Valve ntes: cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, hom, txoj cai ntawm kev ua haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Valve-hom ntes yog siv hauv hluav taws xob circuits. Cov cuab yeej no tsim nyog txhawm rau tiv thaiv atmospheric overload. Tsis tas li ntawd, valve ntes thiab surge arresters tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam kev hloov pauv. Cov cuab yeej tau nruab feem ntau tom qab insulators. Cov tsis tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg ntes muaj xws li chav kawm voltage thiab nominal zaus.

Punching overload hauv cov khoom siv sib txawv heev. Yog tias peb xav txog kev hloov kho nyob ruaj khov, ces qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Lub valve ntes tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm 15 txhiab rubles.

Cov cuab yeej thiab lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov kho

Ib tus qauv valve-hom ntes suav nrog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab lub txhab nyiaj capacitor. Discs feem ntau yog ntsia rau saum cov qauv. Cov khoom siv tsav yog ntawm hom tsis tshua muaj siab. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias muaj cov khoom siv nrog cov ntawv kaw tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm impulse conductivity, lawv txawv heev. Ntau qhov kev hloov kho ua haujlwm los ntawm lub module.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub valve ntes yog raws li kev hloov pauv tam sim no. ATUa ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, voltage yog siv rau daim hlau. Resistor yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev cuam tshuam sib nqus. Lub txhab nyiaj capacitor tso cai rau tam sim no hla nws hauv ib qho kev taw qhia nkaus xwb. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem hloov dua siab tshiab yuav siv qhov chaw hauv lub modulator. Cov zis yog alternating tam sim no nrog ib tug zaus ntawm tsawg kawg yog 20 Hz.

Device types

Los ntawm kev tsim, hloov pauv thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg yog qhov txawv. Tubular hloov kho yog siv nyob rau hauv substations. Cov khoom siv hloov pauv tau txawv los ntawm kev siv ntau zaus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov ntsuas voltage ntawm kev hloov kho yog nyob rau theem ntawm 300 V. Kev tiv thaiv kab ke yog siv nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm sib txawv. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg yog tsim rau PK series transformers.

Kev ua haujlwm zaus yog ntawm 55 Hz. Tubular li siv nyob rau hauv tes hauj lwm nrog alternating tam sim no. Kev hloov kho hlau nplaum yog tsim rau cov transformers ntawm PE series. Cov khoom siv nyob ruaj ruaj tau muab faib rau hauv ib pawg cais. Lawv cov nominal voltage parameter tuaj yeem ncav cuag 340 W.

Hloov cov qauv

Lub kaw lus hloov pauv yog qhov zoo rau cov nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm sib txawv. Disks nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog siv rau high conductivity. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, qhov rhiab heev ntawm cov khoom siv capacitor nce mus txog 30 mV. Ntau tus qauv siv lub diode thaiv, uas tiv thaiv lub module los ntawm hlawv tawm.

Ncaj nraim, siv cov resistors, raws li txoj cai, ntawm hom nthwv dej, cov hauv ob sab phlu yog ntsia ntawm qhov siab me me. Rau cov transformers ntawm RK series, cov neeg ntes no tsis tsim nyog. Tsim nyog kev hloov kho kom zoohauv 14.500 rub.

Tsis muaj hluav taws xob ntes

Tsawg-voltage spark gap yog qhov zoo vim nws tsis ntshai ntawm kev cuam tshuam sib nqus. Tus tsav yog siv tsawg zaus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 100 - 200 V. Ntau qhov kev hloov kho tuaj yeem khav theeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab thiab tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias cov cuab yeej zoo rau PK series transformers.

Qhov kev tiv thaiv tus neeg ntes yog siv hauv chav kawm ME40. Kev khiav dej num yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 90%. Atmospheric overloads nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, hluav taws xob Circuit Court tsis txaus ntshai. Cov neeg ntes tsis haum rau transformers ntawm KE series. Capacitor blocks yog siv ntawm no nrog lub zog qis. Tus neeg siv tuaj yeem yuav tus neeg ntes tau zoo ntawm tus nqi ntawm 8 txhiab rubles.

Tubular modifications

Tubular thiab valve ntes zoo ib yam. Lawv muaj ntau heev nyob rau hauv substations. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm kev hloov kho tubular yog nyob rau hauv uas tsis muaj conductive muaj peev xwm. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov kev ua haujlwm zaus nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 40-50 Hz. Ntau qhov kev hloov kho yog tsim rau transformers ntawm KE series. Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau chav kawm.

