Aircraft "SAAB": yam ntxwv, tshuaj xyuas thiab duab
Aircraft "SAAB": yam ntxwv, tshuaj xyuas thiab duab

Video: Aircraft "SAAB": yam ntxwv, tshuaj xyuas thiab duab

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Video: Saib Mis paub Poj niam (hluas nkauj) tus yam ntxwv lub siab 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Lub Nceeg Vaj ntawm Sweden yog ib lub tebchaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb uas muaj peev xwm tsim tau cov dav hlau loj hauv lawv tus kheej. Tub rog aviation thiab pej xeem liners ntawm lub teb chaws no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub aircraft kev lag luam. Tshuab tsis tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog lwm yam. Lawv txawv los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb sophistication ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab elegance ntawm tsim kev daws teeb meem.

pib zaj dab neeg

SAAB tau tsim muaj ntau dua 70 xyoo dhau los, xyoo 1937. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tsim cov tub rog dav hlau. Cov ntawv luv "SAAB" (SAAB) sawv cev rau Svenska Aeroplan Aktiebolaget, uas hauv Swedish txhais tau tias "lub tuam txhab ntawm Sweden uas tsim cov dav hlau."

thawj SAAB aircraft

Lub Nceeg Vaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd muaj lub dav hlau German, Dutch, Asmeskas thiab Askiv, tab sis tsoomfwv tau txiav txim siab pib tsim nws tus kheej lub dav hlau raws li daim ntawv tso cai ntawm American tuam txhab Norton thiab German Junkers. Rau qhov no, ib tsob nroj tau ua hauv lub nroog Trollhättan.

Yuav luag thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov nroj tsuag, Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob tau pib, thaum Sweden, tseem nyob nruab nrablub teb chaws, ib sab ntawm zus tau tej cov tub rog aircraft tsis nyob twj ywm. Xyoo 1940, SAAB tau tsim thawj lub foob pob SAAB B-17. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev txhim kho ntawm J-21 nres fighter pib ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

SAAB B-17 Bomber
SAAB B-17 Bomber

Cov neeg niaj hnub nco ntsoov tias SAAB cov foob pob ua pov thawj ua tau zoo thaum ua tsov rog. Lawv tau suav hais tias yog lub dav hlau ceev tshaj plaws ntawm cov zoo sib xws hauv chav kawm. Cov duab ntawm SAAB lub dav hlau ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd twb tso cai rau peb txaus siab rau qhov originality ntawm kev tsim kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev txhim kho ntawm lub tuam txhab Swedish no.

Txawm hais tias Sweden tsis koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm nws thaj chaw, SAAB txuas ntxiv tsim cov qauv tub rog tshiab, yog li tsim cov kev coj ua ntawm kev cob qhia cov kws tshaj lij engineers, tsim qauv thiab cov kws tshaj lij tsim khoom. Ua ntej kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, cov dav hlau twb tau tsim nyob rau ntawm ob lub chaw tsim khoom hauv Sweden, tab sis qhov kawg ntawm kev ua phem ua rau muaj kev txo qis hauv kev thov rau cov tub rog dav hlau.

thawj lub dav hlau tom qab tsov rog

Tom qab lub teb chaws Yelemees swb, SAAB, ntawm lwm lub tuam txhab uas yav dhau los tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim riam phom, ntsib teeb meem - yuav ua li cas ntxiv? Txij li thaum xyoo 1949, lub tuam txhab pib tsim tsheb. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim "SAAB" tub rog dav hlau tsis nres. Lub tuam txhab txuas ntxiv tsim cov cuab yeej siv dav hlau rau kev ua tub rog thiab pej xeem lub hom phiaj.

Txheeb cais qhia tias dhau tag nrho keeb kwm ntawm lub tuam txhab, ntau dua 4,000 lub dav hlau ntawm 13 ntau hom tau tsim tawm ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm SAAB.

Sweden ib txwm yog lub tebchawsarmed neutrality. Yog li ntawd, nws txoj kev txhim kho hauv kev tsim kho dav hlau tau ua raws li nws tus kheej thev naus laus zis. Lub tuam txhab tsim nws tus kheej lub dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua, uas tau ua haujlwm nrog Royal Air Force txij thaum nruab nrab-tsib caug xyoo dhau los.

Swedish aircraft kev lag luam nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm tom qab tsov rog pib los ntawm SAAB J-21 aircraft. Lub tshuab no tau zoo kawg nkaus uas nws yog tib lub dav hlau tub rog hauv ntiaj teb uas tau tsim ob qho tib si nrog lub cav piston (thaum tsov rog) thiab nrog lub dav hlau dav hlau.

Txawm li cas los xij, thawj lub dav hlau tiag tiag los tsoo lub ntiaj teb theem yog lub dav hlau swept-tis J-29. Thawj lub davhlau tau tshwm sim thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1948. Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom loj los ntawm 1950 txog 1956, 661 lub tsheb tau tsim.

Aircraft SAAB "Tunnan"
Aircraft SAAB "Tunnan"

Rau nws cov duab tshwj xeeb, lub dav hlau hu ua "Tunnan", uas txhais tau tias "bull" hauv Swedish.

