Sowing zoo ntawm cov noob: txoj kev txiav txim siab purity thiab pov tseg ntawm cov noob
Sowing zoo ntawm cov noob: txoj kev txiav txim siab purity thiab pov tseg ntawm cov noob

Video: Sowing zoo ntawm cov noob: txoj kev txiav txim siab purity thiab pov tseg ntawm cov noob

Video: Sowing zoo ntawm cov noob: txoj kev txiav txim siab purity thiab pov tseg ntawm cov noob
Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Yuav kom tau txais cov qoob loo zoo ntawm cov qoob loo thiab zaub, rau kev tseb, tau kawg, koj yuav tsum siv cov khoom cog tsuas yog raws li GOST cov cai. Kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov noob feem ntau txiav txim siab sai npaum li cas thiab raug ntau yam nroj tsuag ua liaj ua teb yuav loj hlob yav tom ntej.

Seed varietal qualities

Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb no uas agronomists tau saib xyuas ua ntej cog qoob loo ua liaj ua teb thawj zaug. Varietal zoo ntawm cov noob tau txiav txim siab:

  • raws li morphological nta hauv tsos;
  • by nqa tawm av varietal tswj.

Kev sim teb nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no txhais tau tias, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov qoob loo kom ua raws li cov cai ntawm cov noob qoob loo thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Los ntawm ntau yam tsim nyog, cov khoom cog rau cov qoob loo ua liaj ua teb tau faib ua ntau pawg (OS, RS, Rst, ES), txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej GOST cov cai.

Varietal zoo ntawm cov noob
Varietal zoo ntawm cov noob

Dab tsi yog noob zoo

Siv cov noob uas ua tau raws li tus qauv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam tso cai rau koj kom tau txais txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej sowing, cov khoom cog, ntawm chav kawm, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov zoo ntawm sowing. Hauv qhov no, cov noob yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai ntawm GOST.

Lawv hu ua kev tseb noob zoo ib txheej ntawm cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv uas txiav txim siab qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom cog rau kev cog qoob loo. Hauv qhov no, cov noob raug kuaj xyuas rau ntau qhov ntsuas ib zaug.

Yuav txiav txim siab li cas

Varietal cog khoom nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav tsum tau germinating, tsis txhob kis kab mob larvae, fungi, thiab lwm yam. Sowing zoo ntawm noob ntawm ntau yam kev ua liaj ua teb cov qoob loo yog txiav txim los ntawm:

  • germination;
  • kev huv;
  • kev loj hlob zog;
  • humidity;
  • mass.

Qee zaum, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom cog kuj raug txiav txim siab.

noob purity

Thaum khaws cia lossis kev thauj mus los, cov khoom cog ntawm cov qoob loo sib txawv, hmoov tsis, tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua ke. Cov kev cai tso cai rau qhov no, tab sis nyob rau hauv qee qhov kev txwv. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, thaum txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm cov noob qoob loo, nws pom tias muaj pes tsawg impurities ntawm cov khoom cog ntawm lwm cov qoob loo muaj nyob rau hauv cov cai tswj. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv kuj tshawb xyuas seb puas muaj cov noob nroj tsuag.

Purity ntawm cov khoom cog
Purity ntawm cov khoom cog

Qhia nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no thaum txiav txim siab sowing zoo ntawm GOST noob, muab rau qhov siab tshaj plawstso cai tus nqi ntawm impurities rau txhua pawg ntau yam.

germination

Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas no, coj qee tus lej ntawm cov noob thiab germinate lawv. Yog li, kuaj germination raug lees paub. Nws qib yog txiav txim siab raws li qhov sib piv ntawm ib txwm germinated noob rau lawv tus lej tag nrho hauv cov qauv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, xws li cov khoom cog yog hu ua germinated, uas:

  • cag tau loj hlob tsis tsawg dua qhov ntev ntawm cov noob nws tus kheej;
  • sprout tsawg kawg yog ib nrab ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov noob (rau nplej thiab rye).

Nroj cov noob thaum txiav txim siab kuaj germination hauv qhov ntsuas kub ntawm 20-22 ° C. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau kav 7-8 hnub.

Tseem muaj xws li tej yam xws li teb germination. Nws yog txiav txim los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm sprouts uas tshwm nyob rau hauv relation to tus naj npawb ntawm cov noob sown. Feem ntau, teb germination yog 5-20% tsawg dua qhov kuaj.

Noob germination
Noob germination

Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb

Qhov ntsuas no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm staining lub embryos hauv cov noob thaum siav. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom cog ntoo yog tshuaj xyuas ntau zaus. Potassium iodide, tetrazole thiab indigo carmine yog siv rau cov noob xim. Thawj ob qhov kev npaj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov noob qoob loo nkaus xwb, thiab qhov kawg - tsuas yog mus rau hauv cov neeg tuag xwb.

Cov khoom cog tau tshawb xyuas, thaum txiav txim siab muaj txiaj ntsig, yog thawj zaug soaked kom txog thaum o. Tom qab ntawd cov embryo raug tshem tawm ntawm cov noob thiab stained. Kev kuaj xyuas qhov piv ntawm cov nyob thiab cov hlwb tuag yog ua los ntawm txoj kev luminescent.

Noob xim
Noob xim

Growth Energy

Tau kawg, cov khoom cog yuav tsum ua ntej ntawm txhua yam ua raws li GOST. Los ntawm varietal thiab sowing zoo ntawm cov noob, ntawm lwm yam, nyob ntawm xws li ib tug zoo xws li cov uniformity ntawm germination. Kev loj hlob lub zog yog txhais raws li feem pua ntawm cov noob uas muab cov hauv paus hniav thiab sprouts rau ib lub sij hawm tshwj xeeb. Yog li, cov khoom cog feem ntau yog kuaj rau 3-4 hnub.