Qhov kev tawg ntawm qhov hluav taws xob, raws li txoj cai, tsis pub tshaj 500 V. Cov av noo ntawm tus ntes tsis ntau tshaj 80%. Lawv tsis ntshai ntawm atmospheric overloads, lub cev tiv thaiv zoo kawg nkaus. Nozzles rau cov khoom siv feem ntau yog siv los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke. Overlays nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsis tshua muaj siv. Cov disks tau nruab rau ntawm qhov deb me me ntawm ib leeg.

Kev hloov kho nrog ob lub thawv capacitor yog qhov tsawg heev. Lawv lub peev xwm yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 500 microns. Feem ntau, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tsis tshaj 450 watts. CR tiv thaiv tshuab tsis tshua siv. Dipole-type resistors yeej tsis haum rau kev hloov kho. Tus nqi ntawm qhov zoo ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm 14 txog 20 txhiab rubles.

Ntev hneev qauv

Lub valve ntes nrog qhov txuas txuas ntxiv tsuas yog siv rau hauv qhov hloov pauv tam sim no. Ntau tus kws tshaj lij hais tias kev hloov kho muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, teeb meem nrog qhov tsis zoo polarity tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj. Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv feem ntau yog siv hauv chav kawm PK40. Kev khiav dej num ntawm cov neeg ntes yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 90%. Atmospheric overloads tsis txaus ntshai rau cov khoom siv no.

Cov kev hloov kho no tsis haum rau RA series transformers. Yog hais tias peb tham txog qhov tsis, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias lawv cov nominal voltage tsis siab heev. Hauv qhov no, qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 66 Hz. Pinching blocks yog siv nrog sib txawv conductivity. Cov discs feem ntau yog ntsia rau saum cov qauv. Qhov ntim ntawm lub capacitor hloov pauv ntawm 50 pF. Koj tuaj yeem yuav tus neeg ntes tau zoo hauv khw muag khoom hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb tsuas yog 15 txhiab rubles.

Ntawm tus neeg nres nres

Stationary arresters tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm transformers ntawm KE series. Kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov qauv yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau chav kawm. Yog tias koj ntseeg qhov kev xav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, ces lawv cov conductivity yog qhov nruab nrab sib npaug120 microns. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv tau tsim nrog cov disks ntawm ob sab. Ntau tus qauv khav theeb siab rhiab heev. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias cov khoom siv capacitor siv nrog thiab tsis muaj cov hloov pauv. Qhov siab tshaj plaws capacitance yog 50 pF.

Cov neeg nyob ruaj ruaj yog qhov zoo rau kev ua haujlwm hauv kev hloov pauv tam sim no, lawv tsis ntshai ntawm huab cua overloads. Resistor feem ntau yog hom dipole. Hauv qhov no, chav kawm voltage nyob ntawm tus modulator. Qee qhov kev hloov kho tau tso cai siv rau ntawm PK40 series transformers. Lub thawv Capacitor yog siv rau lub zog qis, tab sis muaj lub lim dej rau kev cuam tshuam sib nqus. Tus neeg siv tuaj yeem yuav tus neeg ntes zoo ntawm tus nqi ntawm 30 txhiab rubles.

Magnetic modification parameters

Magnetic valve ntes yog tsim nrog ib lossis ntau lub adapters. Qhov taw qhia nominal voltage yog hais txog 500 V. Cov khoom siv tsis muaj cov ntxaij lim dej yog tsawg heev. Cov ntsuas yog siv hom dipole nkaus xwb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, condenser thawv yog ntsia rau hauv ntau qhov sib txawv. Feem ntau, cov hlau nplaum ntes tau ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg. Kev khiav hauj lwm zaus nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog khaws cia nyob ib ncig ntawm 50 Hz. Cov khoom siv tsis haum rau kev ua haujlwm hauv DC Circuit Court.

Qhov hluav taws xob tawg tsis yog siab heev. Valve ntes tau raug sim siv wired testers. Cov av noo ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov kho yog nyob rau theem ntawm 60%. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv tau nruab rau ntawm bushings. Lawv daim phiajtxuas ob sab saum toj thiab hauv qab. Tus neeg siv tuaj yeem yuav tus neeg ntes zoo ntawm tus nqi ntawm 15 txhiab rubles.

Ntawm ntawm PBO series li 12

Lub valve ntes ntawm cov koob no yog siv ntawm cov chaw hloov pauv hloov pauv kom tsis txhob muaj huab cua ntau dhau. Nws qhov taw qhia nominal voltage yog 300 V. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov cuab yeej tsis ntshai ntawm cov teeb meem nrog kev hloov pauv tsis zoo, qhov kev hloov kho no muaj lub lim dej dipole. Yog tias peb tham txog cov qauv tsim, cov kws tshaj lij nco txog qhov chaw qis ntawm cov disks. Central adapters nyob ze ntawm lub modulator. Lub txhab nyiaj capacitor ua haujlwm ntawm qhov zaus ntawm 30 Hz. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws capacitance yog 5 pF. Lub zog tawg ntawm lub cuab yeej yog 500V.