Nws tseem paub txog qhov tseeb tias nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 1954, ntawm ib lub dav hlau serial, tus kws tsav dav hlau Swedish tsoo lub ntiaj teb ceev cov ntaub ntawv, ya lub voj voog 500-kilometer ntawm qhov ceev ntawm ntau tshaj 970 km / h - qhov no yog ntau tshaj li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm American aircraft F- tuav tau ob xyoos 86 Saber.

Kev lees paub ntawm qib ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim dav hlau thoob ntiaj teb

Tom qab ntawd, J-32 Lansen thiab J-35 Draken pib hloov J-29, tab sis tus hloov Tunnan tshuav ib nplooj ntawv zoo kawg nkaus hauv keeb kwm ntawm Sweden. Nws yog thawj tus neeg tua rog ntawm Swedish Air Force, uas tau koom nrog kev tawm tsam sab nraud - hauv koom pheej ntawm Congo (Africa) xyoo 1961-1962.

Ntxiv mus, J-29los ua poj koob yawm txwv ntawm lwm yam kev lig kev cai. Cov no yog thawj lub dav hlau uas pib xa mus rau lwm lub tebchaws: xyoo 1961 lawv tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam hauv Austria, tau yeej kev sib tw tawm tsam MiG-17 thiab F-86 Saber.

SAAB J-32 Lansen
SAAB J-32 Lansen

Lub dav hlau SAAB tom ntej yog J-32 Lansen. Nws tau tawm thawj zaug thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1952. Thiab ib xyoos tom qab, xyoo 1953, nws tsoo lub suab thaiv thaum dhia dej. Nws yuav tsum raug tso tawm raws li lub dav hlau tawm tsam, lub dav hlau tshawb nrhiav naval, txhua lub huab cua fighter-interceptor.

Kev saws me nyuam ntawm J-32A tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1955. Lub dav hlau no tau cim qhov pib ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua haujlwm ntawm Swedish Air Force. Txhawm rau hloov lub piston qub, lub dav hlau niaj hnub pib tuaj txog. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1955 thiab 1958, SAAB tau pauv 287 tus neeg tua neeg ntawm hom no rau qhov xav tau ntawm Royal Air Force.

Supersonic aircraft

Thaum kawg ntawm tsib caug xyoo dhau los, aviation powers tau nquag ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov supersonic fighters. SAAB kuj tau koom nrog kev sib tw no.

Tsim tus tshiab fighter nrog tshwj xeeb, tshiab rau lub sij hawm cov ntaub ntawv, coj mus rau tsim ib tug aircraft uas muab Sweden rau ib tug par nrog rau cov thawj aviation powers.

SAAB J-35 Draken
SAAB J-35 Draken

lub dav hlau no yog ib tug neeg tua rog hu ua "Draken".

Thawj tus qauv tau nthuav tawm rau pej xeem thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1955. Lub kaum hli ntuj ntawm tib lub xyoo, tus fighter tau ua nws thawj zaug. Nws nkag mus rau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab raws li J-35A Draken, tag nrho cov khoom tsim tau pib thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1959.

Total SAAB tsim tawm 612dav hlau. Lawv kuj raug xa tawm, lawv tau yuav los ntawm Austria, Denmark, Finland thiab Switzerland.

Nyob rau hauv tsib caug xyoo, SAAB pib tsim SAAB-105 kev cob qhia fighter. Nws tau nthuav tawm nws tus kheej ua lub dav hlau siab dav nrog lub tis swept. 2 lub rooj zaum tau teeb tsa ua ke nrog qhov muaj peev xwm nthuav dav mus rau 4. Ob lub cav turbojet muab kev sib tw zoo heev. Lub dav hlau SAAB, npaj rau kev cob qhia, tom qab ntawd tau dhau los ua ib lub tsheb tub rog ntau yam ntawm hom no hauv ntiaj teb. Thawj SAAB-105 ya nyob rau lub Rau Hli 1963.

Nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv sai sai rau hauv lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua. Txij li xyoo 1964, Royal Swedish Air Force tau lees paub nws ua lub dav hlau kev cob qhia tseem ceeb.

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-60s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, lub tuam txhab pib tsim ib lub tshuab los muab kev txhawb nqa hauv av rau cov tub rog. Nws tau xav tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm SAAB lub dav hlau yog los xyuas kom meej kev sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab siab kub ceev riam phom thiab pab pawg sabotage. Rau cov laj thawj no, lawv tau tsim qhov poob siab Sk.60G, uas tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1972.

Muab cov toj roob hauv pes ntawm Sweden, ib qho ntawm cov kev cai tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab tsim dav hlau los ntawm Royal Air Force yog qhov siab tshaj tawm thiab tsaws yam ntxwv ntawm lub dav hlau. Lawv yuav tsum tsaws thiab tshem tawm thaum tsis muaj kev npaj khiav. Cov kev cai no yuav tsum tau ua tiav los ntawm ib tiam neeg thib peb, uas lawv xav hloov Lansen thiab Draken.

