Brass L63: txheej txheem cej luam, khoom, specifications thiab nta

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-02 13:55

Ntau tus neeg feem ntau tau pom qhov ci ntsa iab ntawm lub qhov rooj sab hauv, cov chandeliers golden lossis candlesticks. Tag nrho cov khoom no yog ua los ntawm cov hlau alloy hu ua tooj dag. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav ua tib zoo saib nws cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv, ua tib zoo saib xyuas L63 hom.

tooj dag yog dab tsi?

Brass yog ib qho ntawm ob lub npe tooj liab alloys (lwm qhov yog tooj liab). Nws lub hauv paus yog tooj liab, uas sib txawv ntawm zinc yog yaj. Raws li paub, tooj liab muaj lub ntsej muag-centered cubic crystal lattice (fcc). Nyob rau hauv lem, ntshiab zinc tsim ib hexagonal kaw-packed qauv (hcp). Ob lub lattices yog incompatible, yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm sib npaug atomic concentrations ntawm zinc thiab tooj liab, thiaj li hu ua ob brasses tuaj yeem tsim. Lawv yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev muaj nyob ib txhij ntawm ob theem (fcc thiab hcp cov kev daws teeb meem).

Yog tias koj ua tib zoo saib lub rooj ntawm D. I. Mendeleev, koj yuav pom tias zinc nyob rau hauv nws yog tus lej 30, thiab tooj liab yog tus lej 29.muaj atomic radii zoo sib xws. Qhov tseeb no tso cai, txawm tias sib txawv siv lead ua lattices, los tsim ib-theem kev daws teeb meem thaum cov ntsiab lus tooj liab nyob rau hauv cov hlau ntau tshaj 13.5%, raws li tuaj yeem pom los ntawm Zn-Cu theem daim duab qhia.

Yog li, yog tooj liab yog qhov tseem ceeb, ces nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib npaug tsuas yog ib theem xwb - cov khoom siv zinc hauv fcc tooj liab.

Brass brand L63

Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv peb lub tebchaws. Nws tsis yooj yim to taub tias tsab ntawv thiab cov lej hauv lub npe txhais li cas: "L" yog tooj dag, tus lej 63 qhia txog feem pua ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb, uas yog tooj liab. Qhov tseeb, qhov tseeb yuav txawv me ntsis ntawm daim duab qhia. Yog li, nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm tooj dag L63, tus nqi ntawm tooj liab yog li ntawm 62% mus rau 65%, thiab zinc nyob rau hauv lub alloy muaj los ntawm 34.2% mus rau 37.5%.

Yuav luag txhua lub tooj dag yog zoo machined ntawm qis (chav) kub. Lub npe nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug yog tsis muaj kev zam. Vim nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo heev, nws yog siv los tsim ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog cov ntawv nyias, cov kav dej thiab cov pas nrig ntawm ntau qhov tuab.

Nws kuj yuav tsum tau hais tias cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov lus nug tau yooj yim polished, ntau cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub ua los ntawm nws muaj xim kub thiab ci ntsa iab.

Ib qho ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tooj dag L63 yog nws tus txheeb ze pheej yig piv rau lwm cov alloys uas muajntau tooj.

yam ntxwv L63

Raws li koj paub, tooj liab ntshiab yog cov khoom muag muag. Nws lub zog shear yog 210 MPa. Kev hloov ntawm ib feem peb ntawm cov tooj liab atoms hauv fcc lattice nrog zinc atoms, nrog rau qee yam kev kho cua sov ntawm tooj dag, ua rau muaj kev nce hauv nws cov tshuab shear zog txog 240 MPa.

Lwm qhov zoo dua ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm L63 tooj dag tshaj cov khoom ntawm tooj liab yog nws cov hardness siab dua thaum tswj ductility. Nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ua tsis raug, piv txwv li, tsis txaus annealing, theem ob raws li zinc yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov khoom ntawm qib raws li xav. Ob-theem tooj dag ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuab thiab thev naus laus zis. Tshwj xeeb, cov hlau ua nkig thiab xyaum poob nws cov ductility.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm tooj dag thiab lwm yam hlau yog qhov tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim thaum lub tshuab ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Cov cuab yeej no tso cai rau kev siv L63 hauv kev tsim cov thawv rau kev khaws cia thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Yog tias peb tham txog qhov tsis zoo ntawm qib no piv rau cov tooj liab ntshiab, peb yuav tsum hais txog qhov hnyav me ntsis. Tsis tas li ntawd, L63 tooj dag yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo thiab cua sov.

