Qos "kolobok": piav qhia, kev cog qoob loo, duab

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Ntau tus neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov, nyob rau hauv kev cia siab ntawm lub caij sov, ua tib zoo kawm cov noob qoob loo, npaj seb lawv yuav loj hlob li cas ntawm qhov muaj pua square meters. Ntawm chav kawm, lawv ua tib zoo saib txhua yam nthuav dav thiaj li tau txais kev nplua nuj tshaj plaws tau sau. Thiab vim li ntawd, ntau tus ntawm lawv xaiv Kolobok qos yaj ywm ntau yam. Tsis xav tsis thoob - nws muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig uas ua rau nws xaiv zoo rau ntau tus neeg.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws

Hais txog "Kolobok" qos yaj ywm, nws tsim nyog hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv ib nrab-season ntau yam. Ntawd yog, txij li lub sijhawm cog mus txog kev sau qoob loo, qhov nruab nrab ntawm 90 mus rau 115 hnub dhau mus - ntau nyob ntawm cov hnub sov sov, av kub, av zoo thiab dej ntau. Lub tev daj yog ua ke nrog appetizing daj nqaij. Nws muaj ntau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab - txog 10-12 feem pua. Cov tubers yog cov saj zoo thiab zoo tshaj plaws rau Fabkis fries thiab chips.

Unsurprisingly, los ntawm kev kawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm qos yaj ywm"Kolobok", ntau tus neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov txiav txim siab yuav ntau yam no rau cog rau ntawm lawv qhov chaw.

History of Appearance

Hais txog qhov ntau yam no, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias nws tau tsim los ntawm Lavxias tus neeg yug tsiaj ntawm Lorch lub koom haum ntawm Qos liaj teb. Cov ntau yam yog cov hluas heev - nws tau raug tso npe nyob rau hauv Lub Xeev Sau Npe ntawm Lavxias Federation hauv 2005.

Thaum yug me nyuam, cov kws tshaj lij nrhiav kev tsim cov nroj tsuag uas loj hlob zoo tsis yog nyob rau hauv Central Black Earth cheeb tsam, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv Central, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm dej nag tsawg thiab cov av tsis zoo.

Mainly siv nyob rau hauv industrial cultivation (feem ntau yog vim li cas zoo li tus tubers), tab sis nws tsis yog tsis yooj yim sua kom pom no yug nyob rau hauv private ua liaj ua teb.

Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb

qos ntau yam "Kolobok" tshuaj xyuas yog qhov zoo heev tsis yog los ntawm lub sijhawm. Raws li lub npe implies, nws tubers yog heev txawm, zoo huv si thiab txawm graceful. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov no zoo heev pab txhawb lawv kev tu. Ntawm qhov tod tes, machining kuj tau yooj yim dua thiab yooj yim dua. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo no yuav nrov dua thaum muag dua lwm tus, tsuas yog vim lawv cov tsos zoo nkauj, hom "photogenicity".

Muaj kev xyaum tsis muaj kev loj hlob thiab protrusions - cov tubers yog puag ncig lossis oval. Ob lub qhov muag tob heev, tab sis tseem tsis tau pom dua, vim lawv qhov loj me thiab tus lej me.

Thaum kawg, qos yaj ywm muaj kev khaws cia zoo - txog li 98%,uas yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsuas zoo tshaj plaws rau hnub tim.

Yog li nrog kev saib xyuas zoo, koj yuav tsis tsuas tau txais cov qoob loo nplua nuj ntawm cov qos yaj ywm, tab sis kuj yooj yim khaws cia rau ntau lub hlis.

Yog peb tham txog cov minuses, ces, alas, tsis muaj lawv. Ntau precisely, tsis muaj ib tug rho tawm - lub tev ntawm "Kolobok" yog heev tawv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov no yog ib qho ntxiv - ua kom zoo nce ntxiv. Koj tuaj yeem khaws cov tubers rau ob peb lub hlis txawm nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev uas tsis muaj av noo, nyob rau hauv uas lwm cov qos yaj ywm tsuas qhuav tawm, wrinkle, thiab flabby. Ntawm qhov tod tes, thaum tev qos yaj ywm, tej yam nyuaj yuav tshwm sim. Cov txheej txheem yuav siv sij hawm ntau thiab siv zog ntau dua li peb xav tau.

yog haum

Tam sim no, paub txog cov lus piav qhia ntawm "Kolobok" qos yaj ywm, nws yuav tsis yog superfluous kom kawm qee cov ntaub ntawv siv tau.

