Howitzer "Tulip". "Tulip" - 240 hli self-propelled mortar

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Russia yog ib lub tebchaws loj, muaj kev sib cuag nrog thoob ntiaj teb. Yog li ntawd, yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm, kev sib ntaus sib tua tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv uas cov tub rog Lavxias, lossis tsawg kawg ntawm Lavxias riam phom thiab tsheb tub rog, koom nrog. Tau mus xyuas Victory Parade hauv ntau lub nroog, koj tuaj yeem pom tias cov cuab yeej sib txawv li cas: phom loj, tank, tub rog foob pob hluav taws, tsheb thauj khoom thiab tsheb rau ntau lub hom phiaj.

Cov neeg tsim khoom muab cov npe txawv txawv rau lawv cov khoom siv: Strizh thiab Mig aircraft, Grad, Smerch, Peony installations thiab tag nrho cov pob paj ntawm howitzers - Acacia, Hyacinth thiab Tulip. Tulip howitzer yog ib lub paj zoo nkauj ntawm artillery, cia peb saib kom ze rau nws.

History of Creation

Thaum lub sijhawm Khrushchev, cov tub rog phom loj tau tshaj tawm tias tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm lub sijhawm. Yuav tsum tau tsim cov foob pob hluav taws. Lub sijhawm ntawd nyob rau theem ntawm kev sim ntsuasmuaj ob peb qhov piv txwv zoo uas tau tho lub armor ntawm ib lub tank. Tab sis nws yog kev cai ua raws li qhov kev txiav txim, thiab cov cuab yeej raug tshem tawm.

Ib yam dab tsi tau khaws cia rau qhov chaw, ib tus neeg txhais tes tsis sawv los rhuav tshem lawv cov kev tsim, thiab ua tsaug rau qhov no, SU-100P Taran anti-tank phom tam sim no sawv hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm cov tsheb armored hauv Kubinka.

Tsov Rog Nyab Laj tau qhia meej txog qhov rov qab ntawm peb cov phom loj los ntawm Asmeskas. Tebchaws Asmeskas tau siv M109 kev teeb tsa, uas ntaus lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov deb mus txog 14 km. Lawv maj nrawm pib rov nco qab cov kev txhim kho qub, kom ntes nrog Sab Hnub Poob hauv kev txhim kho cov phom loj. Tom qab ntawd qhov kev tsim ntawm lub tsho hnav ris tsho tau pib nyob rau hauv Urals - "Acacia", "Hyacinth" thiab "Tulip" - howitzer, daim duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no. Lub sijhawm kawg tau muab nruj, thiab twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1971, cov tshuab tau sim teb thiab muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam. Txij thaum ntawd los, lawv tau nyob ntawd, tau kawg, nrog qee qhov kev txhim kho thiab hloov kho.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev teeb tsa "Tulip"

240-millimeter tus kheej-propelled mortar mount yog tsim los rhuav tshem cov tsev thiab fortifications uas tus yeeb ncuab siv los ua vaj tse rau nws cov neeg ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv, cov lus txib thiab kev sib txuas lus, cov phom loj, thiab lwm yam, tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau artillery flat fire. Tsis muaj analogues nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, howitzers thiab mortars ntawm lwm lub teb chaws muaj ib tug me me caliber thiab txawv kiag li yam ntxwv.

Ntxiv rau cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke, Tulip howitzer tuaj yeem tua hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thaum tseem nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyab xeeb ntawm qhov tawg nws tus kheej. Rau "Tulip"armed nrog ib tug towed 240-mm mortar M-240, uas tau siv txij li thaum 1950. Rau xyoo 1971, lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws ntawm kev tua thiab nkag mus, tab sis M-240 mortar yog tsawg mobile, muaj tsawg maneuverability, nws yuav siv sij hawm ntau. lub sij hawm coj nws mus rau hauv kev npaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, aiming thiab tawm ntawm qhov chaw tua.

Sib ntaus sib tua tsheb tsim

"Tulip" - 240 mm tus kheej-propelled mortar. Tus tsim ntawm lub installation yog thawj. Tag nrho cov artillery unit yog nyob rau ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm lub hull, cov neeg coob coob, mos txwv thiab cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub chassis hull. Sab laug yog tus thawj coj lub khob.

Cov mos txwv muaj xws li 10 daim active-reactive thiab 20 high-explosive fragmentation mines. Rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem mortar tsim rau kev tua, ib qho hydraulic system yog muab. Ntawm nws yawg koob M-240, txhua yam ua tiav los ntawm tes. Cov mos txwv yog mechanized, nruas, loading yog nqa tawm los ntawm lub breech sab ntawm lub chim. Muaj kev xaiv thauj khoom siv nrog lub crane.

Standard high-explosive mine F-864 muaj ib tug loj ntawm 130.7 kg, nws muaj tsib bursting nqi uas qhia kuv lub ceev ntawm kev txav. Muaj cov lus ceeb toom nyob rau hauv Western xov xwm hais tias active-reactive mines nrog nuclear nqi tau tsim thiab muab tso rau hauv ntau lawm rau M-240.

Lub cav diesel ntawm "Tulip" V-59 chav tso cai rau koj mus txog qhov nrawm txog 60 km / h ntawm asph alt thiab mus txog 30 km / h ntawm txoj kev av.

Raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua tsov rog niaj hnub no, Tulip howitzer tau nruab nrog cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv thiab tuaj yeem kov yeej cov kab mob.terrain thiab ua rau nws. Lub chaw thau khoom thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub tsheb tsis tas yuav tsum tau npaj tshwj xeeb ntawm txoj haujlwm rau kev tua.

