Dab tsi yog lub khw muag khoom loj

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav tham txog lub khw hom twg thiab lawv txawv li cas. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav kawm seb qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khw muag khoom hauv Lavxias yog dab tsi.

lub xeev tam sim no ntawm khw muag khoom

Kev muag khoom tseem ceeb zuj zus hnub no. Nws txuas cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim khoom, kev faib tawm thiab kev siv, tsim ib qho nyuaj. Kev lag luam niaj hnub no tau muaj kev hloov pauv loj heev. Tus naj npawb ntawm kev lag luam koom ua ke tau raug txo kom tsawg. Cov khw muag khoom lag luam tau dhau los ua qhov loj dua, thiab kev sib tw ntawm lawv tau hnyav zuj zus. Tam sim no, kev lag luam muag khoom lag luam yog tsim los ntawm cov koom haum ua lag luam, nrog rau cov neeg ua lag luam uas ua tiav lawv cov dej num hauv cov tes hauj lwm ruaj khov.

Khw muag khoom nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm kev sib tw nce ntxiv muab txhua yam khoom tshiab thiab kev pabcuam. Txog rau tam sim no, lub xeev ntawm kev ua lag luam yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev muaj cov txheej txheem nruj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khw muag khoom tshiab tau tshwm sim. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv kev pabcuam thiab kev muag khoom. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, lub "Soviet" classifications tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nws.xeev xwm txheej.

Cov qauv kev faib tawm

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los faib cov khw muag khoom lag luam tsis yog los ntawm hom thiab hom, tab sis kuj los ntawm hom. Cov txheej txheem kev faib tawm hauv qhov no yog raws li hauv qab no:

• range;
• aa;
• nqe;
• daim ntawv pabcuam kev lag luam;
• atmosphere;
• qhov chaw;
• pab pawg neeg siv khoom;
• promotion.

hom khoom loj ntawm cov khw muag khoom noj

Nyob rau hauv Russia hnub no muaj 5 lub ntsiab ntawm cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus:

• khw muag khoom;
• discounter;
• store-warehouse;
• supermarket;
• hypermarket.

Cia peb saib ib qho luv luv.

Hypermarket

Koj puas paub qhov txawv ntawm lub khw muag khoom loj thiab lub khw muag khoom loj? Ntau tus tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov txawv ntawm lawv li cas. Cov qauv ntawm cov khw muag khoom no txawv ntawm thaj chaw thiab kev sib txawv.

Ib lub khw muag khoom loj yog lub khw muag khoom loj dua lub tsev loj. Nws cheeb tsam yog tsawg kawg yog 10 txhiab square meters. m. Nws kuj txawv ntawm lub khw muag khoom loj hauv kev nthuav dav ntawm cov khoom, uas muaj li ntawm 40 txog 150 txhiab khoom.

Ib lossis ntau qhov chaw nres tsheb loj yog npaj rau cov neeg siv khoom. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov neeg yuav khoom feem ntau tuaj rau hypermarkets los ntawm tsheb. Hauv cov khw muag khoom no, tsis zoo li lwm hom, koj yuav tsum tau them nyiaj zoo rau kev yooj yim.nyob hauv lawv mus ntev. Yuav tsum muaj chav dej, chaw noj mov, chaw ua si, chaw ntim khoom noj, chaw ua si, thiab lwm yam.

supermarket & khw muag khoom yooj yim

Lub Tsev Muag Khoom Loj - los ntawm 2 txog 5 txhiab square meters. m. Hom ntawv no qhia txog chav dav dav, kev nkag mus, qhov chaw yooj yim ntawm cov khw, qhov chaw zoo nkauj, zoo nkauj sab hauv tsim. Assortment - los ntawm 4 mus rau 20 txhiab khoom.

