Yam ntxwv ntawm Su-35. Su-35 aircraft: specifications, daim duab ntawm lub fighter. Cov yam ntxwv sib piv ntawm Su-35 thiab F-22
Yam ntxwv ntawm Su-35. Su-35 aircraft: specifications, daim duab ntawm lub fighter. Cov yam ntxwv sib piv ntawm Su-35 thiab F-22

Video: Yam ntxwv ntawm Su-35. Su-35 aircraft: specifications, daim duab ntawm lub fighter. Cov yam ntxwv sib piv ntawm Su-35 thiab F-22

Video: Yam ntxwv ntawm Su-35. Su-35 aircraft: specifications, daim duab ntawm lub fighter. Cov yam ntxwv sib piv ntawm Su-35 thiab F-22
Video: 96 Tub Hmoob - Kab Laum Kiab Tshooj Hluav taws xob 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Nyob rau xyoo 2003, Sukhoi Design Bureau pib qhov thib ob nyob rau hauv kab modernization ntawm Su-27 fighter los tsim lub Su-35 aircraft. Cov yam ntxwv ua tiav hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab ua rau nws tuaj yeem hu nws ua 4 ++ tiam neeg tua rog, uas txhais tau hais tias nws lub peev xwm nyob ze li sai tau rau PAK FA thib tsib tiam dav hlau.

keeb kwm kev tsim kho

Nyob rau xyoo 1980s thaum ntxov, thaum lub Su-27 tseem yog tus tswv los ntawm Soviet Air Force, nws tus kws tsim qauv, Pavel Sukhoi, twb tau npaj los tsim kho dua tshiab. Thaum xub thawj raug xaiv los ua Su-27M, nws tau nruab nrog kev txhim kho avionics, uas tau muab lub hauv paus los txiav txim siab nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws fighter ntawm xyoo ntawd. Nws kuj tau nruab nrog ntau hom riam phom, uas tso cai rau Su-27M (saib daim duab hauv qab no) ua cov haujlwm ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab cov phiaj xwm hauv av.

zoo 35
zoo 35

Cov kev hloov kho tshiab tau tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam kev hloov pauv hauv aerodynamics, avionics, lub zog cog tsim, thiabkuj muaj peev xwm nqa tau. Cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog muaj zog thiab aluminium-lithium alloys tau siv los txo qhov hnyav thiab nce roj peev xwm.

Su-27M tau nruab nrog lub cav turbojet nrog lub zog ntawm 125 kN, muaj zog dua li Su-27. Su-27 modernization program nws tus kheej raug xaiv "Su-35BM", qhov twg cov ntawv txhais tau tias "loj modernization". Ntau yam uas tau ua nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau muab tso rau hauv lub dav hlau Su-35 niaj hnub, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua tau zoo tshaj nws cov qauv qauv Su-27M.

Kev hloov kho tshiab ntxiv

Nyob rau xyoo 2003, ib txoj haujlwm tau tsim los tsim cov neeg tua rog los txuas qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm Su-27M thiab Su-30MK thiab lub thib tsib-tiam kev sib ntaus sib tua tsheb PAK FA. Lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov project yog qhov thib ob modernization ntawm airframe ntawm Su-27 aircraft (li no nws muab faib raws li ib tug 4++ tiam fighter) nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub Su-35 yuav sib haum mus rau lub theem ntawm kev siv. PAB FA. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub dav hlau yuav tsum dhau los ua lwm txoj hauv kev rau tsev neeg Su-30 hauv kev xa khoom xa tawm.

Txoj kev txhim kho ntawm lub dav hlau txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 2007, thaum nws muaj muag. Ib me ntsis tom qab, Sukhoi Design Bureau tau tshaj tawm tias Su-35 txoj kev txhim kho tau tsim tawm vim kev ntshai tias PAK FA qhov project tuaj yeem ntsib qhov tsis muaj nyiaj txiag.

aircraft su 35 yam ntxwv
aircraft su 35 yam ntxwv

Hloov kho kab rov tav stabilizer

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Su-35 nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tsim ntawm nws cov airframe suav nrog ntau qhov sib txawv los ntawm Su-27M, txawm hais tias sab nrauv lub dav hlau khaws cia muaj zog sab nraud zoo ib yam li nws.ua ntej.