Tau kawg, rau kev cog qoob loo hauv teb nws yuav tsum siv cov noob muaj zog. Yog tias daim duab no tsawg, cov noob yuav tom qab ntawd maj mam tshwm. Ntawm lwm yam, qhov kub thiab av noo tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauv cov teb nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev. Piv txwv li, vim dej qhuav, ntau cov noob yuav tsis germinate ib zaug.

Sowing zoo ntawm cereal noob: noo noo cov ntsiab lus

Qhov ntsuas no feem ntau tsis siab dhau rau cov noob zoo. Cov khoom cog qhuav qhuav yog khaws cia zoo dua, tsis txhob puas los ntawm kab thiab fungi. Raws li GOST cov qauv, cov noob noo noo rau txhua cov qoob loo yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj qee qhov ntsuas:

  • rau legumes thiab nplej - 15.5%;
  • rau flax thiab rapeseed - 12%;
  • rau cov qoob loo caij ntuj no - 12-15%, thiab lwm yam.

mass

Thaum txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm cov noob qoob loo, thiab lwm yam, xyuam xim rau lawv qhov loj me. Ua ntej sowing, cog cov khoom, ntawm lwm yam, kuj yog hnyav. Qhov loj ntawm 1000 noob yog siv ntxiv los xam qhov hnyav cog tus nqi.

Yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhim kho cov qoob loo zoo: thev naus laus zisloj hlob thiab sau qoob

Yuav kom tau txais cov khoom cog zoo, ntau yam kev ua ub no tuaj yeem ua hauv teb. Noob yog muab los ntawm cov nroj tsuag zus feem ntau nyob rau hauv nyias qhov chaw. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev saib xyuas rau cov av zoo li no yog ua los ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no, lawv xyuas kom meej tias cov nroj tsuag muaj teeb pom kev zoo, watered thiab fertilized raws sij hawm.

Qee zaum cov noob kuj tau sau los ntawm cov teb zoo tib yam uas tsis raug xaiv rau lawv cog. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cog cov khoom yuav tsum tau coj tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov nroj tsuag tsim nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau haum tej yam kev mob. Tsis pub coj cov khoom cog los ntawm cov qoob loo poob.

Cia

Qhov zoo ntawm cov noob qoob loo yog nyob ntawm, ntawm lwm yam, ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm lawv qhov chaw cia. Kev cog cov khoom khaws cia hauv teb, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, yuav tsum tau ua thawj zaug tu:

  • los ntawm rubbish;
  • tawg nplej;
  • weed noob.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov noob yuav tsum tau qhuav kom zoo thiab cais. Cov khoom cog uas tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem no khaws nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua yav tom ntej.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws

Hmoov tsis zoo, cov khoom cog ntawm ntau hom qoob loo ua liaj ua teb tau kis mus rau txhua hom fungi thiab kab. Yog li ntawd, cov noob feem ntau yog kho ua ntej cog. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm txoj kev qhuav nrog moistening tsis pub ntau tshaj 10 litres dej rau 1 tuj ntawm cov khoom cog.

Noob hnav khaub ncaws
Noob hnav khaub ncaws

Tawm tsam plua plav taub hau ntawm cereal, thiab lwm yam, hauv kev npaj rau kev cog qoob loo,Kev kho cua sov ntawm cov noob kuj ua tiav. Cov khoom cog hauv qhov no yog thawj zaug rhuab hauv dej ntawm qhov kub ntawm 28-32 ° C rau 4 teev. Tom ntej no, cov noob muab tso rau hauv dej ntawm qhov kub ntawm 50-53 ° C rau 7-10 feeb.

Seed hardening

Sowing indicators of seed quality can also be improved with the help of this process. Hardening tsis tsuas yog ua rau seedlings ntau resistant rau txias, tab sis kuj tso cai rau koj mus nce productivity. Xws li kev kho cov noob tuaj yeem ua tiav siv cov thev naus laus zis sib txawv. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog khaws cov khoom cog o ntawm qhov kub ntawm 0-1 ° C thaum nruab hnub. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee zaum cov khoom cog tau muab tso rau hauv lub hnub thaum nruab hnub rau 6 teev thiab hmo ntuj hauv qhov chaw txias rau 18 teev. Txhua lub voj voog yog rov ua dua 3-4 zaug.

Kev kos duab

Cov noob ntawm beets, zaub, legumes tuaj yeem raug ua raws li cov txheej txheem ua ntej cog. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv lub hnab nrog lub plhaub tiv thaiv cov khoom noj hauv ib qho khoom tshwj xeeb. Rau drageeing, cov noob ntawm tib qhov loj yog xaiv.

Cog noob
Cog noob

Kev siv cov tshuaj stimulants

Cov tshuaj no yog siv los ua kom lub zog ntawm cov noob loj hlob. Rau lub hom phiaj no, piv txwv li, sodium humate, Vympel, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem siv tau. Kev cog cov khoom siv hauv txoj kev no tso cai rau koj kom germination txog li 15%. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag tsim muaj zog hauv paus system. Cov nroj tsuag kuj muaj 50% nce ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov stems.

Siv qhov xaus

Tshuaj xyuas sowing thiab varietal zoocov noob ua ntej cog qoob loo yuav tsum yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tau txais cov qoob loo zoo ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los siv rau cog tsuas yog cov noob uas raws nraim raws li cov cai ntawm GOST.

Cov noob pob kws
Cov noob pob kws

Thiab, tau kawg, txhawm rau kom tau txais cov qoob loo zoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum txhim kho cov khoom cog zoo ua ntej tseb los ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws, tawv, txiav, thiab lwm yam.

Pom zoo: