2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28
Cov roj teeb siv ntau hauv kev lag luam, tab sis cov khoom siv thauj khoom yog ze tshaj rau cov neeg siv khoom loj. Thiab hauv tib cheeb tsam, cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj zog ntawm cov roj teeb zoo li no tau pom meej meej tshaj plaws. Cov teeb meem hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj teeb yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov nuances ntawm ergonomics, kev saib xyuas thiab kev saib xyuas kev ntseeg tau zoo hauv kev siv sib txawv. Tib lub sijhawm, qee qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg tau raug txo qis nrog kev pab los ntawm Absorbent Glass Mat (AGM) thev naus laus zis rov qab rau xyoo 1970s. Ib txoj hauv kev tshiab rau lub koom haum ntawm qhov chaw sab hauv, tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm electrolyte, yog qhov tseem ceeb niaj hnub no. Ntxiv mus, AGM thev naus laus zis tau dhau los ua ntau yam kev hloov kho thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej thiab niaj hnub no tso cai rau kev txhim kho cov roj teeb nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, cov roj teeb zoo li no tsis tau zam los ntawm qhov tsis txaus.
Technology overview
Qhov peculiarity ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no yog vim cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov hu ua khi electrolyte. Yog li, yog hais tias nyob rau hauv classic roj teeb kua electrochemical filling yog siv raws li ib tug active tshuaj, ces nyob rau hauv AGM systems ib ntom electrolyte yog siv. Raws li, qhov no muab tsawg kawgnce kev co tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev kho mob hauv tsev nrog xws li blocks, ntau tus neeg nco txog qhov yooj yim thiab kev ntseeg tau. Tab sis cov no tsis yog tag nrho cov yam ntxwv uas ua rau AGM thev naus laus zis. Lub absorbed electrolyte, uas yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv xws li cov roj teeb, muaj ntau yam zoo nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej. Hauv kev xyaum, nws siv tau sau tseg rau nws qhov kev tiv thaiv kub thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus ntau tus nqi. Kev siv lub tswv yim ntawm kev khi electrolyte yuav tsum muaj kev npaj tshwj xeeb ntawm rooj plaub thiab sab hauv filling.
block design
Cov ntaub ntawv no yog ua los ntawm cov yas muaj zog, uas muaj cov txheej txheem electrode. Raws li txoj cai, tom kawg yog ua los ntawm cov hlau lead, uas ua rau cov qauv zoo li no cuam tshuam nrog classical blocks. Lub ntsiab sib txawv yog nyob rau hauv cov khoom ntawm electrolyte, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm ib tug aqueous acid tov. Qhov no yog ib hom kua qaub uas ua rau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev cuam tshuam tom qab ntawm cov electrodes. Qhov tseeb, qhov sib txawv yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov filling tsis yog kua, tab sis lub xeev ruaj khov. Feem ntau, cov tuam ntxhab siv cov khoom siv microporous raws li cov iav fiber ntau los xyuas qhov xwm txheej no. Nws yog impregnated nrog electrolyte thiab yog li tsim ib tug nruj daim ntawv cog lus ntawm lub internal Cheebtsam ntawm lub block. Cov muab tub lim kuj ua raws li cov khoom sib cais, tiv thaiv cov tshuaj los ntawm kev sib kis. Txawm li cas los xij, AGM thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem muab rau lwm txoj hauv kev txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nws cov txheej txheem nws tseem zoo ib yam - txhawm rau ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb tsis poob.roj teeb.
Ntau yam ntawm AGM roj teeb
Cov qauv roj teeb ntawm hom no yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tiaj tus lossis muab kauv. Qhov no yog hais txog cov cuab yeej ntawm cov electrodes. Kauv Cheebtsam yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov dav ntawm qhov chaw electrochemical kev sib cuag, uas nyob rau hauv kev xyaum ua rau kom muaj peev xwm muab siab tam sim no rau ib lub sij hawm luv luv. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau tus neeg tsav tsheb nco ntsoov qhov kev rov qab sai ntawm lub zog muaj peev xwm. Tab sis, ntawm qhov tod tes, cov qauv nrog cov electrodes tiaj tus ua tau zoo dua cov kauv vim muaj peev xwm sib npaug ntawm lub roj teeb. Los ntawm txoj kev, gel blocks thiab tsoos lead-acid blocks txawv hauv qhov zoo sib xws. Nrog AGM thev naus laus zis, kev teeb tsa kev teeb tsa tsuas yog ua kom zoo, tso cai rau hauv cov qauv tsim los muab cov roj teeb siab tshaj plaws.
