Kh12F1 steel: yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Cov ntaub ntawv kev tshawb fawb yog, ntawm chav kawm, ib ceg dav dav thiab siv sijhawm ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Kev kawm nws yog qhov nyuaj heev thiab, hais ncaj, heev tedious. Txhua yam los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv uas nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus tsis meej pem vim nws monotony. Txawm li cas los xij, paub tias cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb no lossis cov khoom ntawd muaj dab tsi, peb nkag siab tias yuav ua li cas nrog nws thiab siv nws li cas hauv lub neej niaj hnub lossis tom haujlwm. Kab lus no tsuas yog lub sijhawm los qhia rau cov neeg nyeem ib feem me me ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm Kh12F1 qib alloy uas muaj ntau, nws daim ntawv thov nta, muaj pes tsawg leeg, analogues thiab ntau yam ntxiv, uas tau tham hauv qab no.

Deciphering steel Kh12F1

Yog li, cia peb pib nrog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws. Steel qib Х12Ф1, raws li tag nrho cov tam sim no muaj GOSTs, raug xaiv raws li cov cuab yeej stamp steel.

Muaj ib lub tswv yim dav dav ntawm Lavxias teb sab steel naming system, muab cov ntaub ntawv twb muaj lawm, peb muaj peev xwm kos ob peb lus xaus:

1. Tsev hlau, uas txhais tau hais tias nws suav nrog qee yam teeb tsaalloying ntsiab.
2. Tsab ntawv "X" thaum pib ntawm qib steel, nrog rau tus lej 12 tom qab nws, qhia txog chromium cov ntsiab lus ntawm 12%.
3. Tsab ntawv "F" sib raug rau cov khoom sib xyaw vanadium, thiab chav tsev yog cov ntsiab lus hauv cheeb tsam ntawm 1%.

Daim ntawv thov

Raws li kev xaiv, nws yog qhov tseeb tias cov hlau yog siv rau stampings, lossis theej, rau lawv cov khoom siv. Raws li, nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua cov xovxwm tuag, dov rollers, feem ntau nrog cov kev ntxhib los mos, tuag rau kev nias txias thiab ntau qhov cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm hlau los ntawm extrusion nyob rau hauv siab.

Composition

Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm metallurgy yog lub ligature muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau. Nws yog los ntawm qhov muaj, tsis muaj thiab feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv tshuaj uas steel tau txais qee yam khoom xav tau los ntawm nws lub luag haujlwm hauv kev pabcuam yav tom ntej.

Rau Kh12F1 steel, cov nram qab no muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm alloying additives yog muab, hais kom yooj yim ntawm kev nkag siab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab tus nqi:

• Ua ntej hauv kab yog carbon (1.35%) - lub ntsiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas hloov hlau ua hlau, muab nws rigidity thiab hardness.
• Tom ntej no, chromium (11.75%) tau sau tseg - cov khoom siv tshuaj no ua rau lub neej nce ntxiv, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm oxidizing nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud, tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv ntawm oxides. Txawm li cas los xij, ntxiv rau, ntawm cov ntsiab lus siab, nws nce lub zog ntawm cov hlau, nws cov kev tawm tsam rau kev tshaj tawmQhov kub thiab txias, thiab, raws li, mus rau lub caij so uas tsis tau npaj tseg.
• Vanadium (0.8%) - cuam tshuam rau cov qauv ntawm cov hlau, ua rau nws cov yam ntxwv muaj zog.
• Silicon (0.25%) - raws li cov khoom siv alloying, nws ua haujlwm los ua kom cov hlau tsis kam mus rau qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig yam tsis poob lub zog.
• tooj liab (0.3%) yog ib qho impurity ntau heev hauv metallurgy. Nws tsis muab qhov tshwj xeeb tsis zoo rau cov hlau, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, me ntsis txhim kho ductility.
• Manganese (0.27%) - txawm tias muaj cov ntsiab lus me me hauv kev sib xyaw ua kom lub zog ntawm cov hlau.
• Nickel (0.35%) - nce lub zog ntawm cov hlau, txawm tias me ntsis, tab sis nrog rau lwm cov khoom, nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb dua.
• Sulfur thiab phosphorus (0.03% txhua) yog cov teeb meem tsis huv uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov hlau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov ntsiab lus tsawg heev uas lawv feem ntau tsis suav.

yam ntxwv ntawm Kh12F1 steel

Paub qhov tseeb ntawm cov hlau, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab nws cov yam ntxwv dav dav nrog qee qhov kev ua yuam kev.

• Thawj qhov kuv xav kom nco ntsoov yog cov hlau yog cov pa roj carbon ntau, uas txhais tau tias nws muaj zog heev. Qhov no tsis yog xav tsis thoob, vim nws txoj haujlwm yog khoov, txiav thiab emboss hlau.
• Kuj nws yog chrome plated. Qhov no, thawj zaug, tiv thaiv ib feem los ntawm deformation thaum lub sij hawm corrosion, thiab thib ob, nws ua rau cov hlau tsis tshua muaj siab rau qhov kub siab.
• Nws muaj cov qauv sab hauv nyuaj heev. Thaum stamping qhov chaw ntawm lub stamp nws tus kheejmuaj ntau lub siab, thiab tej microcrack lossis lwm yam tsis xws luag tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev.
• Kh12F1 steel zoo nkaus li xis nyob hauv ib puag ncig nrog qhov kub siab. Qhov no yog txhawb nqa los ntawm tag nrho pawg ntawm ligature ntsiab thiab lawv cov tebchaw.

Analogues

Raws li koj tuaj yeem kwv yees, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom hauv yuav luag txhua lub lag luam uas tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo ib yam. Thiab qhov no tsis yog nyob ntawm thaj chaw thaj chaw ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Raws li, rau kev ua haujlwm zoo sib xws, cov cuab yeej zoo ib yam yog siv, ua los ntawm cov khoom zoo sib xws lossis cov khoom sib xws. Tuag steel Kh12F1 tsis muaj qhov zam. Nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws, steel qib nrog ib tug zoo xws li cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tsim raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub post-Soviet qhov chaw. Nov yog qee yam khoom nrov tshaj plaws:

• United States of America - D5;
• Japan - SKD11;
• England - BD2;
• Lub Tebchaws Yelemees - Х155CrVMo12-1.

Los ntawm kev nco qab cov qib steel, txawm tias koj nyob deb ntawm koj thaj av, koj tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias koj tuaj yeem yooj yim nrhiav ib feem rau koj tus kheej los ntawm cov khoom koj xav tau.

Second life

Raws li nws tau muab tawm, kev tshuaj xyuas zoo heev txog X12F1 hlau tuaj yeem hnov los ntawm daim di ncauj ntawm ntau tus kws ua haujlwm uas ua ntau yam cuab yeej hauv tsev, xws li chisels, riam, scrapers, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntsiab lus carbon siab nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau siab hardness ntawm cov hniav thiab txiav ntug tshwj xeeb, ntautus nqi ntawm chromium tiv thaiv cov tsos ntawm corrosion, thiab muaj ib tug ntxiv ligature nyob rau hauv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas muaj ib tug zoo heev ntxim rau tag nrho cov qauv ntawm cov khoom, ua riam ua los ntawm Kh12F1 steel heev txhim khu kev qha nyob rau hauv lub lag luam, thiab yog li ntawd feem ntau yooj yim. irreplaceable.