Lub chassis rau lub mortar yog siv los ntawm cov khoom 305, uas zoo ib yam li lub chassis ntawm Krug anti-aircraft complex. Armored daim hlau "Tulip" tuaj yeem tiv taus cov mos txwv caliber 7-62 hom B-32 los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 300 m.

Ntse

Lub B-59 diesel cav muaj lub zog ntawm 520 tus nees thiab tso cai rau koj mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws mus txog 62.8 km / h. Nws kov yeej phab ntsa ntsug ntawm 700 hli thiab muaj zog cia ntawm 500 km. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tug trench 3 m dav thiab ib tug dej barrier 1 m tob yuav tsis nres lub Tulip.

Cov khoom siv no yog ua los ntawm cov neeg coob ntawm 5 tus neeg. Tus kheej-propelled howitzer "Tulip" hnyav 27,500 kg, ntev - txog 6.5 m, dav - 3 meters thiab ib lub hlis twg, qhov siab - 3.2 m. Ntxiv nrog rau cov phom loj ntawm 240 hli, kuj tseem muaj riam phom pab nrog lub caliber ntawm 7.62.

Qhov kev teeb tsa tuaj yeem tua tau txog li 1 txhaj tshuaj ib feeb, thiab nrog lub taw qhia thiab nce lub kaum sab xis ntawm 80-82 degrees, lub kaum sab xis ntawm 50 degrees, lub mortar tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab cov khoom zais tom qab obstacles, thaum tseem tshuav ntawm ncav cuag. Txawm tias cov neeg thuam hais tias, qhov no yog riam phom zoo - Tulip howitzer. Qhov kev sib tua ntawm rab phom loj yog 19 km.

Tests

Txhua cov cuab yeej ua tub rog tau dhau los ntawm kev sim ua ntej muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam. Tsis tau bypass no ntau thiabartillery bouquet. Ib tug ntawm cov thawj tsim qauv qhia ib zaj dab neeg txog kev xeem ntawm "Acacia".

Thaum lub sijhawm tswj xyuas, qhov kev npaj txhij txog ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws hauv lub launcher tshwm sim thaum nws nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tso tawm. Hmoov zoo, tsis muaj warhead nyob rau hauv lub foob pob ua ntxaij. Vim qhov pib nqi, nws rub tag nrho lub installation kom txog rau thaum nws tsoo lub phab ntsa, ces tawg thiab pib wag ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw cob qhia, tsis muaj neeg raug mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, "Acacia" muaj teeb meem nrog kev tshem tawm cov hmoov gases, lawv khaws cia hauv cov neeg coob coob. Kuv yuav tsum tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv siab kom cov pa roj yuav ya tawm tom qab qhov projectile los ntawm rab phom.

Howitzer "Tulip" qhia nws sab zoo tshaj plaws. Lawv siv pob zeb fortifications ua lub hom phiaj, lawv tau raug tua rau ntau xyoo, tab sis ua tsaug rau lawv lub zog, lawv rhuav tshem txhua yam. Tom qab lub Tulip volley, tsuas yog ib tug funnel 10 meters tob thiab tib qhov dav nyob ntawm lawv.

New howitzer shells

Mortars tau hloov kho, txhim kho, thiab cov plhaub tshiab tau tsim rau lawv. Nws yog tsim nyog hais txog ib qho ntawm cov no, kuv 1K113 "Daredevil". Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub lig 80s. Tsis zoo li lub mine ib txwm siv, nws muaj lub sijhawm txwv rau qhib lub qhov rais optics rau homing thiab tig lub laser rau lub hom phiaj tsim.

Tsis deb ntawm lub hom phiaj, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 200 mus rau 5000 m, muaj ib tus neeg soj ntsuam nrog lub hom phiaj tus tsim. Nws illuminates lub hom phiaj nkaus xwb thaum lub mine nyob deb ntawm 400-800 m.

Ib rab phom zoo li lub phiaj xwm ntaus lub hom phiaj nrog lub vojvoog ntawm 2-3 m nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm 80-90%.

"Tulip" hauv Afghanistan

Tom qab kev sim teb, nws yuav tsum tau sim cov phom loj hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Afghanistan yog thawj lub ntsiab lus ntawd. Tulip yog indispensable nrog nws lub peev xwm los ntaus cov yeeb ncuab nyob rau hauv lub npog thiab nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub roob, sau lub qhov tsua nrog ib tug projectile thiab poob siab ntawm impressive kev puas tsuaj. Qhov zoo ntawm Tulip tau pom tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm cov fortresses, 122-mm shells tau daig hauv phab ntsa av nplaum, thaum 240-mm shells rhuav tshem txhua yam. Ua tsaug rau lub kaum sab xis tua, koj tuaj yeem tso lub installation 20 m ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev, muab lub kaum sab xis siab tshaj plaws thiab ntaus cov yeeb ncuab uas tau npog rau sab nraud ntawm lub tsev kom nws paub tias "Tulip" yog dab tsi. Mortar, howitzer lossis tsuas yog rab phom loj - cov lus qhia tsis muaj teeb meem thaum lub plhaub nplawm saum taub hau.

Thaum siv Daredevil mine, qhov tseeb tau nce, lawv tsoo ncaj qha rau hauv qhov nkag ntawm lub qhov tsua uas cov yeeb ncuab nkaum.

Artillery is the vajtswv ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog

Nyob hauv lawv cov ntawv sau tseg, cov tub rog feem ntau khuv xim tias lawv muaj phom me me, vim tsis muaj ntau. Kev tua phom hnyav ua rau muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm tus kheej thiab nias tus yeeb ncuab rau hauv av, hais lus thiab ua piv txwv.

Installation "Tulip" tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam. Tsis muaj lub teb chaws twg muaj mortar ntawm no caliber. Nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe thiab nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, lub caliber tsis tshaj 120 mm.