Specific Gravity of Alloy

Nco ntsoov tias qhov ceev yog tus nqi sib npaug ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub cev rau qhov ntim nws nyob hauv qhov chaw. Qhov ntom yog suav nrog cov qauv hauv qab no:

ρ=m/V.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm multicomponent alloys nyob rau hauv uasKev sib xyaw yooj yim ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj nrog cov enthalpy tsawg ntawm kev tsim, koj tuaj yeem siv cov qauv hauv qab no los txiav txim siab lawv qhov ntom:

ρ=∑_im_i/∑_i(m _i/ρ_i).

Qhov twg m_i thiab ρ_{i yog qhov loj thiab ntom ntawm i-th tivthaiv hauv qhov sib tov.}

Siv cov qauv sau, koj tuaj yeem suav qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tooj dag L63. Yog hais tias cov lus qhia rau ρ tau sau rau ob yam, ces peb tau txais kev sib npaug hauv qab no:

ρ=ρ_znρ_cu/(ρ_zn+ x(ρ_cu-ρ_zn), where x=m_zn/(m _zn+m_cu).

Qhov x parameter qhia txog qhov loj ntawm zinc hauv cov hlau. Txij li cov pawg ntawm cov atoms ntawm cov khoom siv tooj dag nyob ze, peb tuaj yeem xav tias cov feem loj yog sib npaug rau cov atomic feem. Piv txwv li, peb muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm 63% Cu thiab 37% Zn thiab coj mus rau hauv tus account tias ρ_cu=8960 kg/m³ thiab ρ _zn=7140 kg/m³, ces peb tau tus nqi ρ=8188 kg/m^3.

Tig mus rau qhov kev sim tus nqi ntawm qhov ntom ntawm tooj dag L63, peb pom tias nws sib raug rau 8440 kg / m 3 ntawm chav tsev kub. Qhov tsis sib xws nrog cov txiaj ntsig theoretical yog vim muaj ob yam tseem ceeb:

• thaum ib qho hlau tsim, muaj qee qhov tsis zoo enthalpy ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom;
• nws muaj impurities ntawm cov hlau hnyav dua.

kho cua sov nta thiab tiv thaiv corrosion

Cov khoom nugyaj ntawm 906^oC. Nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 750^oC txog 880^oC, nws tseem nthuav tawm cov yas zoo, yog li nws tuaj yeem ua machined. Ib theem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov alloy L63 yog annealing, uas yog ua nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 550-650^{oC. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm no, ob txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tshwm sim:}

• kev ntxhov siab kho tshuab raug tshem tawm;
• dissolve metastable theem los tsim ib theem qauv.

Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab kev ntxhov siab yog qhov tsis txaus siab rau L63. Nws paub tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm zinc rau tooj liab ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv nws cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion, yog li tag nrho cov tooj dag yog cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis zoo. Lawv raug rhuav tshem thaum lub sijhawm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav, xws li perchloric thiab nitric acids. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv cov qauv tooj dag ua rau lawv cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion.

Vim hais tias muaj kev ntxhov siab, kev txiav ceev tsis pom zoo rau L63 cov khoom.

Applications

Lub hom phiaj ntawm tooj dag yog dav siv rau kev tsim cov kab xev, pas nrig, cov ntawv txheeb thiab cov kav dej. Cov hlau tseem siv los ua hlau, uas yog siv rau rivets.

Summarizing, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias L63 yog siv nyob qhov twg nws yog tsim nyog los nqa tawm qhov tseem ceeb txias deformations nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov khoom. Couplings, tso tsheb hlau luam thiab ntau yam khoom dai yog tsim los ntawm nws.