Nizhnekamsk HPP: keeb kwm kev tsim kho, xwm txheej, cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

Cov txheej txheem:

Nizhnekamsk HPP: keeb kwm kev tsim kho, xwm txheej, cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Nizhnekamsk HPP: keeb kwm kev tsim kho, xwm txheej, cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

Video: Nizhnekamsk HPP: keeb kwm kev tsim kho, xwm txheej, cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

Video: Nizhnekamsk HPP: keeb kwm kev tsim kho, xwm txheej, cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Video: 7 txoj kev khwv nyiaj, yuav tau paub los mus hloov yus lub neej 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Nizhnekamskaya HPP hauv Tatarstan yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab tsuas yog lub zog lag luam hauv tebchaws txuas nrog UES ntawm Russia. Ua tsaug rau lub tuam txhab no, uas yog ib feem ntawm Tatenergo tuav, cov neeg nyob hauv cheeb tsam tau txais hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua.

Nizhnekamsk HPS
Nizhnekamsk HPS

cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

Nizhnekamsk khiav-ntawm-tus dej HPP nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan ntawm Kama River ze Yelabuga thiab Naberezhnye Chelny. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob pib xyoo 1963, thiab nws pib ua haujlwm tsuas yog xyoo 1979. HPP cov chaw suav nrog:

  • pob zeb weir dam;
  • Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws.

  • dej nyab ntug dej hiav txwv;
  • rooj vag;
  • hydroelectric tsev.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov dej nyab thiab qhov dej ntws yog 30 m thiab tag nrho ntev yog 2,976 km. Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab kev tsav tsheb yog nyob ncaj qha rau ntawm lub pas dej. Qhov nruab nrab, ntau tshaj 2 billion kWh ntawm hluav taws xob raug tsim tawm hauv lub xyoo.

Tom qab erection ntawm khaws cov qauv, lub Nizhnekamsk reservoir tau tsim. Tam sim no, FSL yog 63.3 m. Kev nce qib yuav ua rau muaj hluav taws xob ntau dua, tab sis nws tau raug txhawb nqa rau ntau xyoo lawm los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm ntawm cov cheeb tsam nyob sib ze.

Keeb kwm kev tsim kho

Nizhnekamskaya HPP pib ua haujlwm hauv xyoo 1979, thaum qhov ntim ntawm cov dej ntws mus txog 62 m. Qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tso cai, vim nws yog qhov ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm HPP thiab kev hla ntawm cov nkoj los ntawm cov xauv.. Lub reservoir dej nyab 78,000 hectares ntawm thaj av nyob ze, tab sis 173,000 hectares tau pib faib rau kev tsim kho lub chaw nres tsheb fais fab ntawm thaj tsam ntawm cov koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Udmurtia thiab thaj tsam Perm. Ua ntej dej nyab ntawm thaj chaw uas nyob ib puag ncig, kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav ntawm kev rhuav tshem hav zoov, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv zos, hloov chaw hauv vaj tse thiab kev sib txuas lus. Qhov kawg (16th ib kab) lub zog hluav taws xob tau tsim tawm hauv xyoo 1987. Los ntawm xyoo 1990, kev tswj hwm ntawm cov dej siv hluav taws xob tau npaj kom nce qib ntawm lub reservoir mus rau 68 m, uas ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam los ntawm ntau lub koom haum ib puag ncig. Yog li, theem tsis tau nce. Txog rau theem ntawm 63.5 m FSL tau tsa tsuas yog hauv 2002 raws li kev pom zoo sib koom ua ke ntawm plaub cheeb tsam.

Nizhnekamsk HPP nyob rau hauv Tatarstan
Nizhnekamsk HPP nyob rau hauv Tatarstan

Teeb meem cuam tshuam txog kev nce qib reservo

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm, qib yuav tsum nyob ib puag ncig 68 m. Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no nws yog nruab nrab, uas ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau ntawm ecology thiab kev lag luam. Txij li thaum Nizhnekamsk chaw nres tsheb fais fab hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tsawg, kev taug kev nyuaj, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tsim vaj tsev tau pib tawg. RauTsis tas li ntawd, dej blooms tau pom los ntawm xyoo mus rau xyoo. 50% ntawm thaj chaw reservoir yog ntiav (qhov tob tsis ncav cuag 2 m), uas yog qhov tsis zoo rau cov qauv kev huv. Yog tias qib nce mus txog 68 m, ntau thaj chaw nyob ib puag ncig yuav raug dej nyab.

Accident

Hauv xyoo 2010, qhov tawg tau tshwm sim ntawm Nizhnekamsk HPP, uas tau ua ntej los ntawm cov pa taws. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, 2 tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub tuam txhab raug tua, 10 raug mob. Lub hauv paus ntawm kev tawg yog ib qho kev puas tsuaj synchronous compressor uas siv cua rau cov kev xav tau ntawm lub tshuab fais fab. Qhov ua rau yog cov roj xau, uas tom qab cua sov thiab sib xyaw nrog huab cua. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tuam txhab.

Nizhnekamsk HPS Naberezhnye Chelny
Nizhnekamsk HPS Naberezhnye Chelny

Lub zog tsuas yog cog hauv Tatarstan yog Nizhnekamsk HPP. Naberezhnye Chelny thiab Yelabuga yog qhov chaw nyob ze tshaj plaws rau nws. Lub chaw nres tsheb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau pib ua haujlwm hauv xyoo 1979, tab sis txog tam sim no nws tseem tsis tau txog nws lub peev xwm tsim. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov theem ntawm lub reservoir, raws li txoj kev npaj, yuav tsum ncav cuag 68 m, tab sis tam sim no nws yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 63.5 m. Nizhnekamsk HPP yog txuas nrog lub Unified Zog System ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam. rau cheeb tsam.

Pom zoo: