Dub hlau seem. Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm Remelting
Dub hlau seem. Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm Remelting

Video: Dub hlau seem. Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm Remelting

Video: Dub hlau seem. Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm Remelting
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Cov kab lus piav qhia seb cov khoom siv ferrous yog dab tsi, nws tsim li cas thiab nws yuav siv li cas hauv kev lag luam.

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dub hlau seem
dub hlau seem

Hlau tau paub rau noob neej txij thaum immemorial, thiab nws tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev loj hlob ntawm tib neeg. Cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm thawj zaug yog ua los ntawm tooj liab, thiab tom qab ntawd tooj liab, tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tsis ruaj khov thiab poob sai sai. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws tau siv hauv riam phom. Tab sis nrog kev tshawb pom ntawm ib txoj kev rau smelting hlau ore, txhua yam hloov. Lawm, hlau tsis txaus, txij li cov txheej txheem ntawm nws cov khoom siv tau ntev thiab mob siab rau, thiab qhov zoo tshuav ntau yam xav tau. Tab sis thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th thiab pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, nrog rau kev rho tawm ntawm cov thee, txhua yam hloov pauv. Ib hom roj tshiab ua rau nws tuaj yeem tsim cov hlau loj thiab ua kom muaj kev lag luam kiv puag ncig. Tab sis dab tsi yog dub hlau seem? Vim li cas nws thiaj li tsim thiab yuav siv tau li cas? Peb mam li paub.

Terminology

ferrous seem
ferrous seem

Raws li cov lus txhais, cov hlau nplaum yog lub npe ntawm cov khib nyiab los ntawm kev lag luam metallurgical, hlau khib nyiab thiab hlau aggregates uas tau dhau los siv tsis tau. Nws muab faib uauas yog pov tseg ntawm lub voj voog thib ob, thiab ib qho uas qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav. Cias muab, ferrous hlau seem yog hlau uas tsis siv rau nws lub hom phiaj, tab sis, tau remelted, nws yuav siv tau dua. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov zoo li ntuj tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom kawg ntawm lub neej, cov khoom seem hlau kuj zoo li cov khib nyiab hauv ib qho kev lag luam. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm casting pov tseg (tee), nplai los yog chips thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm ntawm tig thiab milling tshuab. Rau cov laj thawj nyiaj txiag, nws muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua rau kev tshem cov hlau ferrous ntau dua li ua tib yam los ntawm ore.

Ecology kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb - cov khoom ntawm cov hlau oxides ua paug rau ib puag ncig tsawg dua cov hlau tsis muaj hlau, piv txwv li, tib cov hlau lead, tab sis qhov kev tu tas li ntawm cov dej hauv lub cev thiab cov chaw pov tseg los ntawm cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. xwm.

Khoom ntawm cov hlau ferrous: hom

Tom qab nkag mus rau cov khoom siv rov ua dua lossis rov ua dua tshiab, cov hlau dub yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas, thiab txawm tias thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, qhov sib txawv me me, tab sis nws tsis yog. Thawj txheeb los ntawm hom hlau: hlau, cam khwb cia hlau, stainless hlau. Tom qab ntawd, raws li feem pua ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide, nws muab faib ua ob chav kawm, thiab rov ua ob chav kawm raws li cov khoom siv alloying. Qhov kawg faib tshwm sim raws li qhov zoo, muaj 28 degrees nyob rau hauv tag nrho. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd nws mus tsis tau yaj. Nrog cov hlau tsis-ferrous, txhua yam yog qhov nyuaj me ntsis, tab sis peb yuav tsis nyob ntawm nws, vim peb tsuas yog xav txog cov khoom seem ferrous xwb.

Yog vim li cas thiab muaj txiaj ntsig

ferrous thiab non-ferrous hlau seem
ferrous thiab non-ferrous hlau seem

Raws li twb tau hais lawm, ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj rau kev rov ua dua tshiab yog txiaj ntsig kev lag luam, vim nws yooj yim rau yaj cov khib nyiab hlau ntau dua li pib ua cov txheej txheem los ntawm kos. Tab sis, raws li nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev thev naus laus zis, kev tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom seem cuam tshuam rau lwm qhov tseem ceeb.

Ua ntej, hlau ore deposits yog depleted heev. Txawm hais tias nws cov feem pua ntawm lub ntiaj teb crust yog siab heev piv rau lwm tus, tib neeg tau muab rho tawm ntawm cov kev lag luam loj rau ntau tshaj li ib puas xyoo.

Thib ob, kev siv roj rau smelting ore - thee - txo qis, cov reserves uas tseem nyob deb ntawm unlimited. Qhov no tseem ua rau txo qis carbon dioxide emissions rau hauv cov huab cua thiab, yog li ntawd, cov nyhuv tsev cog khoom. Hauv ib lo lus, ferrous thiab non-ferrous hlau seem thiab nws cov txheej txheem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub xeev kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig feem ntau.

qhov kev coj ua no tau muaj nyob hauv txhua lub tebchaws tsim tau ntau tshaj li ib puas xyoo.

Business

seem thiab pov tseg ntawm ferrous hlau
seem thiab pov tseg ntawm ferrous hlau

Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm USSR thiab kev qhia txog kev lag luam kev lag luam, kev lag luam ntiag tug tau pib loj hlob thiab nthuav dav hauv cov tebchaws qub qub. Thiab ib qho ntawm nws hom yog kev lees txais cov xim dub thiab cov hlau tsis muaj hlau los ntawm cov pej xeem. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov kev lag luam tau raug muab pov tseg, uas tau khaws cov hlau ntau ntau xyoo dhau los lossis lub sijhawm stagnation.

Thiab nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm no kev lag luam yog dav, nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua lub zos koj yuav nrhiav tau ib qho chaw uas lawv coj dub los yog tsis-ferrous hlau. Tus nqi rau nws, txawm tias tsis nyem rau hauvCov txheej txheem nruj, tab sis tseem txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm thaj tsam.

USSR

Thaum lub sijhawm xyoo dhau los ntawm Soviet Union, kev ua haujlwm loj los khaws cov hlau kuj tau tuav ntau zaus. Cov khib nyiab thiab khib nyiab ntawm cov hlau ferrous raug rub los ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv, cov tswvcuab Komsomol thiab lwm tus neeg pej xeem ntawm tus kheej thiab rau pej xeem, thaum, piv txwv li, ntawm subbotnik, cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm lub koom haum lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau sau ib tuj lossis ob lub hlau rau kev xa khoom yam tsis poob.. Rau qhov kev xav pom, feem ntau nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis hnub so lawv tau teeb tsa ib hom kev sib tw ntawm cov tsheb laij teb thiab tsheb, uas tau ua los ntawm cov hlau uas pom los ntawm Komsomol cov tswv cuab.

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