Izhevsk Engineering cog: cov khoom, keeb kwm

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Izhevsk Tshuab-Lub Tsev Cog (Izhevsk, Udmurt koom pheej) - txij li xyoo 2013, lub taub hau kev lag luam ntawm Kalashnikov kev txhawj xeeb. Founded thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, nws yog lub chaw tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua tub rog, kev ua si, phom phom thiab phom pneumatic hauv Lavxias Federation. Ntau xyoo dhau los, cov tsheb maus taus, tsheb, cov cuab yeej siv tshuab, cov cuab yeej siv, riam phom loj tau tsim tawm ntawm no. Niaj hnub no, cov khoom siv tau ntxiv nrog cov nkoj, UAVs ("drones"), kev sib ntaus sib tua neeg hlau, cov cuaj luaj coj, cov phiaj xwm thiab lwm yam khoom siv high-tech.

Kev piav qhia

JSC "Izhevsk Tshuab-Lub Tsev Cog" tsim thiab tsim ntau yam riam phom pej xeem thiab tub rog. Qhov sib koom hauv kev lag luam hauv tsev yog li 95%, uas ua rau nws yog cov tuam txhab loj tshaj plaws hauv caj npabRussia. Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog:

• Rifles (ua phem, lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb, sniper).
• AK series phom phom.
• Pistols.
• phom tua phom, carbines.
• Pneumatic ncaws pob phom.

Raws li xyoo 2017, 51% ntawm cov shares yog muaj los ntawm Rostec kev txhawj xeeb, thiab 49% yog nyob rau hauv tes ntawm cov tub ua lag luam ntiag tug. Cov khoom lag luam ntawm Kalashnikov kev txhawj xeeb yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov npe Baikal (cov riam phom pej xeem), Kalashnikov (cov khoom siv rau tub rog) thiab Izhmash (sporting rifles).

Foundation

Izhevsk Tshuab-Lub Tsev Cog tau tsim los ntawm mining engineer A. F. Deryabin los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Alexander I thaum Lub Rau Hli 10, 1807. Emelyanovich, Dudini thiab Deryabin nws tus kheej ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub architectural project. Kev tsim riam phom yog nyob rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm Izh River. Qhov chaw raug xaiv vim yog qhov sib thooj ntawm cov hlau ua haujlwm, uas tso cai rau kev daws teeb meem logistical nrog cov khoom siv raw.

Deryabin ntiav cov kws tshaj lij txawv teb chaws los coj cov tswv Lavxias. Thawj cov riam phom yog No. Xyoo tom ntej, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub Hoobkas tau muab cov tub rog Lavxias Imperial nrog ntau dua 6,000 flints. Nyob rau hauv 1809, ntxiv rau muskets, phom thiab carbines tau ntxiv rau lub arsenal. Lub tuam txhab kuj tau tsim cov phom, cov khoom tu thiab khoom siv.

Kev Tsov Rog

Napoleonic ntxeem tau ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv lub peev xwm ntawm Izhevsk Tshuab-tsev cog. Kutuzov cov tub rog xav tau ntau yam riam phom. Cov tseem ceeb yog flintlock shotguns. Kuj muab rau cov tub rog:

• blunderbusses uas tau ntim nrog buckshot;
• Nes Guards, Lancers, Chasseurs Fittings;
• phom phom;
• dragoon muskets;
• hussar, cuirassier carbines;
• txias tho thiab txiav riam phom (pikes, halberds, sabers, cleavers, broadwords).

Nyob rau xyoo 1811-1816, kaum lub tsev zeb tau tsim, ob peb lub tsev ntoo. Los ntawm 1817, kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev loj, towering saum toj kawg nkaus, tau ua tiav. Nws muaj 4 plag tsev thiab yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj multi-storey tsev muaj nyob rau hauv Russia. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yog ntau txheej, pib nrog kev npaj ua haujlwm ntxhib (hauv pem teb qis) thiab xaus nrog kev sib dhos ntawm riam phom (nyob rau hauv pem teb sab saud).