Nws pib txhua yam, raws li koj xav tau, nrog tsaws. Nws raug nquahu kom xaiv tsis yog tubers me me, raws li qee cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov ua, tab sis qhov loj tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ntshaw kom cog cov qos yaj ywm raws li koj xav tau, thiab tsis yog ib qho uas yooj yim tsis tu siab.

Yog tias muaj cov khoom cog me me, thiab thaj chaw cog qoob loo loj, koj tuaj yeem ua tib zoo txiav txhua cov qos yaj ywm nrog rab riam, xyuas kom tseeb tias tsawg kawg ib lub qhov muag tseem nyob ntawm ib nrab lossis ib lub hlis twg, thiab nyiam dua. Tom qab ntawd, incisions yuav tsum tau disinfected. Qee cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov nyiam kev kho mob nrog kev daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate. Tab sis, raws li kev xyaum qhia, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv ntoo tshauv rau tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws tsis yog xwbtiv thaiv tuber los ntawm kev kis kab mob los ntawm qhov txhab, tab sis kuj dries nws, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm rot.

kauj ruam tom ntej yog kev npaj tsaws kom raug. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm kab yog 70-80 centimeters. Yog tias koj txo qis, ces teeb meem loj yuav tshwm sim nrog kev saib xyuas ntxiv. Nws yog ntshaw kom muaj kev ncua deb ntawm lub qhov ntawm txog 30-35 centimeters.

Nws tsis tsim nyog kom tob tob thaum cog. Qhov tob ntawm 10-15 centimeters yog qhov zoo heev - txog ib nrab ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub duav. Txwv tsis pub, thawj cov tua yuav siv sij hawm ntev heev kom tawg tawm hauv av ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem loj hlob nplooj thiab siv lub zog ntawm tshav ntuj.

Feem ntau, ntau yam tsis nyiam dampness ntau dhau. Tab sis thaum lub sij hawm cog nws yuav zoo dua yog tias av noo txaus.

Yuav tu nws li cas?

Feem ntau, kev saib xyuas cov qos yaj ywm Kolobok ntau yam, daim duab uas txuas nrog rau kab lus, yog qhov yooj yim heev. Koj tsis tas yuav paub qhov tshwj xeeb subtleties - txhua yam yog hais txog tib yam li thaum loj hlob qos yaj ywm.

Hilling tau ua ob zaug hauv ib lub caij. Thawj thawj zaug - tom qab ncav cuag qos yaj ywm saum qhov siab ntawm 20-25 centimeters. Qhov thib ob yog li ob lub lis piam tom qab. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum loj hlob intensive nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav nce saum toj no lub earthen moat. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ntshaw kom muab ntau watering. Txoj kev uas yooj yim tshaj yog khiav dej los ntawm cov furrows.

Txhua lub caij sov, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog kev tswj cov nroj tsuag. Qhov no tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau thawj lub lim tiam. Yog koj tsis tua cov nroj tsuag,tag nrho cheeb tsam yuav ceev nrooj nrog nws. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog stems uas tau hatched yuav tsis tau txais lub hnub ci txaus - qhov no yuav ua rau kev loj hlob qeeb, thiab qee qhov tuaj yeem ua rau tuag. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, thaum qos yaj ywm loj hlob mus rau 40-50 centimeters, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov nroj tsuag. Lawv yuav tsis yooj yim kom ntxoov ntxoo cov qoob loo, tab sis lawv yuav nquag nqus cov as-ham thiab noo noo los ntawm av, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau cov qoob loo.

Thaum kawg, ntawm cov av hnyav (tshwj xeeb yog av nplaum lossis nrog cov av nplaum sib xyaw), nws raug nquahu kom loosen ob peb zaug hauv ib lub caij. Nws tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau mus tob - 5-7 centimeters yog txaus rau cov dej noo kom nkag mus rau hauv av yooj yim dua, thiab tib lub sijhawm cov hauv paus hniav nkag mus rau oxygen.

YYuav fertilize los tsis fertilize?

Lwm qhov tseem ceeb uas nyiam ntau tus neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov yog fertilization. Thiab tiag tiag, nws puas tsim nyog rau fertilize lub Kolobok qos yaj ywm los yog tsis? Thiab yog hais tias yog li ntawd, cov chiv los muab nyiam rau.