Zoo sib xws rau GEL technology
Nov yog ib pawg ntawm cov roj teeb gel uas tseem tab tom tsim raws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib raug zoo electrolyte. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug txawv txoj cai ntawm muab viscous filling yog siv. Rau qhov no, silica gel yog siv, uas npog tag nrho qhov chaw ntawm lub thaiv. Zoo li AGM thev naus laus zis, GEL roj teeb tsim cov txheej txheem muab kev co kuj thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm electrochemical filling tag nrho. Hauv qhov no, lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm cov roj teeb gel yog tshem tawm qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm luv luv Circuit Court. Ib qho nruj haum rau cov electrodes tsis tso cai rau lawv tawg thaum lub sij hawm, thiab cov electrolyte kuj zoo copes nrog nws cov hauj lwm, interacting.los ntawm qhov pores ntawm qhov muab tub lim.
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov qauv ntawm hom no muaj peev xwm tiv taus txog 1200 lub voj voog. Cov cuab yeej siv nyiaj tso cai rau koj los ntxiv cov nqi 500-600 zaug. AGM thev naus laus zis ua tau zoo ib yam. Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ob qho kev tsim qauv feem ntau zoo sib xws thiab dag hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm electrodes thiab electrolyte. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm nuances uas tsuas pom pom hauv kev xyaum.
Qhov twg zoo dua - AGM lossis GEL?
Pib nrog, nws tsim nyog hais tias cov khoom siv gel yog kim dua li AGM qauv, txawm hais tias qhov no tsis qhia lawv qhov txiaj ntsig pom tseeb. Yog li, muab kev nyiam rau cov qauv tsim nrog absorbed electrolyte yog rau cov neeg uas xav kom paub tseeb tias qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub filling rau high-power discharges. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov blocks no tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev hloov pauv sai ntawm lub zog cia. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, AGM thiab GEL thev naus laus zis tuav tus nqi kwv yees li qhov sib npaug ruaj khov - txawm li cas los xij, yog tias peb sib piv cov qauv los ntawm pawg nqi dav dav. Raws li qhov zoo ntawm gel hlwb, lawv ua tau zoo dua nyob rau hauv siab loads - piv txwv li, tom qab ib tug sib sib zog nqus paug los yog nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sab nraud hluav taws xob cuam tshuam. Rau qhov no peb tuaj yeem ntxiv qhov rigidity ntawm cov muab tub lim, uas tsis tso cai rau lub cev puas tsuaj ntawm lub filling, thaum tswj kev ncaj ncees ntawm tib lub electrode. Gel qauv nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb versions yog tsim los ntxiv dag zog rau lub zog zoo, tab sis kev vam meej nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia yog hindered los ntawm lub inevitable txo nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob zog.block.
Qhov zoo ntawm technology
Yog tias peb piv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis tawm tsam cov keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm cov roj teeb, ces qhov tsis muaj qhov xav tau kev saib xyuas yuav los ua ntej. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem hais txog lub meej mom uas siv rau txhua yam khoom siv ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev khi electrolyte. Nws yog lub kaw lus kaw, valve tswj kev tsim uas txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kua qaub. Ntawd yog, nws hais ob qho tib si txog kev ntseeg siab ntawm qhov thaiv ntawm kev tuav lub cev, thiab hais txog nws ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb. Cov cuab yeej no, los ntawm txoj kev, characterizes ob qho tib si cov khoom lag luam kim kim thiab cov qauv qis qis. AGM technologies tiv thaiv kev sau sab hauv kom ntau li ntau tau, uas tseem ua rau muaj kev nce qib ntawm cov txheej txheem electrochemical. Ntawm no dua, koj tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau ntau lub voj voog, kev rov ua kom lub zog sai thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov electrodes.