Tseeb 19th century

Hauv xyoo 1825, lub peev xwm Arsenal tau tsim, uas cov khoom tau khaws cia. Pib txij li xyoo 1830, Izhevsk Tshuab-Lub Tsev Cog Khoom tsim cov khoom tsim los ntawm IV Hartung, Falis fortress phom, thiab tshwj xeeb boarding phom rau B altic Fleet. Xyoo 1835, kev tsim cov sabers thiab hmuv tau pauv mus rau Zlatoust.

Thaum Tsov Rog Crimean, Izhevsk tau muab cov tub rog Lavxias nrog 130,000 phom phom, ib feem peb ntawm lawv phom. Tshaj li ib nrab xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov kws tua phom tau tsim ntau tshaj 670,000 muskets thiab flintlock pistols, 220,000 capsule guns, 58,000 phom phom, suav tsis tau riam phom.

Reorganization

In 1867 Izhevskylub tshuab-tsev cog tau xauj rau cov neeg ntiag tug. Ib tug ntawm cov thawj coj yog Ludwig Nobel. Lub tuam txhab tau hloov kho tshiab, nruab nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob, cov tshuab tshiab thiab lub qhov cub qhib-hearth. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau ntau yam riam phom rau Lavxias teb sab Imperial Army: Krnka thiab Berdan hom phom loj.

Hauv xyoo 1874, cov nroj tsuag tau tsim nws tus kheej cov hlau ntau lawm. Izhevsk hlau tau txaus siab tau txais los ntawm cov phom sij ntawm Tula, Sestroretsk, Zlatoust thiab lwm lub chaw tsim khoom. Xyoo 1885, lub tuam txhab pib tsim cov riam phom tua tsiaj thiab cuab yeej. Nyob rau hauv 1891, loj zus tau tej cov phom nrov Mosin-Nagant pib. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, cov tshuab hluav taws xob tau pib siv hauv kev tsim khoom. Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua, IMZ tseem yog lub tuam txhab Lavxias nkaus xwb uas tsim phom rau txhua ceg ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias. Ua tsaug rau cov nroj tsuag, Izhevsk tau dhau los ua qhov chaw lag luam loj ntawm Russia.

Lub sijhawm hloov pauv

Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib ib, Izhevsk Tshuab-Lub Tsev Cog (Izhevsk) tau muab cov tub rog imperial nrog ntau dua 1.4 lab phom tshiab thiab kwv yees li 188,000 plhaub. Nyob rau hnub ua ntej ntawm lub kiv puag ncig, IMZ tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hauv Lavxias. Thaum xyoo 1917, muaj li 34,000 tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv khw.

Tom qab kev tsim ntawm Soviet Union xyoo 1922, kev hloov pauv loj tau tshwm sim ntawm lub tuam txhab. Tsim ib lub chaw ua haujlwm legendary tsim, kev sib cais ntawm kev tua phom tua tau raug tsim tawm, thiab rab phom submachine tsim los ntawm V. G. Fedorov tau tsim. Xyoo 1930Lub qhov cub qhib qhov cub tshiab tau muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm, thiab nws tus kheej tsim cov tsheb thiab cov cuab yeej siv tshuab tau pib. Plaub xyoos tom qab, Izhevsk CHPP, thawj zaug hauv Udmurtia, tau pib.

Introduced in the 30s:

• Hloov kho "peb kab" Mosin (1891/1930).
• Sniper phom loj.
• "Self-loading" by F. V. Tokarev.
• Tsis siv neeg phom tsim los ntawm S. G. Simonov qauv ABC-36.
• Antitank phom.
• phom phom, phom tshuab.