Hypermarkets thiab warehouse stores khiav lag luam hauv kev lag luam thiab cov lag luam nruab nrab. Piv rau cov khw muag khoom loj, lawv muaj kev ywj pheej ntau dua. Kev lag luam hauv tsev loj yog muab faib ua pawg raws li tus nqi. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ntxiv los ntawm lub khw muag khoom yooj yim - ib hom tshiab. Nws nyob tau yooj yim, tau ncua sij hawm qhib, thiab muag ib qho txwv ntawm FMCG cov khoom.

khw muag khoom

Lub khw muag khoom feem ntau qhib los ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam wholesale uas tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom lag luam ntau ntawm cov luv nqi tseem ceeb los ntawm cov tuam txhab lossis lwm tus neeg muag khoom. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab uas muag cov khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb. Tam sim no, feem ntawm kev lag luam wholesale yog txo qis txhua xyoo. Ntau lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm ncaj qha nrog cov khw muag khoom. Lub khw-warehouse nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog ib tug zoo "kev hloov pauv" theem los ntawm cov lag luam wholesale mus rau lub khw muag khoom.

hom ntawv no tau tsim rov qab rau xyoo 1960. Thaum xub thawj, cov neeg siv khoom ntawm cov khw muag khoom zoo li nocov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov lag luam nruab nrab thiab cov lag luam me txaus siab yuav cov khoom me me ntawm tus nqi qis. Hom ntawv no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom, thiab tsis yog los ntawm kev muag khoom. Nws txhais tau hais tias kev them nyiaj ntawm kev yuav khoom hauv cov nyiaj ntsuab, thiab tom qab ntawd tus neeg siv khoom nws tus kheej coj cov khoom tawm mus. Cov nyiaj ntsuab thiab khaws cia cia cov khw muag khoom no nce lawv cov khoom muag thaum txo cov nqi khiav haujlwm.

Kev txo nqi

Hais txog cov luv nqi, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias lawv nyiam tsis yog cov neeg tau nyiaj tsawg xwb. Lawv tau mus xyuas los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom nrog qhov nruab nrab thiab txawm tias cov nyiaj tau los siab. Yog li, cov luv nqi hloov kho raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom.

Raws li koj nco qab, cov qauv hauv khw yog qhov txawv ntawm thaj chaw, kev faib khoom, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom thiab lwm yam. Raws li rau cov luv nqi, lawv thaj tsam li ntawm 500 txog 1.5 txhiab square meters. m. Qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom yog nqaim heev, tsis muaj kev pabcuam ntxiv. Tsis muaj kev tsim sab hauv, tshwj tsis yog rau cov neeg tsim khoom siv network thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv khoom siv.

Cov khw no nyob hauv thaj chaw nyob vim xav tias cov neeg tuaj saib yuav tsis muaj lawv tus kheej thauj. Ib tug me me ntawm cov luv nqi tsim rau cov tswv tsheb nyob ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm txoj kev loj, feem ntau nyob hauv nroog.

Tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khw muag khoom Lavxias

Cov qauv hauv khw tshiab uas tau teev tseg saum toj no ua ke siv cov kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam hauv qab no: kev pabcuam tus kheej, sib xyawassortment, kev sib txuas lus. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, Lavxias teb sab tuam txhab uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lawv lub moj khaum muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm nta. Cov tuam txhab ua haujlwm hauv hom hypermarkets, feem ntau, ua raws li Western cov qauv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev lag luam ntawm Lavxias teb sab txo nqi, khw muag khoom, khw muag khoom yooj yim muaj lawv tus kheej tshwj xeeb. Lawv tsis ua raws li cov qauv qauv uas tau txais los ntawm txawv teb chaws. Qhov no feem ntau siv rau txoj cai nqes nqi.

Piv txwv li, Western khw muag khoom yooj yim teeb tsa cov khoom lag luam siab. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov khw muag khoom no muaj qhov chaw yooj yim, uas yog suav tias yog kev pabcuam. Hom ntawv "hauv tsev", saws nyob rau hauv Russia, yog me ntsis txawv. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias tus nqi theem ntawm lub khw no sib haum rau kev yuav khoom ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw uas nws nyob.

khw khaub ncaws hom

Kev lag luam, khw muag khoom, pavilion - cov ntsiab lus uas tuaj yeem txhais los ntawm txhua tus Lavxias. Cov qauv ntawm cov khw muag khaub ncaws me me, tsim los rau tus neeg yuav khoom nrog qhov nruab nrab lossis cov nyiaj tau los tsawg, kuj paub txog peb. Txawm li cas los xij, niaj hnub no muaj ntau thiab ntau cov lus tshiab uas qhia txog hom khw muag khoom. Peb caw koj los xav txog qee yam ntawm cov khw muag khaub ncaws uas tau tshwm sim tsis ntev los no hauv peb lub tebchaws.