Thaum cog qos yaj ywm nrog chiv, koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev. Qhov tseeb yog tias feem ntau cov nroj tsuag nyiam khaws qee yam khoom txaus ntshai uas muaj nyob hauv cov ntxhia chiv hauv lawv cov hauv paus hniav. Feem ntau nws tsis muaj teeb meem - leej twg mob siab txog keeb kwm ntawm txiv lws suav, taub dag lossis peppers? Tab sis nrog qos yaj ywm, qhov xwm txheej txawv heev. Tom qab tag nrho, ntawm no lub ntsiab qoob loo yog precisely lub tubers! Yog li ntawd, kev siv cov ntxhia chiv yuav tsum tau tso tseg.

Tab sis tsis chiv feem ntau. Organic zoo heev ntawm no. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, qhov no yog zoo tib yam compost - pov tseg uas tau rotted ntawm ib tug compost heapntau lawm, nroj tsuag thiab xyoo tas los nplooj, excrement ntawm tsiaj thiab noog - tag nrho, tag nrho cov no tsim ib tug zoo heev chiv uas muab cov nroj tsuag nrog tag nrho cov tsim nyog tshuaj.

Tseem, txhob hnov qab mullein. Cov nyuj tshiab diluted hauv dej yuav ua rau hnav khaub ncaws zoo heev. Thiab, qhov tseem ceeb, txawm tias muaj dej ntau, qhov no tsis tsim cov tshuaj ntau dhau hauv cov av uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg noj qos yaj ywm.

Yields

Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo sib xws hauv qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav - yuav luag tsis pom qhov loj lossis me. Feem ntau qhov hnyav yog los ntawm 120 mus rau 140 grams - me ntsis loj dua qhov nruab nrab, uas ua rau nws yooj yim rau noj, khaws thiab thauj. Ntau tus neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov nco ntsoov tias tus naj npawb ntawm tubers nrog kev saib xyuas zoo tuaj yeem ncav cuag 15 ib tsob ntoo! Qhov taw qhia zoo heev uas tuaj yeem ua rau xav tsis thoob txawm tias cov neeg tsis ntseeg siab.

Yim tawm los tsis yog siab tshaj, tab sis tseem zoo heev - mus txog 250 centners ib hectare.

Zoo heev ntawm tubers twb tau hais ua ntej lawm.

High stability

Qos yaj ywm "Kolobok" txaus siab rau qhov muaj koob meej vim tsis muaj kev ntseeg. Piv txwv li, nws zam lub caij ntuj sov qhuav yooj yim heev. Txawm hais tias tsuas yog ib lossis ob qho tsis hnyav nag poob hauv ib hlis, cov nroj tsuag tseem tuaj yeem nqa tau nplua nuj sau qoob loo. Ntawm chav kawm, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej phem tshaj, koj tseem yuav tsum xav txog kev ywg dej. Drip yog zoo meej, tso cai rau koj kom txuag tau noo noo thiab tib lub sijhawm txaus moisten cov hauv paus hniav thiab tubers ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

siabcov nroj tsuag kuj tsis ntshai ntawm qhov kub thiab txias - qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias muaj dej txaus kom evaporate thiab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm tubers.

kab mob thiab kab tsuag

Cov kws tshaj lij txaus siab rau qhov ntau yam no vim nws tsis raug rau ntau yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau thaum cog lwm cov qoob loo. Piv txwv li, "Kolobok" yooj yim tiv thaiv cov qos yaj ywm qog noj ntshav, ceg tawv dub, pob khaus khaus, nrog rau ntau tus kab mob: verticillium, fusarium thiab lwm yam.

Tab sis ua ntej kab kab kab, ntau yam kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv, zoo li lwm tus. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem cia siab tias qhov ntxeem tau ntawm Colorado qos beetle thiab aphids. Tsuas muaj ib txoj hauv kev los daws lawv - kev sau, thiab hauv cov xwm txheej siab tshaj - kev kho mob nrog tshuaj tua kab tshwj xeeb.

Nws nyuaj dua thaum tus neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov tsoo nrog cov kab hlau thaum sau qoob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws nyuaj rau pom nws thiab nws tseem nyob deb ntawm ib txwm ua tau los ntsuas raws sijhawm tom qab kuaj pom. Yog li, paub txog qhov muaj feem yuav raug, nws raug nquahu kom kho cov tubers nrog kev npaj tshwj xeeb ua ntej cog. Yog tias qhov no tsis ua kom tiav kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov qoob loo, ces tsawg kawg nws yuav txo cov tubers puas.

Nyob hauv kaw

Tam sim no koj paub cov lus piav qhia ntawm ntau yam qos yaj ywm "Kolobok", koj muaj lub tswv yim txog nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev saib xyuas. Yog li, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yooj yim seb nws puas haum rau koj loj hlob hauv tsev rau lub caij ntuj sov lossis thaj chaw loj, lossis nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab nrhiav qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.