Shelving test: methodology
Shelving test: methodology

Video: Shelving test: methodology

Video: Shelving test: methodology
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Anonim

Shelving yog cov qauv cia khoom siv los khaws ntau yam khoom, khoom thiab khoom siv. Kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm pabcuam lawv nyob ntawm lawv qhov zoo. Thaum cov qauv tawg, qhov poob tuaj yeem ua rau ntau txhiab, lab rubles. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm kev ua txhaum txoj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov nodes thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub kaw lus, racks raug kuaj ib ntus.

Muaj ntau yam ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo li no. Muaj ntau txoj kev siv. Yuav ua li cas cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas lub zog ntawm cov qauv raug teeb tsa thiab ua tiav yuav tau tham ntxiv.

Yuav tsum muaj pov thawj

Test racks (GOST 55525-13) yog tsim los rau ntau yam. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, thaum tsim ib tug tshiab tsim, tej zaum yuav muaj tej yam tsis raug nyob rau hauv lub casting ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus qauv yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tiv taus lub loads npaj.

Kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qauv, cov chaw tsim khoom sim cov khoom nws tsim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws kho qhov tseeb ntawm miscalculation thaum lub sij hawm thev naus laus zis. Qhov yuam kev hauv kev kos duab raug kho.

Tsicov chaw tsim khoom yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov cim tiag tiag ntawm cov khib nyiab nrog cov yam ntxwv tshaj tawm. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws muaj peev xwm txo tau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tsis tsuas yog tshwm sim ntawm kev puas tsuaj nyiaj txiag, tab sis kuj raug mob los yog txawm tuag ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm warehouses. Nov yog ib qho kev ntsuas ib puag ncig zoo.

Lub sijhawm tshuaj ntsuam yog dab tsi?

Cov lus qhia kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas cuam tshuam nrog kev sim hauv plaub qhov tseem ceeb. Thawj zaug xws li kev sim yog nqa tawm hauv kev tsim khoom. Thaum tsim cov qauv tshiab raws li cov duab kos tshiab, ib qho kev sim ua qauv tsim. Nws raug sim los txheeb xyuas qhov yuam kev thaum lub sijhawm txhim kho. Yog tias txhua yam yuav tsum tau ua tiav, cov khoom yuav nkag mus rau hauv kev tsim tawm.

Shelving load test
Shelving load test

Tom qab tsim ib pawg ntawm cov tshuab zoo sib xws, ntau chav sim raug xaiv los ntawm lawv. Yog tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev ua tau raws li cov qauv, tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm mus muag.

Ua ntej txhim kho cov racks, cov xwm txheej khaws cia raug kuaj xyuas. Tom qab kev teeb tsa, lub zog ntawm txhua qhov kev sib txuas ntawm txhua lub txee thiab kev txhawb nqa kuj tau sim. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov khoom lag luam kuj raug kuaj xyuas ib ntus. Qhov kwv yees qhov zaus yog ib zaug txhua ob xyoos. Cov txheej txheem no yog nqa tawm mus txog rau qhov sau-tawm ntawm cov qauv los ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm lub tuam txhab.

Daim tshev saib rau

Muaj qee cov npe ntawm cov teeb meem uas cov neeg soj ntsuam tau saib xyuas. Cov txiaj ntsig tau khontaub ntawv. Rau qhov no, ib qho kev xeem racks yog kos, ib qho piv txwv ntawm uas tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no.

Shelving xeem
Shelving xeem
Shelving xeem
Shelving xeem

Deviations los ntawm kab rov tav, ntsug theem ntawm racks thiab kab teeb raug tshuaj xyuas. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov yam ntxwv ntawm warehouse racks yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.

Qhov yuam kev hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm cov kabmob yog txiav txim siab. Xws li deviations provoke heev loads. Tsis tas li, cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum ntsuas qhov pom ntawm kab teeb, racks, txee, pallets.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuam xim rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov seams sab laug tom qab vuam, los yog cov xov txuas (siv bolts). Ua raws li cov qauv rau qhov sib nrug ntawm qhov kev tso kawm ntawm kev txhawb nqa bearing thiab crossbars yog raug sim. Thaum kawg ntawm daim tshev, kev ua raws li lub peev xwm ntawm cov khib nyiab nrog cov yam ntxwv tau teev tseg hauv daim ntawv hla tebchaws tau tsim.

Kev tshuaj xyuas sab nraud

Tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas, cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv yuav tsum kos daim ntawv tshaj tawm rau cov racks. Nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb tau ua. Nov yog cov ntaub ntawv raug cai, tus qauv tsim los ntawm cov qauv tsim nyog.

Shelving test report
Shelving test report

Yuav kom nkag siab txog tag nrho cov txheej txheem pov thawj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ntau ntxiv txog cov theem ntawm nws qhov kev siv. Ua ntej, kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag yog ua. Tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas qhov chaw ntawm tag nrho cov khoom rau qhov tsis xws luag. Cov txheej tiv thaiv uas tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm kev tawg yuav tsum nyob twj ywm. Tsis yogyuav tsum tau khawb thiab khawb.

Tom qab ntawd, cov duab ntawm cov kab teeb thiab cov ncej txhawb tau raug ntsuas. Lawv tus nqi yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv. Yog tias muaj cov kab mob oxidative nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau, lawv cov degree raug tsim. Lub xub ntiag ntawm burrs, delaminations thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag yog muab rau hauv tus account.

