub.

Lwm hom ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo li no yog tsim los txuas rau saum npoo hlau. Kev sib xyaw ntawm hom no tau sau ua ke hu ua "txias vuam". Thaum xaiv cov txhais tau tias ntawm ntau yam muaj npe, ntawm lwm yam, ib tug yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau cov hom ntawm cov hlau lawv yog npaj rau kev koom. Cov kua nplaum zoo li no tuaj yeem xa mus rau kev lag luam hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob qho tib si kua formulations thiab mastics los yog pastes.

av nplaum nplaum nplaum

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub tsim los rau kev tsim cov qhov cub thiab qhov cub tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub txog li 1000 ° C. Tib lub sijhawm, ib qho ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv yog tias lawv tsis poob lawv cov khoom txawm tias tom qab rov qhib hluav taws.

Feem ntau, cov khoom ntawm no ntau yam muaj av nplaum. Tsis tas li cov khoom ntawm cov kua nplaum zoo li nofeem ntau yog:

• cement;
• sand;
• chamotte fiber;
• ntau yam ntxiv.

hom kua nplaum no yog muag hauv daim ntawv qhuav sib tov. Ua ntej siv rau masonry, lawv tsuas yog kaw nrog dej nyob rau hauv kev faib ua feem qhia los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus.

Av nplaum ntau yam ntawm cov kua nplaum uas tiv taus cua sov yog pheej yig heev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv feem ntau yog siv los tso cov khoom siv roj.

Sib tov rau qhov cub nrog cov yas

Cov kua nplaum no belongs rau pawg ntawm universal. Nws yog nkag mus rau lub khw ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhuav mix thiab pastes. Feem ntau lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no rau tso cib khoom cua sov. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov kua nplaum kub-resistant rau qhov cub ntawm ntau yam no feem ntau muaj cov hauv qab no:

• quartz xuab zeb li muab tub lim;
• aluminosilicate cement thiab kaolin ua cov khoom sib txuas;
• plasticizer - soapstone.

Cov kua nplaum no tseem tiv taus cua sov dua li av nplaum. Kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau yam no tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub txog li 1500 ° C. Soapstone kua nplaum yog li suav hais tias yog qhov zoo dua li av nplaum. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntawv sau zoo li no kim dua.

Fireproof pobzeb nplaum nplaum kub resistant

Rau cov hauv ob sab ntawm qhov cub thiab qhov cub, tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom sib txuas yog siv. Feem ntau, cov vuas ntawm cov khoom siv cua sov yog tsau siv cov kua nplaum raws li aluminosilicates thiab kaolin. Raws li binders nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug khoom nrogQhov no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov av nplaum dawb thiab cov cement. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom npaj rau hauv ob sab phlu furnaces suav nrog nyob rau hauv feem ntau:

• quartz xuab zeb;
• plasticizer hauv daim iav kua.

Cov nplaum no yog tsim rau hauv ob sab hauv qhov cub thiab qhov cub tsis yog nrog cov vuas, tab sis kuj nrog cov plooj (porcelain stoneware). Cov hom khoom no kuj pheej yig. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lawv, hmoov tsis, tsis txawv nyob rau hauv durability. Cov iav ua kua, uas yog ib feem ntawm lawv, poob nws cov khoom yas tom qab li 20 xyoo thiab pib tawg.

Lub npe nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom lag luam tam sim no yog Terracotta ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Thaum tshav kub kub-resistant kua nplaum los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus, txiav txim los ntawm cov neeg siv kev txheeb xyuas, yog ib qho yooj yim mus use thiab yooj yim heev nplaum cov khoom. Cov pobzeb ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce no yog tiaj tus thiab siv sijhawm ntev. Tib lub sijhawm, Terracotta kua nplaum kuj pheej yig.

Dab tsi yog qhov kub-resistant hlau nplaum

Cov tebchaw no feem ntau yog hluavtaws. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, cov hlau feem ntau yog glued. Tab sis yog tias xav tau, txhais tau tias ntawm ntau yam no kuj tuaj yeem siv los txuas cov iav thiab cov ntaub ntawv ceramic. Qee lub sij hawm cov kua nplaum no kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev ua cib.

Feem ntau, txoj kev npaj rau kev sib txuas cov hlau muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov kub txog li 1000 ° C. Tab sis rau qee lub npe, daim duab no tuaj yeem yog 3000°C. Cov hlau sib txuas ua ke siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ntawm ntau yam no tuaj yeem tiv taus txawm tias muaj kev ntxhov siab heev. Qhov tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kua nplaum uas tiv taus cua sov rau cov hlau yog tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kua nplaum loj.