Ib qho ntawm cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm Su-27M airframe yog qhov kev tsim qauv aerodynamic ntawm canard-hom tswj, uas tso cai rau lub dav hlau ya ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tawm tsam mus txog 120 °. Nrog rau cov tswv yim no, kab rov tav tus Tsov tus tw ntawm lub dav hlau - stabilizers nrog elevators - yog nyob ua ntej ntawm nws tis.

Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau qhov kev npaj ntawm tus Tsov tus tw kab rov tav, lub teeb liab radar tshwm sim los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub dav hlau yog ntau dua li cov txheej txheem ib txwm nyob tom qab tis. Qhov no ua kom yooj yim nrhiav pom lub dav hlau. Yog li ntawd, cov dav hlau niaj hnub uas tsis pom zoo rau radars (F-22 Raptor, PAK FA, thiab Su-35) muaj qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus Tsov tus tw kab rov tav - qab tis. Yuav kom tswj tau qhov zoo ntawm kev siv tus Tsov tus tw pem hauv ntej kab rov tav, lawv, nrog rau tus Tsov tus tw tseem ceeb, tom qab tis kuj muaj qhov tig ntawm lub tis bulges.

Dab tsi tshiab tau coj los ntawm cov kev hloov pauv no rau qhov pom ntawm lub dav hlau Su-35? Cov yam ntxwv (daim duab hauv qab no qhia tau hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm nws cov tsos thiab Su-27M) ntawm lub fighter tig mus kom ze li sai tau rau lub 5th tiam aircraft, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws cov radar visibility ntau dua thiab tsis muaj ib tug active airborne. radar.

aircraft su 35 specifications
aircraft su 35 specifications

Lwm yam kev hloov pauv huab cua

Tus yam ntxwv ntawm Su-35 nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws txoj kev braking txawv ntawm Su-27M thaum tsis muaj cua nres (shield). Su-35 braking txoj kev yog hais tias nws rudders, nyob rau hauv lub rear ntawm obntsug keels, thaum tsaws, lawv deviate nyob rau hauv sib txawv kev taw qhia, uas tsim ib tug braking quab yuam. Lwm qhov kev txhim kho aerodynamic muaj xws li txo qhov siab ntawm cov ntsug stabilizers, me me canopy protrusion, thiab txheej nws nrog ib tug conductive txheej rau camouflage thaum lub dav hlau raug rau radar.

Kev siv zog ntawm lub zog ntawm lub dav hlau tau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv dav dav ntawm titanium alloys, uas ua rau nws lub neej ua haujlwm ntev txog 30 xyoo thaum nce qhov siab tshaj plaws nqa tawm mus txog 34.5 tons. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov roj sab hauv tau nce ntau dua 20% mus rau 11.5 tons thiab tuaj yeem nce mus rau 14.5 tons nrog cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntxiv.

Cov yam ntxwv sib piv ntawm su 35 thiab f 22
Cov yam ntxwv sib piv ntawm su 35 thiab f 22

Advanced Avionics

Lub Sukhoi Design Bureau tau ua txhua yam los xyuas kom meej tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm Su-35 hais txog avionics tsuas yog zoo heev. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua chav nyob thiab cov khoom siv ntawm lub dav hlau yog tswj hwm los ntawm kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj ob lub khoos phis tawj on-board. Nws sau thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau yam kev sib tw thiab kev tswj lub dav hlau thiab nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam rau tus tsav los ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus qhia ntau yam (MFDs), uas ua ke nrog peb theem MFDs tsim lub iav cockpit. Lub dav hlau muaj ntau yam kev hloov kho dua tshiab rau nws cov avionics thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob, suav nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob digital wireless tswj hwm, thiab tus kws tsav dav hlau tau nruab nrog lub kaus mom hlau-mounted cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj ntsuam thiab hmo ntuj tsom iav tsom iav.

su 35 fighter yam ntxwv
su 35 fighter yam ntxwv

Radar thiab aiming system

PartCov yam ntxwv ntawm Su-35 muaj xws li lub xub ntiag ntawm Irbis radar nrog passive phased kav hlau txais xov array, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub dav hlau txoj kev tswj hluav taws. Lub radar muaj peev xwm ntes tau lub hom phiaj huab cua nrog thaj tsam ntawm 3 square meters. m ntawm qhov deb ntawm 400 km thiab tuaj yeem muab lub hom phiaj rau 30 lub hom phiaj cua, thiab coj yim ntawm lawv.

