Cov ntaub ntawv carbon yog dab tsi? Kev siv cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau hauv kev ua haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Cov ntaub ntawv carbon yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog ib yam khoom uas muaj lub teeb heev thiab muaj zog fibers ntawm ib tug reinforced polymer. Ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais, cov polymer no yog cov saw ntev ntawm cov molecules tuav ua ke los ntawm carbon atoms. Feem ntau, cov polymer siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv carbon yog cuaj caum feem pua carbon tov nrog kaum feem pua ntawm lwm yam additives.

Cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ib leeg - nyob ntawm cov khoom siv polymer siv hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv raw. Qhov tseeb muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv carbon, raws li txoj cai, tsis qhia tawm. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov no yog kev lag luam zais cia.

Kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv

Kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv carbon pib nrog kos rau hauv cov xov nyias ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv dag zog. Tom ntej no, cov xov uas tau txais nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev kos duab yog qhov txhab ntawm lub bobbins, thiab tom qab ntawd, nrog kev pab los ntawm tshwj xeeb looms, ntaub nws tus kheej yog woven los ntawm lawv. Tsuas yog tsib mus rau kaum micronsTxhua txoj xov muaj txoj kab uas hla thiab, txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj zog heev.

Carbon npuag yog qhov sib cav uas muaj zog tshaj plaws cov khoom siv niaj hnub no.

Daim ntawv thov

Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv carbon tuaj yeem txwv tsis pub. Nws siv qhov twg? Feem ntau nws yog siv rau qhov uas tsis muaj qhov hnyav, siab conductivity, siab zog yuav tsum tau. Vim qhov tseeb tias cov ntaub ntawv carbon tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv, nws txoj kev siv feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab chav kawm ntawm cov ntaub. Piv txwv li, qib siab tshaj ntawm cov fiber ntau no yog siv hauv kev lag luam aerospace.

Hauv kev tsim kho, cov ntaub ntawv ultra-thin carbon yog siv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev txhawb nqa sab nraud. Thaum lub sij hawm kho cov txheej txheem load-bearing, kev siv cov ntaub ntawv carbon thiab epoxy binder ua rau nws muaj peev xwm mus nqa tawm reconstruction nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm thiab ho txo nqi zog thaum piv nrog ib txwm txoj kev. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lub sij hawm kho yog txo ob peb zaug, kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov qauv kuj nce ntau zaus. Cov kabmob muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov qauv tsis tsuas yog rov qab los, tab sis kuj nce ntau zaus.

aviation

Dab tsi yog carbon npuag rau hauv aviation? Nws yog siv los tsim ib qho khoom sib xyaw ua ke, cov ntaub ntawv carbon kuj tseem siv tau. Cov khoom uas tau tshwm sim, tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub teeb thiab lub zog, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hloov aluminium alloys nrog carbon fiber. Ntawm qhov hnyav tsib zaug tsawg dua li cov khoom siv txhuas, cov khoom sib xyaw muaj qhov yooj yim dua, lub zog, thiab ua haujlwm siab.

Kev lag luam

Tsis tas li ntawd, carbon plastics tau siv hauv kev lag luam nuclear los tsim lub zog reactors, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv yog lawv cov hluav taws xob tiv thaiv, tiv taus kub thiab siab. Tag nrho cov khoom no muaj cov ntaub ntawv carbon. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb hauv kev lag luam nuclear tau muab rau lub zog ntawm cov qauv sab nraud, yog li cov ntaub kuj tau siv dav hauv cov txheej txheem kev txhawb nqa sab nraud.

CFRP

Carbon (los yog carbon fiber) yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam automotive rau zus tau tej cov khoom ntawm tus kheej thiab cov khoom, thiab rau tag nrho cov tsheb lub cev. Qhov siab zog-rau-qhov hnyav piv tso cai rau cov tuam txhab tsim cov tsheb muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv roj: txo cov tsheb hnyav vim carbon fiber txo CO2 emissions los ntawm 16%. Txij li thaum muaj kev txo qis hauv roj siv ntau zaus.

Zoo txoj haujlwm muaj zog yog nyob los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw hauv kev lag luam dav hlau dav hlau. Kev xav tau siab yog muab tso rau ntawm lawv los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm qhov chaw ya davhlau. Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim los ntawm nws ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab kev kub ntxhov, nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm hluav taws xob, nyob rau hauv siab vibration loads, thiab lwm yam.

Hauv kev tsim nkoj, carbon fiber reinforced plastics yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab cov qauv los ntawm lawv vim lawv cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion, muaj zog tshwj xeeb, tsis yog hlau nplaum, thermal conductivity thiab kev cuam tshuam siab. Kev xaivCov khoom siv tshwj xeeb no yog vim muaj peev xwm sib txuas cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis zoo thiab lub zog hauv nws, nrog rau lub suab, kev co thiab lub xov tooj cua nqus, uas tso cai rau nws siv rau hauv kev tsim cov qauv ntawm ntau hom nkoj pej xeem.

Hauv ntiaj teb kev xyaum, cua zog yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas siv cov khoom siv carbon. Qhov kev lag luam no nyob rau hauv nws cov me nyuam mos nyob rau hauv Russia, txawm tias windmills tau tshwm sim thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no: nyob rau hauv ntug hiav txwv dej, nyob rau hauv tsis muaj neeg nyob, thiab nyob rau hauv offshore platforms. Lub unsurpassed lub zog thiab lightness ntawm carbon fiber ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov hniav ntev. Nyob rau hauv lem, lawv tau ua ntau zog npaum.

CFRPs kuj tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam tsheb ciav hlau. Lub zog thiab lub teeb ntawm cov khoom ua rau lub teeb ci ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau, uas ua rau nws ua tau, yog li ntawd, txo qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau, ua kom nws ntev, thiab txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ceev.

Carbon fiber kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim kho kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab hauv kev tsim kho kev tsheb ciav hlau: qhov ntev ntawm cov xov hlau yuav ua rau kom muaj zog dabtsi yog khoov siab, uas yuav txo cov kev txhawb nqa uas xav tau thiab, tib yam. lub sij hawm, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm sagging.

Cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw yog suav nrog hauv txoj kev ua neej nyob ntawm txhua tus neeg. Ntau yam khoom siv tau tsim los ntawm lawv: cov khoom siv ua kis las thiab khoom siv, khoom siv sab hauv, khoom siv hauv tsev, khoos phis tawj thiab ntau ntxiv.