Flaws
Feem ntau qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom roj teeb no siv rau txhua yam khoom siv lead-acid. Piv txwv li, qhov no siv rau qhov hnyav hnyav, rau cov tshuaj toxicity ntawm cov hlau lead oxide, nrog rau cov kev txwv ntawm lub koom haum ntawm kev cia khoom. Hauv particular, manufacturers tsis pom zoo kom khaws cov blocks hauv lub xeev tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis zoo li kev ntseeg nrov, cov neeg tsav tsheb uas muaj kev paub dhau los nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej frosty, qhov txo qis hauv kev ua haujlwm tau tshwm sim. Qhov no yog hais txog qhov voltage fluctuation, uas feem ntau yog txo. Ntau tus kuj taw tes raulub impossibility ntawm restoration ntawm lub caij tom qab ib tug sib sib zog nqus paug. Qhov no yog lwm lub ntsiab lus uas AGM thev naus laus zis tsis zoo hauv kev ntseeg siab rau GEL kev tsim kho. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias txawm tias cov kev cai dav dav rau kev siv cov roj teeb zoo li no tau pom, cov teeb meem zoo li no tuaj yeem zam tau tag nrho.
Battery cov lus qhia
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv sulfation ntawm cov roj teeb, nws raug nquahu kom khaws lawv ntawm lawv cov nqi zoo tshaj. Raws li lub peev xwm poob lawm, lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom nquag kuj raug txo. Tsis tas li ntawd, luv luv Circuit Court nyob rau hauv lub terminals yuav tsum tsis txhob tso cai. Txawm hais tias AGM cov neeg tsim khoom siv roj teeb tau ua haujlwm hnyav los txhim kho kev ntseeg tau thiab cov ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm rooj plaub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm kev sib txuas sab nraud. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm kho AGM roj teeb. Cov thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov roj teeb tiam tshiab kuj ua rau cov neeg kho tshuab lub zog ntawm rooj plaub, tab sis txawm tias siv qhov no rau hauv tus account, ib tus yuav tsum tsis txhob cia siab ntau dhau ntawm cov yas siv rau lub plhaub. Lub roj teeb AGM qhib tsis muaj kev phom sij tsawg dua li cov roj teeb txhuas-acid.
Technology applications
Tau kawg, cov roj teeb niaj hnub nrog kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo yog siv tsis yog hauv tsheb xwb. Cov khoom siv raws li AGM technologies yog siv rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, chaw nres tsheb rau pej xeem, kev sib txuas lus, thiab lwm yam.tshuaj - tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev. Tab sis, txij li AGM thev naus laus zis hauv cov roj teeb tsis suav nrog kev siv cov hlau hnyav thiab muaj kuab lom, cov chaw tsim khoom kuj tsim kev txwv rau lawv txoj haujlwm.
Producers
Lub lag luam roj teeb hauv tsev yog saturated nrog cov qauv ntawm ntau hom, suav nrog AGM ntsiab. Tshwj xeeb, thawj ntu sawv cev rau cov khoom lag luam los ntawm Ventura, Optima, nrog rau qee qhov kev hloov kho los ntawm Stinger kab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov roj teeb zoo tshaj plaws nrog AGM thev naus laus zis, raws li ntau tus neeg tsav tsheb, yog muab los ntawm Delta thiab Varta manufacturers. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv cov tsev neeg ntawm cov tuam txhab no, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav kev hloov kho sib txawv ntawm cov blocks rau txhua qhov kev thov.
AGM roj teeb nqi pes tsawg?