Welds

Ua ntej kuaj cov racks, cov pob qij txha ntawm txhua yam ntawm lub cev raug tshuaj xyuas. Lawv tuaj yeem txuas rau ib leeg nrog screws lossis welded. Nyob rau hauv cov chaw no, raws li ib tug txoj cai, tus qauv yog feem ntau raug rau cov kev tsis zoo ntawm lub load. Yog li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm welds yog txiav txim nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb txoj kev.

Nws tuaj yeem ua ultrasonic, acoustic, luminescent lossis tshuaj. Txhua txoj kev xaiv tso cai rau koj los ntsuas lub xeev ntawm cov pob qij txha. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub xub ntiag ntawm sagging, suav nrog slag lossis tsis tiav kev nkag tau raug cais tawm ntawm cov seams. Yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj kab nrib pleb lossis undercuts ntawm cov pob qij txha.

Shelving xeem daim ntawv pov thawj qauv
Shelving xeem daim ntawv pov thawj qauv

Tsis tas li, qhov kev sim tsim kom muaj kev huv ntawm cov welds. Lawv yuav tsum tsis muaj scale los yog kis kab mob. Txwv tsis pub, lub kaw lus yuav nrawm nrawm.

Yog tias cov kev sib txuas tau muab cais ua hom ntsia hlau, lawv cov screed raug ntsuas. Paired ntsiab (txiv ntseej thiab ntsia liaj qhov rooj) yuav tsum nruj nreem kaw.

Test Method

Thaum kuaj xyuas qhov zoo thiab lub zog ntawm racks, ntxiv rau kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag thiab kev ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov pob qij txha, lwm txoj kev kuj tseem siv tau. Lawv tsuas yog hais tom qab ib qho kev txaus siab sab nraud ntawm cov qauv. Hauv qhov no, qhov kev xeemracks ib load.

Shelving xeem cov lus qhia
Shelving xeem cov lus qhia

Daim tshev zoo li no tau ua hauv ob qho kev qhia. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, lub constituent ntsiab yog raug mus rau ib tug ntsug load, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - ib tug kab rov tav. Cov no yog txoj hauv kev zoo uas tso cai rau koj los ntsuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov racks.

Vertical load yog siv rau cov kab teeb. Nws tshaj li ntawm 25% qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov hnyav txwv uas cov khoom tuaj yeem txhawb nqa. Cov ntaub ntawv yog muab los ntawm daim ntawv hla tebchaws ntawm cov qauv. Thaum txoj kev tshawb no, cov ntsuas deflection yog ntsuas. Nws yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 1/200 ntawm lub nqaj ntev.

Kab rov tav load ntawm cov txee yog 50% ntawm tus nqi siab tshaj plaws. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov perpendicular yuav tsum me npaum li qhov ua tau.

Ua tiav daim ntawv pov thawj

Tom qab kuaj cov racks, qhov seem deformation yog ntsuas. Ib zaug ntxiv, kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag ntawm qhov khoom raug ua. Welds lossis ntsia hlau txuas kuj raug tshuaj xyuas dua.

Tom qab daim tshev tiav lawm, ib txoj cai raug kos. Nws muaj tag nrho cov ntsuas ntsuas. Nws kuj teev cov theem ntawm kev pheej hmoo. Cov txheej txheem European ntawm cov qauv feem ntau yog siv rau kev ntsuam xyuas. Nws suav nrog peb theem ntawm kev pheej hmoo.

Yog tias cov cuab yeej raug cais raws li thaj chaw ntsuab, nws muaj kev puas tsuaj tsawg heev uas tsis cuam tshuam rau kev thauj khoom zoo ntawm cov qauv. Lub cheeb tsam amber suav nrog cov txee uas muaj kev puas tsuaj me ntsis. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv siv tau tso cai. Yog hais tias cov khoom nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam liab, nws siv yog txaus ntshai thiab yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub.

Cov txiaj ntsig pov thawj

Hnub noKev sim ntawm racks yog ua tiav yam tsis muaj kev poob qis los ntawm txhua lub koom haum warehouse thiab kev lag luam uas tsim cov khoom siv zoo li no. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los ntsuas lub xeev ntawm cov khoom ntawm kev kawm, nrog rau kwv yees li suav lub sijhawm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm.

Shelving xeem GOST
Shelving xeem GOST

Hlau kab, girders thiab txhawb cov ncej tsim kev ntxhov siab thaum lub sijhawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov nto yog periodically raug rau mechanical puas. Qhov no tsis txhim kho qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov txee. Yog tias koj tsis xyuam xim rau qhov tsis xws luag uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, lub cev qhuav dej ntawm cov qauv yuav zam tsis tau. Nws yog qhov pov thawj uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab qhov ua tsis tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv txawm tias ua ntej qhov tshwm sim tuag.

Cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas kuj tseem siv rau hauv tus account cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, kev saib xyuas cov khib nyiab los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev. Piv txwv li, cov tsev qiv ntawv xauj tsev yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas ntau zaus vim tias lawv zoo li tsis khiav qis.

Tau txiav txim siab cov txheej txheem rau kev sim racks, koj tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov qauv. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, raug mob thiab poob ntawm txoj sia.

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