Kev siv dej: cov yam ntxwv, cov qauv thiab pawg zoo

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-02 13:55

Dej xav tau tsis yog los ntawm tib neeg thiab lwm yam tsiaj nyob rau lub neej ib txwm muaj. Nws kuj yog siv rau lwm lub hom phiaj. Nws yog siv hauv kev lag luam hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm qee yam khoom siv. Tau kawg, rau lub hom phiaj no nws tsis tas yuav siv cov dej huv lossis dej haus.

Qhov no yog dab tsi?

Tswj dej yog hydrogen oxide (binary compound H_{2O), muab los ntawm txhua qhov chaw thiab siv hauv kev lag luam. Cias muab, qhov no yog dej zoo tib yam, tab sis tsis yog npaj rau haus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom ntawm cov organic tuaj yeem muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg.}

Txawm hais tias, tsis zoo li cov dej haus, tsis muaj GOST rau kev siv dej, nws tseem yuav tsum yog cov khoom zoo thiab muaj tag nrho cov yam ntxwv tsim nyog uas tus neeg siv khoom xav tau. Cov neeg siv khoom hauv qhov no yog ntau lub lag luam. Lawv tuaj yeem siv dej rau txhua lub hom phiaj: rau kev tsim cov khoom tiav, hauv cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, thiab tseem yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Piv txwv li, nwssiv nyob rau hauv ib qho nyuaj hydraulic systems, tshuab cuab yeej tsav, thiab lwm yam.

khoom dej specifications

Qhov dej zoo ntawm kev lag luam yog yuav tsum tsis muaj kev txwv tsawg dua li cov dej haus. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb txiav txim siab nws txoj haujlwm thiab muaj peev xwm siv tau hauv ntau yam haujlwm. Ntawm qhov tsis tseem ceeb uas tau txais kev mloog zoo tshaj plaws, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem hais meej:

1. Cov. Yeej, cov no suav nrog ntau cov kua qaub (piv txwv li, carbon dioxide), ammonia, nitrates thiab nitrites, oxygen, nrog rau cov hlau, sulfates, thiab lwm yam. Rau qee lub hom phiaj, nws tseem tsim nyog kom cov dej ua haujlwm dhau los kuaj kab mob.
2. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av thiab cov hauv paus chiv keeb. Nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj, cov dej yuav muaj los yog tsis muaj cov khib nyiab tag nrho. Qhov ntsuas no yog txiav txim los ntawm cov qauv kev qhia tshwj xeeb hauv lub xeev tus qauv.
3. Deposit. Yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav residue nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov dej. Yog tias nws muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau, qhov no qhia tau tias tsis zoo. Xws li cov dej tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv chav boilers thiab lwm yam khoom siv zoo sib xws.
4. Txoj kev nruj. Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Ntau lub tuam txhab tsis kam siv dej yog tias nws tsis ua raws li cov qauv hardness. Qee cov tuam txhab tsim khoom txawm tias nce lossis txo tus lej no mus rau qib tsim nyog. Tom qab tag nrho, txwv tsis pub koj yuav tsum tso tseg kev siv cov dej no.
5. xim. Tsis yog tag nrhocov tuam txhab lag luam tau them nyiaj rau qhov ntsuas no, tab sis muaj qee qhov. Piv txwv li, cov neeg tsim cov ntawv zoo tsuas yog siv dej "ntshiab" xwb.
6. Swb. Cov lag luam uas saib xyuas cov khoom kawg siv dej tsis muaj qhov hnyav thiab tsis hnov tsw. Tom qab tag nrho, raws li koj paub, qhov no yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom, thiab yog li nws tus nqi.
7. Oxidation. Ntau lub tuam txhab them nyiaj rau tus yam ntxwv no. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov siab dua qhov oxidizability ntawm dej, qhov ntau dua nws yuav ua npuas ncauj thaum rhuab los yog puas khoom.
8. Hydrogen taw qhia. Raws li cov qauv, nws yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 5.5 pH.
9. Kub. Nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj, cov dej tuaj yeem txias lossis kub. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov kev lag luam siv nws nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.

Cov neeg siv khoom

Raws li txoj cai, cov dej no yog siv hauv peb thaj chaw ntawm kev lag luam:

• Raws li cov haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cov neeg tau txais kev pab ntawm pawg no suav nrog: thermal fais fab nroj tsuag, nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag, thermal fais fab nroj tsuag thiab lwm yam lag luam uas siv cua sov thiab cua txias tshuab. Rau cov neeg siv khoom zoo li no, kev xa dej ntawm kev siv dej yog nqa tawm yam tsis muaj cov khib nyiab pov tseg, txij li kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm kev sib txuas lus tshwj xeeb yuav nyob ntawm qhov no.
• In the process. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov neeg siv khoom siv dej tsis yog tsuas yog tsim cov khoom lag luam xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau nws qhov zoo. Cov neeg siv khoom suav nrog ntau lub tuam txhab engineering, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm kev lag luam hluav taws xob thiabLwm yam
• Rau cov khoom tiav. Cov neeg siv khoom hauv pawg no suav nrog cov tuam txhab tu tsheb, chaw tsim tshuaj thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab lwm yam. Hauv qhov no, cov txheej txheem dej yuav tsum yog qhov zoo thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo heev. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj nag lossis daus, hais txog cov ntxhia thiab cov organic keeb kwm.

Raws li pom tau los ntawm cov saum toj no, txhua tus neeg siv khoom muaj nws tus kheej cov cai rau cov dej tsis muaj dej. Yog vim li cas thiaj muaj ntau yam ntawm nws:

• Distilled.
• Clean.
• dej tshwj xeeb.

Distilled

Cov dej zoo li no yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li tag nrho cov kev cai uas tau sau tseg hauv GOST 6709-72, nrog rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais nws hauv qhov tshwj xeeb distillation apparatuses. Nws yog npaj rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj reagents, nrog rau kev npaj cov kev daws teeb meem raws li lawv.

Tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej ua lag luam yog nws cov hluav taws xob conductivity. Raws li qhov ntsuas no, lwm qhov ntau kuj raug txiav txim. Piv txwv li, hluav taws xob tsis kam, tus nqi uas yuav tsum paub thaum ua kev tshawb fawb nrog cov tshuaj ua kua.

dej huv

Nws nyuaj rau kev xav, tab sis muaj ib qho! Nws tsis muaj ntsev los yog lwm yam khoom uas tsis xav tau. Tab sis qhov no tsis txhais hais tias tag nrho cov kev lag luam dej yog potable. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauvmicroelectronics, piv txwv li, rau kev loj hlob muaju.

hom dej tshwj xeeb

Nws yog siv yuav luag txhua qhov chaw: hauv chav boilers, ntses tank, thiab electroplating.

Kev ntxuav cov dej hauv kev lag luam rau lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb nyob ntawm thaj chaw uas nws siv. Piv txwv li, qee lub lag luam xav kom nws yuav tsum muaj cov khoom ionic. Lwm tus, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, xav tau lawv qhov tsis tuaj.

Ntxiv rau, cov dej uas muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov organic (mineral) yuav tsum ua kom tiav qee lub hom phiaj. Feem ntau nws yog siv nyob rau hauv physiotherapy thiab balneology.