Cov thev naus laus zis tsis muaj pov tseg thiab pov tseg: txhais, piav qhia, teeb meem thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Cov teeb meem ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev lag luam ntawm ib puag ncig tau txhawj xeeb txog ib puag ncig ntev. Nrog rau cov txheej txheem niaj hnub ntawm kev teeb tsa cov txheej txheem zoo rau kev pov tseg cov pov tseg pov tseg, cov kev xaiv raug tsim los txo qis kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, txo cov pov tseg emissions tso cai tsis tau tsuas yog los txo kev puas tsuaj rau cov nyob ze infrastructure, tab sis kuj yuav ua rau kom lub economic efficiency ntawm cov lag luam. Muaj tseeb tiag, cov thev naus laus zis uas tsis yog pov tseg kuj tseem xav tau cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv kev siv. Kev taw qhia txog cov kev pab cuam no feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov theem tsim khoom, yuam cov thawj coj rov xav txog cov txheej txheem los xyuas kom meej cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis.

Dab tsi yog cov pov tseg xoom thiab cov thev naus laus zis pov tseg?

Nyob rau hauv kev pom dav, kev tsis muaj khib nyiab tsis yog qhov cuam tshuam tag nrho ntawm kev tsim cov khoom lag luam thib ob uas nyob tom qab cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb. Ntawd yog, lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv tshuab tsis muaj pov tseg yuav txhais tau tias lub koom haum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam,nyob rau hauv uas lub feem ntau rational noj ntawm natural resources thiab lub zog yog nqa tawm. Tab sis qhov no tseem yog ib qho kev txhais dav dav ntawm lub tswv yim no. Yog tias peb siv txoj hauv kev nruj me ntsis rau kev txiav txim siab txog qhov teeb meem, tom qab ntawd cov thev naus laus zis tsis muaj pov tseg yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev teeb tsa cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, raws li cov khoom siv raw siv tag nrho hauv lub voj voog kaw.

thev naus laus zis pov tseg tsim nyog tshwj xeeb. Hauv qhov tseem ceeb, qhov no yog qhov sib txuas nruab nrab uas tso cai rau koj hloov lub lag luam mus rau lub voj voog ntau lawm ntawm tus nqi tsawg. Ntawm cov chaw uas tau siv lub tswv yim uas tsis tshua muaj pov tseg, muaj ib theem ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig keeb kwm yav dhau los uas tsis tshaj li cov qauv kev tso cai huv. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov thev naus laus zis tsis yog pov tseg suav nrog kev ua tiav ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom thib ob, ces qhov no, kev cia ntev ntev lossis pov tseg cov ntaub ntawv kuj raug tso cai.

Zoo pes tsawg ntsuas li cas?

Pib nrog, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias kev siv tag nrho ntawm kev tsim khoom tsis muaj pov tseg tsis yog ib txwm ua tau. Muaj tag nrho cov kev lag luam uas cov lag luam thiab cov nroj tsuag, rau ntau yam, tsis tuaj yeem tawm hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov khib nyiab tsawg. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, qhov kwv yees ntawm tsis-khoom siv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. Tshwj xeeb, cov kws tshaj lij siv cov coefficients uas tso cai rau kev txiav txim siab qhov feem pua ntawm cov khib nyiab ib lub lag luam tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua thiab xa mus rau rov ua dua lossis khaws cia.

Piv txwv li, cov thev naus laus zis tsis muaj pov tseg thiab pov tseg hauv kev lag luam theenyuaj rau kev siv dua li lwm yam kev lag luam. Hauv qhov no, qhov piv txwv tsis pub pov tseg txawv ntawm 75 txog 95%. Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev qhia txog cov thev naus laus zis uas txo cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo rau ib puag ncig. Muab qhov nam no, peb tuaj yeem tham txog qhov yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab qhov feem ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig uas muaj nyob hauv cov pov tseg. Qee zaum daim duab no nce mus txog 80%.

Txoj cai ntawm Technology

thev naus laus zis tsis huv yog ua raws li ntau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog:

• System mus kom ze. Nco ntsoov tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txiav txim siab qhov chaw tsim khoom nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov pov tseg kom tsawg yam tsis muaj kev sib cais los ntawm lub regional industrial infrastructure.
• Cyclicity of threads. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no, yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev ncig ntawm cov khoom siv raw siv, nrog rau lub zog uas ua kom lawv cov kev ua tiav.
• Kev siv cov peev txheej sib xyaw. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no muab kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab lub zog muaj peev xwm. Txij li txhua yam khoom siv raw tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov nyuaj, tag nrho nws cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab rho tawm thaum lub sij hawm ntau lawm.
• Txoj kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov no yog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb, ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis uas tsis muaj pov tseg thiab tsis muaj pov tseg tau tsim nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam.
• Lub koom haum tsim nyog ntawm kev tsim khoom. Hauv qhov no, nws yuav tsum ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis txhawm rau txuag cov khoom siv, cov nqi hluav taws xob thiab kev nqis peev nyiaj txiag ntau li ntau tau.