Lub radar tseem muaj peev xwm rov tsim daim ntawv qhia lub ntiaj teb siv ntau hom, suav nrog aperture synthesis hom. Lub Irbis radar tau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob optical-electronic uas siv cov haujlwm ntawm lub laser rangefinder, TV, thiab lub hom phiaj infrared.

Armament aircraft

Cov riam phom twg tuaj yeem nqa Su-35 fighter? Cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws cov cuab yeej siv riam phom suav nrog kev siv ntau yam ntawm cov dav hlau ntev thiab luv luv cua-rau-huab cua cuaj luaj, muaj tseeb thiab tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv huab cua-rau-hauv av riam phom, uas suav nrog foob pob hluav taws, foob pob tawg tawg thiab cov foob pob hluav taws. Qhov siab tshaj plaws riam phom payload yog 8 tons, uas tuaj yeem nqa tau ntawm kaum plaub qhov nyuaj. Tus neeg tua rog tuaj yeem siv cov cuaj luaj nrog qhov ntev txog 300 km.

su 35 yam ntxwv yees duab
su 35 yam ntxwv yees duab

Sib ntaus sib tua cav

Su-35 yog nruab nrog ob lub cav turbojet, lub zog thrust vector uas tswj tau hauv ib lub dav hlau. Lub cav no yog ib qho yooj yim version ntawm lub zog cog ntawm Saturn-117 hom ntawm lub thib tsib tiam fighter PAK FA. Nws qhov thrust yog kwv yees ntawm 145 kN, uas yog 20 kN ntau tshaj li ntawm Su-27M. Nws muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm 4000 teev. Pair ntawm cavaircraft muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov tshwm sim thrust vector. Txhua lub nozzle thrust vectors muaj nws tus kheej axis ntawm kev sib hloov inclined rau lub dav hlau ntsug. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov sib txawv ntawm thrust vector ntawm txhua lub nozzle tuaj yeem sawv cev raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm lub nozzle nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia down-inward thiab upward-tawm. Yog hais tias lub thrust vectors ntawm ob lub nozzles deviate synchronously, ces txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub dav hlau yuav tswj tau tsuas yog los ntawm lub suab lub kaum sab xis, tab sis nrog sib txawv deviations ntawm lub thrust vectors ntawm lub nozzles, lub yaw thiab yob cov ces kaum kuj yuav tswj tau. Ib qho kev tswj hwm zoo sib xws kuj tau siv rau ntawm PAK FA fighter.

Lub cav tso cai rau Su-35 kom ua tiav qhov nrawm nrawm yam tsis tas siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tom qab. Radar absorbing txheej yog siv rau lub cav qhov chaw kom txo cov teeb liab radar cuam tshuam los ntawm lub dav hlau.

su 35 yam ntxwv sib piv
su 35 yam ntxwv sib piv

Cov yam ntxwv sib piv ntawm Su-35 thiab F-22

Tam sim no, tsuas yog 5 tiam neeg sib ntaus sib tua hauv ntiaj teb uas tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam yog Asmeskas F-22 Raptor. Raws li koj paub, Ste alth thev naus laus zis tau siv nyob rau hauv nws qhov tsim thiab ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev zais ntawm lub dav hlau los ntawm radars yog raws li ob lub hauv paus ntsiab lus:

  • muab lub dav hlau ntawm lub dav hlau tsim tshwj xeeb geometric duab, uas ua kom qhov kev xav ntawm lub teeb liab radar nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia opposite rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm nws tuaj txog;
  • scattering (absorbing) lub zog ntawm radar teeb liab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas ua rau saum npoo ntawm lub dav hlau thiaj li yuav attenuate nws mus rau theem uas qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm lub teeb liab tshwm sim.tsis zoo.

