MSW kev kho mob - nws yog dab tsi ntawm daim ntawv txais nyiaj? Cov khib nyiab hauv nroog

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Kev siv cov khoom lag luam hauv lub tebchaws (khoom noj khoom haus, khoom siv hauv tsev) nyiam hloov lawv cov neeg siv khoom muaj nqis thiab ua pov tseg. TCO yog dab tsi? Pov tseg yog ib lub tswv yim uas tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus meej. Nws tsis paub tias dab tsi yog pov tseg thiab dab tsi tuaj yeem muab pov tseg raws li cov khoom siv thib ob. Lub zog ib puag ncig rau kev rov ua dua ntawm cov pov tseg raws li cov peev txheej thib ob qhia txog kev sau cov pov tseg kom raug rau kev txheeb cais.

Cov tuam txhab tswj hwm tswj hwm lawv cov dej num raws li kev daws teeb meem tau txais los ntawm qib kev cai lij choj ntawm kev suav nrog cov nqi kho mob ntawm MSW hauv cov nqi hluav taws xob. Nws yog dab tsi hauv daim ntawv txais nyiaj, thiab qhov kev pabcuam no yuav siv li cas? Raws li kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm xyoo 2016, kab ke no hauv daim ntawv txais nyiaj tau tshwm sim raws li cov kab sib cais rau kev them nyiaj rau kev saib xyuas rau cov tsev apartment. Kab ntawv no txiav txim tus nqi rau kev sau cov khib nyiab hauv nroog.

Kev faib pov tseg

Nug cov lus nug, "MSW kev tswj hwm - nws yog dab tsi ntawm daim ntawv txais nyiaj?", koj yuav tsum txheeb txhua yam hauv kev txiav txim. Tag nrho cov khoom pov tseg tau muab faib ua cov chav kawm raws li qib kawmib puag ncig kev puas tsuaj. Muaj tsib tag nrho, tsuas yog qhov kawg ntawm lawv (thib 5) suav nrog hauv nroog lossis hauv tsev pov tseg. Plaub chav kawm ntxiv yog cov khoom pov tseg.

Cov khib nyiab hauv nroog muaj cov hauv qab no ntawm tiam:

• thaj chaw nyob;
• khoom ntawm kev lag luam hauv nroog, noj zaub mov rau pej xeem;
• cemeteries;
• kev kwv yees, daus yaj;
• chaw lag luam, tshwj tsis yog rau kev lag luam hauv tsev, xws li cov khoom siv hauv chaw ua haujlwm, tsheb muag khoom, thiab lwm yam.;
• Cov chaw tsim khoom siv.

MSW yog dab tsi, lub tswvyim muaj dab tsi? Cov khib nyiab tau muab faib raws li lawv lub xeev ntawm kev sib sau ua ke rau hauv cov khoom, kua thiab gaseous. Cov khoom pov tseg yog tsim nyob rau hauv kev siv pej xeem, hauv kev tsim cov khoom raws li cov khoom siv los ntawm cov khoom siv tsis siv lossis cov khoom tsim tawm. Cov dej khib nyiab - hauv cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, steel mills thiab qhov twg cov kuab tshuaj thiab ntau lwm yam kua siv. Gaseous pov tseg yog emissions (decomposition khoom) los ntawm industrial nroj tsuag tsim thaum lub sij hawm pov tseg ntawm tsev neeg pov tseg.

Municipal khoom khib nyiab

Tog tsev pov tseg raug xa mus rau qhov chaw pov tseg txhua xyoo.

Txog xyoo 2016, pov tseg tau suav tias yog hauv tsev thiab tau nkag siab tias yog pov tseg los ntawm thaj chaw nyob. MSW thiab MSW yog dab tsi? Qhov txawv yog dab tsi? Nws yooj yim los teb. Cov no yog cov khib nyiab cais raws li cov pov tseg uas tsis muaj kev phom sij, thiab lawv qhov chaw tsim khoom yog tib yam. Reforming kev them nyiaj rau vaj tse thiab kev pabcuam hauv zej zog thiab tsim cov cai tshiab raunaming thiab kev tswj pov tseg tau ua nws tus kheej hloov kho, uas tau cuam tshuam hauv cov nqi hluav taws xob.

kev tswj khib nyiab

Kev tswj cov dej khib nyiab muaj cov haujlwm xws li kev sau, khaws cia, ua tiav, rov ua dua, nruab nrab thiab pov tseg cov pov tseg. Txoj haujlwm no yog tswj hwm los ntawm Txoj Cai No 458-FZ ntawm 2016 ntawm kev tswj cov khib nyiab. Nws yog ua los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj hauv cheeb tsam rau kev kho cov khib nyiab hauv nroog. Qee zaum, qhov kev pabcuam no tau muab koom ua ke nrog lub tuam txhab tswj hwm.