Boutique

Boutique yog lus Fabkis. Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm lub khw me me ntawm cov khoom kim heev thiab zam. Boutique - ib lub khw uas muag cov khaub ncaws tshwj xeeb, nrog rauaccessories. Nws qhov ntau yuav suav nrog cov khaub ncaws los ntawm ntau lub npe, tab sis tsis tas li. Lub boutique kuj tseem tuaj yeem yog qhov chaw tshaj tawm ntawm cov tsev ua yeeb yam nto moo. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws tuaj yeem yog ntau hom lossis mono-brand.

Lub sijhawm no hauv kev lag luam zam niaj hnub no tseem hu ua lub khw muag khoom kim thiab zam khaub ncaws, uas yog qhov txawv ntawm cov kev pabcuam siab, tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm thaj chaw, ntau yam khoom, lub neej ua haujlwm zoo thiab muaj ib lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb (txiv neej thiab poj niam nrog qhov nruab nrab thiab qib siab ntawm cov nyiaj tau los).

Showroom

Showroom yog lo lus uas txhais tau tias "showroom" ua lus Askiv. Hom ntawv ntawm lub khw no suav nrog chav nrog chav ua yeeb yam, uas nthuav tawm cov qauv ntawm kev sau cov npe. Cov tuam txhab uas tsis faib lawv cov khoom ntawm lawv tus kheej, hauv lawv cov chav ua yeeb yam tsuas yog muab cov chaw nyob ntawm cov neeg faib khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov khoom. Hauv chav ua yeeb yam ntawm cov tuam txhab uas faib cov khoom, muaj lub sijhawm los ua ntau qhov kev yuav khoom.

Nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws, ntau lub khw no npaj muag cov qauv khaub ncaws uas tau nthuav tawm hauv lawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem tshwj xeeb nqa khau, khaub ncaws thiab khoom siv los ntawm txawv teb chaws uas tsis tau muag hauv khw Lavxias. Lawv muag cov khoom no rau ntawm "qhov chaw ua qauv qhia", uas, los ntawm txoj kev, tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb showrooms.

Kev muag khoom

Txhua lub khw muag khoom tshiab tau maj mam nkag mus rau peb lub tebchaws. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog lub tswv yim khw. Hauv kev txhais luslos ntawm lus Askiv lo lus no txhais tau tias "khoom noj khoom haus". Cov khw muag khoom no tseem tsis tau nrov heev hauv peb lub tebchaws, tab sis lub tswv yim khw muag khoom muaj nyob thoob plaws hauv Europe. Lo lus nws tus kheej tau tshwm sim thaum xyoo 1990s. Nws yog ces hais tias ib txoj kev tshiab ntawm kev npaj ntau hom boutiques tau tsim. Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb yog nthuav qhia "kev ua neej" kim rau cov neeg tuaj saib.

Cov khoom muag hauv lub tswv yim khw feem ntau yog qhov tsis sib xws, tab sis lawv tau koom ua ke los ntawm qee lub tswv yim (lub tswv yim). Lub khw no yuav tsum tsim kom muaj huab cua tshwj xeeb thiab qhov chaw uas pab qhia txog lub ntiaj teb kev pom rau tus neeg yuav khoom. Classic lub tswv yim khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb tsuas yog cov khoom tsis tshua muaj thiab tsawg, tab sis haum rau cov neeg siv khoom ntawm txhua qib nyiaj tau los.

Tam sim no, cov qauv no thiab lwm lub khw muag khoom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau dua. Russia maj mam assimilating cov kev paub ntawm Western lub xeev, qhov twg kev lag luam tseem zoo dua nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Cov khw muag khoom txawv teb chaws, hom thiab hom uas tuaj yeem pom niaj hnub no nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm yav dhau los Soviet Union, tau hloov mus tas li. Nws yuav tsum tau xav tias muaj kev hloov pauv loj tos cov neeg nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws yav tom ntej.