Ntau yam nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv kev, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv thiab lub peev xwm, tab sis nyob rau nruab nrab tus nqi sib txawv ntawm 10 mus rau 20 txhiab rubles. Cov roj teeb uas pheej yig tshaj plaws ntawm hom no raug nqi txog 5-6 txhiab. Yog tias koj yuav ib qho qauv rau lub tsheb uas xav tau hluav taws xob, koj tuaj yeem tig mus rau ntu ntawm 20 txhiab. Qhov no yog ntau npaum li cas cov roj teeb zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha AGM raug nqi. Cov thev naus laus zis rau kev teeb tsa cov ntsiab lus ntawm absorbent electrolyte nyob rau hauv cov nqi no yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, txawm hais tias lawv kuj tsis suav nrog cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo ntawm cov chav kawm dav dav.
Zaj lus
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis hauv ntau qhov chaw feem ntau ua rau muaj kev ua lag luam, tab sis dhau sij hawm txhua yam rov qab mus rau qhov qub thiabcov neeg siv khoom tseem nyiam cov khoom siv niaj hnub. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov developers ntawm tshiab kev daws teeb meem nyob rau hauv kev tshaj tawm tsom rau qhov zoo, tsis tas yuav nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov tsis txaus. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tab sis kev paub tsav tsheb thiab tsuas yog cov kws tshwj xeeb yeej paub zoo txog ob qho tib si pros thiab cons uas AGM technology muab. Lead-acid roj teeb, txawm tias muaj cov electrolyte ntom, tsis tas yuav tsum tau rhiab heev rau voltage te, yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo tib yam, thiab tib lub sijhawm tsis pheej yig. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum qhov kev xaiv no yuav ua tiav nws tus kheej. AGM roj teeb ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb uas tsom mus rau lub zog txhua yam ntawm lub roj teeb, nws cov kav ntev thiab kev ua haujlwm. Tab sis cov khoom zoo no tuaj yeem khaws cia tau ntau xyoo tsuas yog ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev ua haujlwm roj teeb.
Pom zoo:
Vuam hauv cov roj tiv thaiv: hom, thev naus laus zis, daim ntawv thov, GOST
Cov kab lus no tau mob siab rau kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm vuam hauv kev tiv thaiv roj ib puag ncig. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm, kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm, kev ua haujlwm vuam tau zoo, kev cuam tshuam ntawm gaseous media ntawm qhov zoo ntawm kev tsim vuam, thiab lwm yam
Kev ua cov pa roj ntuj: txoj hauv kev thiab thev naus laus zis
Kev vam meej ntawm kev lag luam loj tshaj plaws yog ua tsis tau yam tsis muaj cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo - cov roj ntsha. Nws siv tsis tau tsuas yog automates ntau cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho kev ua neej nyob ntawm cov pej xeem
Kev siv cov khoom siv roj av: txoj hauv kev thiab thev naus laus zis
Refining infrastructure suav nrog kev cia khoom, twj tso kua mis thiab pom cov chaw, txhua qhov ntawm qhov sib txawv, tawm cov khib nyiab nyoos uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg raws sij hawm ntawm cov khoom siv roj av uas tsis tuaj yeem siv hauv kev lag luam lossis kev pabcuam thauj mus los
Kev npaj cov roj rau kev ua: cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, txoj hauv kev thiab thev naus laus zis
Ua los ntawm lub qhov dej ntawm cov roj teb tsis yog cov khoom siv raw hauv lawv daim ntawv ntshiab. Ua ntej cov theem ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb nrog kev txais cov khoom lag luam nrog cov neeg siv khoom tsim nyog, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yav tom ntej mus dhau ntau theem kev ua haujlwm. Qhov xav tau rau kev siv cov txheej txheem no yog vim qhov pib kis ntawm cov roj crude
Roj stabilization: thev naus laus zis piav qhia, txheej txheem kev npaj, kev teeb tsa
Txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov roj qhov dej hauv cov teb feem ntau nrog dej nyab ntawm cov txheej txheem kho, tiv thaiv cov dej ruaj khov-roj emulsions tsim. Qhov tshwm sim yog tsim los ntawm precipitates, uas ua rau kom cov viscosity ntawm qhov sib tov thiab nce nws cov ntsiab lus ncuav. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev no, cov peev txheej yuav tsum tau ua rau kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb, ib qho ntawm cov stabilization ntawm cov roj thiab lwm yam emulsions