Txhawm rau ua cov haujlwm uas tau muab, tus tsim tsimthov kom siv ib qho tshwj xeeb airframe configuration - "ob daim duab peb sab". Tus qauv tsim tau muab cov yam ntxwv xav tau ntawm qhov nrawm qis thiab tswj kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm supersonic speeds.

Fighter SAAB J-37 "Wiggen"
Fighter SAAB J-37 "Wiggen"

Thawj tus qauv tsim thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1966 thiab thawj zaug hauv Lub Ob Hlis 1967. Lub npe ntawm lub dav hlau yog J-37 Wiggen.

Txawm li cas los xij, lub dav hlau tsis tau mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom tam sim ntawd, raws li qee qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tau pom.

Lub dav hlau tsim tawm thawj zaug thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1971, thiab tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam tib lub xyoo. Siv los ntawm Royal Air Force mus txog 2005. Tag nrho ntawm 110 Viggen fighters tau tsim.

New tiam aircraft

Thaum pib ntawm lub xya caum ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, txoj kev loj hlob ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug tshiab fighter pib nyob rau hauv Sweden. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau hloov J-37 Viggen, uas tau dhau los ua kim dhau los tsim, thiab cov dav hlau SAAB-105 tsis siv. Lub dav hlau tshiab yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm ib pawg kev lag luam uas suav nrog SAAB.

SAAB "Grippen" multi-purpose aircraft
SAAB "Grippen" multi-purpose aircraft

Tus qauv Grippen 39-1 tau ya thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1988, tab sis nws thawj qhov kev sim ua tsis tiav. Thaum lub Ob Hlis thaum ntxov, thawj daim ntawv tau poob thaum tsaws. Qhov kev huam yuaj ua rau muaj kev poob qis hauv kev ua haujlwm, uas tsuas yog ua tiav thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1991.

Royal Air Force tau txais thawj zaug serial fighter "Grippen" thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg lig xyoo 1994. Cov dav hlau no kuj paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv tau txais kev sib raug zootus qauv nthuav tawm los ntawm NATO. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv lawv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub koom haum no.

Grippen cov tub rog tau muab rau cov tub rog huab cua ntawm Hungary thiab Czechoslovakia (14 lub dav hlau tau xauj), 26 lub dav hlau xa mus rau South Africa, thiab 6 mus rau Thaib teb.

Tam sim no, Swedish Air Force muaj ntau dua 330 SAAB dav hlau.

Lub Swedish Cua Dag Zog Yuam kuj tau ua tub rog nrog ntev-ntau radar soj ntsuam dav hlau, tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm SAAB-340 pej xeem kev paub.

Tus neeg caij dav hlau rau kev tsheb hauv cheeb tsam

Lub tuam txhab pib tsim thawj tus neeg caij dav hlau nyob rau hauv lig 70s thiab thaum ntxov 80s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, ua ke nrog American tuam txhab Fairchild. Nws tau paub los ntawm cov ntawv luv SF-340. Thawj lub davhlau ntawm lub liner tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1983. Xyoo tom qab, nws nkag mus rau hauv koob thiab pib ua lag luam ya mus.

SAAB-340 and SAAB-2000
SAAB-340 and SAAB-2000

Tom qab Fairchild tso tseg kev koom tes nrog SAAB, lub tuam txhab txuas ntxiv nws tus kheej tsim lub dav hlau SAAB-340 A. Nws yog ib lub tsheb nrov heev nrog cov dav hlau thoob ntiaj teb uas xav tau lub dav hlau me me uas tuaj yeem ua tau 30 txog 40 tus neeg caij tsheb.

Txij li xyoo 1989, kev tsim lub dav hlau tshiab nrog lub cav muaj zog dua, lub suab pov thawj zoo thiab txhim kho kab rov tav tau pib. Lub dav hlau tshiab hu ua "SAAB-340 B"

Tom qab ntawd, lub tuam txhab pib ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov qauv no. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv xyoo 1994, lub dav hlau SAAB-2000 tshiab tau tsim. Nws fuselage tau lengthened thiabmuaj peev xwm nce mus txog 50 tus neeg. Nws tau txais ib lub tis loj dua thiab cov cav tshiab nrog rau lub ntsej muag propellers. Nws tau dhau los ua lub dav hlau turboprop ceev tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm niaj hnub no, tab sis tom qab qee lub sijhawm nws tau sib tw nrog Bombardier CRJ thiab Embraer ERJ aircraft, uas ua rau muaj kev poob qis hauv SAAB-2000 muag. Kev thov rau lawv tau raug txo qis rau yuav luag xoom, thiab hauv xyoo 1999 kev tsim khoom raug txiav tag nrho.

In tag nrho, 456 SAAB-340s thiab 60 SAAB-2000s tau tsim tawm thaum xyoo 1983 thiab 1999.

SAAB aircraft tuam txhab logo
SAAB aircraft tuam txhab logo

End of dab neeg

Hauv xyoo 2011, SAAB tau tshaj tawm tias poob nyiaj. Tus qauv Swedish-Suav NEVS yuav nws, tab sis txoj cai siv cov ntawv luv "SAAB" tsis tau hloov mus rau nws, yog li nws muaj feem ntau tias cov hom no tau ploj mus hauv keeb kwm tag nrho.

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