Kev tiv thaiv kev siv chav kawm PK50. Yog tias koj ntseeg qhov kev xav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, ces cov cuab yeej tsis haum rau high-voltage transformers. Hloov cuam tshuam ntawm tus qauv no tsis txaus ntshai. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov chaw nruab nrab kub hnyiab tawm hauv qee kis. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev khiav hauj lwm av noo ntawm tus ntes yog nyob rau theem ntawm 30%. Tus neeg siv tuaj yeem yuav tus qauv ntawm cov koob no los ntawm 20 txhiab rubles.

Tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg ntes RVO 10

RVO 10 valve ntes yog qhov nthuav hauv qhov nws muaj ob lub modulators. Qhov zaus hauv qhov no yog tswj los ntawm module. Cov txheej txheem hloov dua siab tshiab tsis siv sijhawm ntau los ntawm tus neeg ntes. Cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau hais tias cov cuab yeej no zoo heev rau PK series transformers. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov systemkev tiv thaiv yog qhov zoo, thiab cov av noo ua haujlwm yog nyob rau theem ntawm 60%. Tus neeg siv tuaj yeem yuav lub valve ntes RVO 10 ntawm tus nqi ntawm 18 txhiab rubles.

Qhov txawv ntawm PBC series li 35

RVS valve ntes ua haujlwm hauv DC Circuit Court. Kev hloov kho tsuas yog tsim rau transformers ntawm PE series. Cov conductivity ntawm cov disks yog siab heev. Tsis tas li, cov kws tshaj lij hais tias cov txheej txheem hloov dua siab tshiab tam sim no tsis siv sijhawm ntau.

Lub txhab nyiaj capacitor txais cov peev txheej siab. Lub rhiab heev ntawm lub module yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 50 mV. Rau transformers ntawm KE50 series, kev hloov kho tsis haum. Kev khiav dej num ntawm tus ntes yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 60%. Tus neeg siv tuaj yeem yuav qhov kev hloov kho no ntawm tus nqi ntawm 22 txhiab rubles.

Ntawm ntawm PBO 40 series li

Lub valve ntes ntawm cov khoom nthuav tawm muaj ntau qhov zoo. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias nws tuav conductivity nyob rau theem ntawm 50 microns. Rau kev hloov kho tubular, qhov no yog ntau heev. Tsis tas li, cov kws tshaj lij hais tias cov khoom siv tau tso cai ua haujlwm hauv AC networks. Rau cov transformers ntawm PK series, lawv haum zoo heev. Qhov chaw pib conductivity ntawm cov neeg ntes ntawm cov khoom nthuav tawm yog khaws cia nyob ib ncig ntawm 55 microns.

Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tsis tshaj 400 V. Cov khoom siv tsis tsim nyog rau transformers ntawm KE series. Capacitor thaiv yog siv lub peev xwm loj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug tiv thaiv system ntawm chav kawm ntawv AK 50 yog siv. B. Qhov kev hloov kho tsis muab cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam yoj. Kev khiav dej num ntawm tus ntes yog 50%. Tus neeg siv tuaj yeem yuav tus qauv rau 18 txhiab rubles.

yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg ntes 10

Tus surge arrester yog siv ntawm RK series transformers. Insulators nyob rau hauv nws tsuas yog haum rau me me dav. Yog hais tias koj ntseeg hais tias lub tswv yim ntawm cov kws txawj, ces lub conductivity ntawm tus ntes ntawm no series yog heev siab. Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob yog nyob rau theem ntawm 450 V. Lub sijhawm no, qhov hloov pauv permeability yog nyob rau theem ntawm 40 microns. Kev tiv thaiv kev hloov kho siv cov chav kawm PE. Hauv AC network, lub txhab nyiaj capacitor tsis tshua muaj overheats.

Kev hloov kho tsis tshua siv los ua haujlwm nrog MO transformer. Lub capacitance ntawm lub txhab nyiaj capacitor yog raws nraim 50 pF. Tus neeg xyuas pib linear, uas tawm tsam cov suab nrov impulse, tsim nyog saib xyuas tshwj xeeb hauv cov cuab yeej. Kev hloov pauv tsis zoo yog tsis txaus ntshai rau nws. Cais, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov av noo ntawm tus ntes yog 80%. Tus neeg siv tuaj yeem yuav nws rau 20 txhiab rubles.