Raws li Asmeskas cov ntaub ntawv, qhov kev xav ntawm F-22 fighter yog sib npaug rau lub pob golf, raws li cov ntaub ntawv Lavxias, nws yog 0.3-0.4 m 2. Kev sib piv: rau MiG-29 nws yog 5 m2 , thiab rau Su-27 nws yog 12 m2. Puas yog nws ua tau, tsawg kawg ib nrab, kom ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm Raptor ntawm Su-35? Cov yam ntxwv (lawv qhov kev sib piv nrog F-22 yog muab hauv qab no) ntawm Lavxias teb sab aircraft tso cai rau peb qhia ceev faj txog qhov zoo ntawm qhov teeb meem no.

Lavxias tsim qauv thiab cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem uas txo qhov kev xav ntawm Su-35. Cov kws tshawb fawb Lavxias tau tsim cov cuab yeej siv lej los suav cov kev tawg ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom ntawm kev teeb tsa nyuaj, xws li Su-35, rhuav tshem lawv mus rau hauv me me thiab ntxiv cov teebmeem ntawm ntug nthwv dej thiab cov dej ntws. Kav hlau txais xov yog qauv cais thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv rau tag nrho cov qauv simulation.

Cov khoom siv radar-absorbing tshiab tau tsim los npog cov tshuab dav hlau. Nws tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv icing thiab tiv taus cov cua kub ceev thiab kub txog 200 ° C. Lub xov tooj cua-absorbing txheej 0.7-1.4 mm tuab yog siv rau qhov chaw ntawm lub cav thiab mus rau pem hauv ntej theem ntawm lub compressor uas tsis tshua muaj siab siv lub tshuab txau neeg hlau.

Lub Su-35 kuj tseem muaj qhov kho lub cockpit canopy uas muaj kev cuam tshuam radar nthwv dej, txo qhov kev koom tes rau cov duab intensifier raj los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau hauv cockpit. Lavxias teb sab technologists tau tsim ib tug txheej txheem ntawm plasma deposition ntawm alternating txheej ntawm hlau thiab polymeric ntaub ntawv. Txoj kev notsim cov txheej txheem uas thaiv RF electromagnetic vuag, tiv thaiv kev tawg, thiab tsis cuam tshuam hnub ci cua sov hauv lub cab.

Tau kawg, tag nrho cov haujlwm no tsuas yog coj tus yam ntxwv ntawm Su-35 los ze zog rau lub peev xwm ntawm F-22 Raptor, tab sis tsis ua rau lawv zoo ib yam. Tiag tiag parity (thiab tejzaum nws superiority) yuav ua tiav tom qab kev saws me nyuam ntawm Lavxias teb sab 5 tiam fighter PAK FA.

Raws li rau lwm yam kev ya davhlau, lawv qhov kev sib piv rau Su-35 thiab F-22 muab cov duab hauv qab no. Lub dav hlau Lavxias yog plaub meters ntev (21.9 m piv rau 18.9 m) thiab yuav luag ib 'meter' siab (5.9 m piv rau 5.09 m) tshaj American aircraft nrog ib tug loj wingspan (14.75 m piv rau 13.6 m). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov loj ntawm Su-35 (tsis muaj) yuav luag sib npaug ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm F-22 (19,500 kg piv rau 19,700 kg), tab sis qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm "Asmeskas" yog ob thiab ib nrab tons ntau dua. (34,500 kg piv rau 38,000 kg). Qhov siab tshaj plaws ceev rau ob lub dav hlau yuav luag tib yam - txog 2400-2500 km / h, nrog rau cov tswv yim nce qab nthab - 20,000 m.

Tab sis lub davhlau ntau ntawm Su-35 nrog ob lub tso tsheb hlau luam sab nraud siab dua (4600 km piv rau 2960 km), tsis muaj tso tsheb hlau luam, "qhuav" tseem yuav ya mus ntxiv dua li Raptor (3600 km piv rau 3220 km).

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