Xyoo 1929, hauv Izhevsk, nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia ntawm tus kws tshaj lij engineer P. V. Mozharov, maus taus tau tsim thiab tsim: Izh-1, Izh-2, Izh-3, Izh-4, Izh-5. Lawv koom nyob rau hauv lub thib ob All-Union maus taus khiav raws txoj kev Moscow - Leningrad - Kharkov - Moscow, uas pib nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 25, 1929, thiab ua tiav qhov kev xeem. Txij thaum ntawd los, nyob rau hauv Izhevsk, tsis suav nrog lub xyoo ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, zus tau tej cov tsheb pib. Tus neeg ua haujlwm raug cai ntawm kev lag luam pib los ntawm P. V. Mozharov yog lub tsheb maus taus ntawm Izhmash, uas tsim ntau tshaj 10,700,000 maus taus thaum nws muaj.

Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II

Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, Nroj Tsuag No. 74 (lub tuam txhab lub cim) tau los ua cov chaw tsim khoom tseem ceeb ntawm riam phom rau cov tub rog Soviet. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom ntawm Izhevsk Tshuab-Lub Tsev cog qoob loo nyob rau lub sijhawm xav tau no yog:

• rab phom tiv thaiv tank, ob lub tshuab Degtyarev thiab Simonov.
• Rifles, carbines (txij li xyoo 1944).
• Nagant revolvers, rab yaj phomTT.
• Cov phom dav hlau tshiab tsim los ntawm M. E. Berezin.
• Airguns 37-mm qauv 1942.
• 120mm mortar rounds.

Ntxiv rau cov khoom tiav, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub Hoobkas tau muab cov thoob rau ntau hom riam phom rau lwm lub tuam txhab riam phom. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov nroj tsuag tau tsim 11.45 lab phom thiab carbines, uas tshaj tag nrho cov khoom ntim ntawm German phom (10.3 lab). Lub tuam txhab kuj tau tsim ntau dua 15,000 phom dav hlau thiab 130,000 riam phom tiv thaiv tank.

Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Thaj Yeeb

Xyoo 1947, M. T. Kalashnikov, nrog kev pab los ntawm ib pab tub rog German coj los ntawm Hugo Schmeiser, tsim nws tus kheej AK-47 phom phom. Nws tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov tub rog Soviet thiab nrov tshaj plaws thoob plaws ntiaj teb. AK-47 tau qhuas cov nroj tsuag, muab lub zog tshiab rau kev lag luam tub rog. Tom qab ntawd Kalashnikov tau tsim kho cov phom phom loj (AKMS, AK-74 thiab lwm yam), phom tshuab (RPK). Ntawm cov kev txhim kho tom qab ntawm tus tswv yog rab phom Bizon submachine.

Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tuam txhab tsim qauv tsim tau tsim tag nrho tsev neeg ntawm cov phom tua tsiaj raws li Mosin-Nagant phom thiab AK-based carbines. Izhmash cov riam phom ua kis las tau pab pab pawg Soviet Union pheej rov qab yeej kev sib tw tua ntawm European, Ntiaj Teb thiab Lub Caij Ntuj Sov Olympic Games.

Hauv xyoo 1963, E. F. Dragunov tau tsim cov qauv ua tau zoo ntawm cov phom phom semi-automatic sniper hu ua SVD. Tom qab ntawd, nws "overgrown" nrog ntau yam kev hloov kho thiab kev txhim kho. Xyoo 1998 rau cov tub rog tshwj xeebme-caliber "sniper" SV-99 tau tsim. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua tsis hais lub niaj hnub tshuab rab phom G. N. Nikonov "Abakan", uas muaj zoo heev raug ntawm hluav taws.

Hnub no, Izhmash tseem yog tus thawj coj hauv tsev xa khoom ntawm ntau hom riam phom. Tom qab lub reorganization ntawm 2013, ntau lawm tau txais ib tug tshiab impetus nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob. Chaw nyob ntawm Izhevsk Tshuab-Lub tsev cog: 426006, Lavxias teb sab Federation, Udmurtia, Izhevsk, Deryabina passage, 3.