Tus nqi se rau kev kho mob ntawm MSW yog txiav txim los ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam uas ua haujlwm rau thaj chaw. Kev faib tawm thiab kev teem caij mus rau txoj haujlwm ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj hauv cheeb tsam yog ua raws li thaj chaw.

txhais li cas hauv daim ntawv txais "MSW kev kho mob"? Thaum khaws thiab khaws cov khib nyiab, lawv muab pov tseg. Tus nqi ntawm cov kev pabcuam no thiab cov qauv rau lawv cov tsub zuj zuj yog xam los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj hauv cheeb tsam (raws li cov nqi se). Tus nqi saib xyuas rau cov tsev apartment raug txo los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj tus nqi pov tseg.

Lub tuam txhab tswj hwm, ua tiav daim ntawv cog lus nrog tus neeg tswj xyuas cov khoom pov tseg, xyuas kom muaj kev sau thiab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg tsis tu ncua, ua raws li lawv qhov nruab nrab thiab pov tseg. Tib lub tuam txhab yuav tsum ua kom cov cheeb tsam nyob ze ntawm lub ntim kom huv si. Tseem, qhov "MSW kev kho mob" hauv daim ntawv txais nyiaj yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog tus nqi rau kev faib cov nqi kho mob rau ib lub tsev apartment (raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub tsev no). Qhov lojtus nqi yog nyob ntawm qhov kev faib cov pov tseg, uas yog coj mus rau hauv tus account ntawm tus nqi sib cais.

Tariffs for MSW kho

Txoj cai tswjfwm cov haujlwm pov tseg suav nrog cov nqi se rau kev them nyiaj rau kev ua ub no thiab txhim kho cov nqi se rau txhua yam ntawm cov haujlwm no.

Pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg yog qhov pib rau kev teeb tsa tariffs. Lub kaw lus ntawm tariffs yog muab rau cov kev ua ub no muaj feem xyuam rau cov kev pab cuam ntawm ib cheeb tsam tus neeg teb xov tooj, lawv ua, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab pov tseg. Kev tswj hwm tariffs raug tshuaj xyuas txhua txhua rau lub hlis thiab tawg raws li cov phiaj xwm thaj chaw nrog lawv cov kev sib txawv ntawm hom, thev naus laus zis. Kev tshem tawm MSW thiab nws qhov tsis tu ncua lossis zaus suav nrog cov nqi tariff.

khib nyiab

Lub koom haum ntawm kev sau cov khib nyiab suav nrog qhov chaw nruab thiab muaj cov thawv rau kev sau thiab khaws cov khib nyiab.

MSW kev kho mob, dab tsi ntawm daim ntawv txais nyiaj? Nws puas suav nrog kev them nyiaj rau kev siv ntim khoom? Kev sib cais cov khib nyiab yog pom zoo yog tias, tom qab txheeb xyuas, lawv yuav raug siv los ua cov khoom siv thib ob (lub raj mis yas, iav, ntawv, cov khib nyiab loj).

khib nyiab

Tom qab kev khaws cia thiab khaws cia, MSW yuav tsum raug tshem tawm. Cov khib nyiab raug coj mus rau qhov chaw pov tseg tshwj xeeb lossis lwm qhov chaw muab rau lub hom phiaj no. Qhov no kuj yog ib feem ntawm MSW tuav tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv txais.