Cov lus qhia siv rau cov av nplaum sib tov

Raws li twb tau hais lawm, hom kua nplaum no feem ntau yog siv los tso qhov cub thiab qhov cub. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv rau kev sib tov ntawm ntau yam no yog qhov yooj yim heev. Cov kua nplaum no yog ua raws li hauv qab no:

• qee qhov sib tov yog nchuav rau hauv lub thoob lossis lub phiab;
• sib tov cov khoom xyaw;
• hliv dej sov rau hauv lub phiab kom muaj nuj nqis kom tau ib qho yooj yim rau masonry.

Siv cov kua nplaum uas tiv taus cua sov uas tau npaj los ntawm kev yaj nrog dej rau qhov cub thiab qhov cub thaum tso rau hauv txoj kev txheem. Cov av nplaum sib xyaw yog siv kom lub thickness ntawm cov pob qij txha nyob rau hauv lub masonry yog 3-5 hli.

Cov lus qhia siv rau pobzeb nplaum

Cov kev sau zoo li no kuj siv tau yooj yim heev. Sib tov cov nplaum nplaum uas tiv taus cua sov ntawm hom no, nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhuav huab cua, nrog dej, raws li cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus cov lus qhia. Qee zaum, me ntsis dej yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov khoom pasty ntawm pab pawg no (yog tias lawv tau qhuav thaum lub sijhawm cia). Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los sib tov cov compositions ntawm no ntau yam siv ib tug xyaum. Cov khoom tiav yuav tsum yog homogeneous li sai tau. Ua ntej siv, kev daws teeb meem feem ntau yogincubated rau 10-15 feeb. ua ntej o. Tom qab ntawd lawv sib tov dua.

Tib lub sijhawm, xws li cov av nplaum uas tiv taus cua sov, qee qhov me me ntawm cov kua nplaum tau npaj. Pobzeb kub-resistant compounds ntes sai sai tom qab ntxiv dej. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov npaj yuav tsum tau siv li ntawm 30 feeb.

Ua ntej siv cov kua nplaum uas tiv taus cua sov, qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov cub lossis qhov cub yog ntxuav kom huv si ntawm cov plua plav, cov plaster qub, thiab lwm yam Tom ntej:

• siv cov nplaum rau cov pobzeb hla nws tag nrho saum npoo nrog spatula;
• khaws cov pobzeb hauv kab rov tav 2-3 feeb;
• nias cov khoom tiav rau saum qhov cub thiab tuav nws hauv txoj haujlwm no ob peb feeb.

Yog tias cov pobzeb siv los ua kom tiav loj, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov kua nplaum tsis yog rau ntawm nws xwb, tab sis kuj rau ntawm qhov cub nws tus kheej. Nws yog cov lus qhia no rau kev siv uas tau muab, piv txwv li, rau cov nplaum nplaum "Terracotta".

Cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij

Nws raug tso cai pib ua haujlwm qhov cub los yog kab nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv tsis pub dhau 2 lub lis piam tom qab ua tiav kev ua haujlwm. Cov cua sov-resistant muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tau muaj zog txaus ua ntej cua sov. Yog tias lub qhov cub raug dej nyab ntxov dhau lawm, microcracks yuav tshwm sim hauv nws cov masonry, los ntawm cov pa taws yuav nkag mus rau hauv chav tsev. Cov pobzeb ntawm qhov cub cua sov ua ntej tom qab ib ntus yuav tsuas poob tawm.

Cov lus qhia raudaim ntawv thov rau hlau nplaum

Yuav ua li cas siv cov txheej txheem niaj hnub ntawm ntau yam no? Cov lus qhia rau kev siv rau cov kua nplaum uas tiv taus kub-resistant mastic los yog kua formulations ntawm no ntau yam yog muab raws li nram no:

• chaw ua haujlwm yog npaj los ntawm kev ntxuav ntawm plua plav thiab av;
• hlau qhuav;
• kua nplaum yog siv tam sim ntawd rau ob qhov chaw nrog txheej ntawm 1-2 hli;
• ntaus tau kho ua ke.

Hlau sib txuas nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub no feem ntau kav ntev li ib teev. Nyob rau theem kawg, chav tsev txuas nrog rau hauv txoj kev no feem ntau yog rhuab mus rau 50-100 ° C, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub thawv cua sov. Lub sij hawm ntawm qhov hardening nyob ntawm seb hom kua nplaum.