Tsis ntev tom ntej no cov tswv tau pom ib qho luv dua li lub tswv yim tshiab tshwm sim. MSW thiab MSW: qhov txawv yog dab tsi? MSW yog cov khoom pov tseg hauv tsev. Txog rau xyoo 2016, lawv cov kev tuav tsis raug rau kev lag luam nyiaj txiag, uas yog ua los ntawm kev suav thiab ua raws li lawv qhov loj. Cov qauv kev txuag nyiaj raug txiav txim raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv ib lub tsev apartment. Qhov nruab nrab loj ntawm cov khib nyiab rau ib tus neeg xauj tsev yog xam. Kev tshem tawm tsis tu ncua ntawm cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lawv cov tsub zuj zuj tso cai rau ua kom muaj tus as-qhauj txaus ntawm lawv thiab suav cov qauv tsub zuj zuj raws li tus nqi tariff. Cov cuab yeej ntsuas tau raug lees paub. Ua haujlwm nrog lawv, koj yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv tso cai.

kev kho khib nyiab

Pov tseg sorting, sau thiab npaj rau pov tseg yog ua rau lawv tom ntej siv los yog pov tseg. Cov khib nyiab uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev siv raws li cov khoom siv thib ob yog txheeb. Piv txwv li, daim ntawv uas tau khaws nws cov neeg siv khoom zoo tuaj yeem tsim nyog rau kev siv tom qab ua cov khoom siv raw hauv ntawv thiab cov khoom siv pulp.

Decontamination/decontamination thiab pov tseg pov tseg

Kev tua kab mob yog ua los ntawm kev tua kab mob, txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau los ntawm cov khib nyiab nrog lawv cov rov qab rov qab. Cov khib nyiab hauv nroog muaj cov khoom uas tau txiav txim siab los ntawm lawv cov morphological thiab feem ntau.

Cov khoom xyaw no muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm thaj chaw huab cua sib txawv thiab lub caij nyoog hloov pauv. Cov kev ntsuas no txiav txim siab cov av noo,Thaum tshav kub kub muaj peev xwm thiab qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov pov tseg, uas yog coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum xaiv txoj kev rau lawv pov tseg. Cov av noo txhawb nqa lawv ua ke, thiab thaum lawv nruab nrab hauv qhov cub - mus rau phab ntsa ntawm lub nruas. Fractional Cheebtsam ntawm MSW tuaj yeem muaj cov khoom abrasive thiab abrasive ib leeg thaum lawv compaction, xws li cov iav, porcelain, thiab hlau qhov chaw. Cov khib nyiab ntom ntom muaj lub cim raws caij nyoog, uas txhais tau tias nws yog qhov tshaj tawm thaum lub caij ntuj sov. Qhov loj nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm qhov kev sib hais haum.

Cov khib nyiab pov tseg ntawm cov chaw pov tseg tshwj xeeb, uas yog hu ua cov khib nyiab hauv nroog.

Cov no yog cov qauv engineering uas ua kom cov pov tseg pov tseg thiab tsim cov xwm txheej rau lawv qhov chaw ruaj ntseg rau lub sijhawm ntev. Lub extraction ntawm cov filtrate nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm compacting thiab nias lawv nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm lub pov tseg yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb filtration compartment.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm pov tseg rau ib puag ncig

Kev ua paug ib puag ncig nrog pov tseg yog qhov teeb meem tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig ntawm tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig ntuj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim cov tswv yim uas ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev tswj cov khib nyiab. Tam sim no nws tau pom tseeb tias hauv daim ntawv txais "MSW kev kho mob" yog kev them nyiaj rau ib puag ncig, kev huv thiab kev nyab xeeb, uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov kev pabcuam uas lav nws.

Ecological nro tsim los ntawm pov tseg tsis tau daws los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm MSW txij li xyoo 2016, tab sis tsimprerequisites rau tsim kom muaj kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv lub nroog. Ua kom tiav cov kev cai tsim nyog raws li txoj cai hauv kev npaj cov chaw rau kev sib sau thiab sau cov khib nyiab tsim cov xwm txheej rau lawv txoj kev thauj mus los nyab xeeb. Kev hloov kho vaj tse thiab kev pabcuam hauv zej zog suav nrog kev kho mob ntawm MSW hauv kev them nyiaj rau kev siv hluav taws xob. Qhov no tau tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv txais nyiaj, thiab cov nyiaj them tau txais los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj hauv cheeb tsam, uas yog thaj chaw ua haujlwm rau pej xeem.