Txheej txheem ntawm xoom-khoom siv thev naus laus zis

Txhua qhov kev txiav txim siab hloov pauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom suav nrog kev txhim kho ntawm qhov project. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yuav xav tias yuav tsim kom tsis muaj dej ntws technologies thiab dej ncig mus rau lub platform ntawm npaum filtration txoj kev. Xws li schemes, piv txwv li, yog siv nyob rau hauv lub electroplating industries. Ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua cov khoom siv thib ob yog kev qhia txog cov thev naus laus zis uas tsis muaj pov tseg uas tsis suav nrog kev tsim cov khoom lag luam thib ob hauv txoj cai. Rau qhov no, ntxiv cov theem ntawm kev ua thiab purification yog nkag mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Nws kuj tseem xyaum los tsim cov kev lag luam sib cais uas lub hom phiaj siv kaw nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ntws.

Tsis muaj pov tseg hauv metallurgy

Nyob hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov nroj tsuag uas yuav ua cov hlau tsis muaj hlau thiab ferrous, qhov dav tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv los xyuas kom tsis muaj pov tseg. Piv txwv li, kua, gaseous thiab cov khoom pov tseg tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm. Cov tshuaj ntxuav kuj tseem siv los ua cov cuab yeej yooj yim rau kev txo cov khoom ua tiav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov thev naus laus zis uas tsis muaj pov tseg thiab pov tseg tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsis yog nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm lub tuam txhab metallurgical nws tus kheej. Mining thiab ua cov nroj tsuag, qhov twg loj-tonnage pov tseg pov tseg yog tsim, koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv npaj ua tsev. Tshwj xeeb, lawv ua los ntawm cov khoom pov tsegtso rau mines, ua phab ntsa thaiv thiab tso txoj kev nto.

Kev tsis muaj pov thawj hauv kev ua liaj ua teb

cheeb tsam ntawm kev lag luam kev lag luam no yog qhov hloov pauv yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv cov nyiaj uas ua kom cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias feem ntau ntawm cov khoom pov tseg ua liaj ua teb muaj cov khoom lag luam organic. Piv txwv li, xoom-khoom thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm rov siv cov compost, manure, sawdust, nplooj thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khib nyiab no yog siv los tsim cov khoom siv raw rau cov chiv, uas txuag cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv tsis tau txuas ntxiv dua.

Efficiency

Nyob hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob niaj hnub no, cov kws tshaj lij tau coj los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ntawm kev sib tsoo roj. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog kev siv lub txaj fluidized, uas yuav pab txo qis cov pa paug hauv cov pa tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob tsis muaj pov tseg hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob tau tshwm sim hauv kev txhim kho kev txhim kho txhawm rau ntxuav cov pa tawm los ntawm nitrogen thiab sulfur oxides. Txoj hauv kev rau cov cuab yeej siv cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm kev lag luam kuj hloov pauv. Piv txwv li, cov khoom siv plua plav ntxuav yog ua haujlwm nrog kev ua haujlwm siab, thiab cov hmoov tshauv tom qab nkag mus rau hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam raws li cov khoom xyaw hauv cov kev daws teeb meem.

Teeb meem ntawm kev lag luam tsis-nkim thiab pov tseg qis

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov teeb meem uas tshwm sim hauv kev hloov pauv mus rau qhov tsis muaj pov tsegkev tsim khoom yog vim qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev xav kom txo qis cov khoom lag luam thiab tswj cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam. Kev suav nrog cov theem tshiab hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom nrog kev siv cov khoom siv thib ob, piv txwv li, txo qis kev lag luam ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov teeb meem ntawm kev siv tshuab tsis siv khib nyiab yog cuam tshuam nrog kev ua tsis tau zoo ntawm kev ua ntau yam khoom pov tseg. Qhov no tsuas yog siv rau cov ceg ntawm kev lag luam chemical, uas qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txaus ntshai tau nce ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov piv txwv thim rov qab, thaum kev qhia txog kev tsim cov khoom pov tseg tsis muaj pov tseg tau ua rau muaj kev nce qib hauv kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev lag luam mining, cov lag luam muag pob zeb nrog cov yam ntxwv uas ua tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev tsim cov nroj tsuag ua cov khoom siv thib ob.

Zero Waste Management

Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov tshuab uas tso cai rau kev ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo raws li kev txo qis kev tsim cov khib nyiab pov tseg kuj tseem cuam tshuam txog kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem tswj. Cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum tau npaj ntau yam haujlwm uas tso cai rau lawv tswj kev tsim, siv thiab tso cov khoom ua tiav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias cov thev naus laus zis tsis yog pov tseg ntawm cov lag luam cuam tshuam tsis yog tsuas yog cov khoom ncaj qha ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom, tab sis kuj ntxiv rau cov neeg siv khoom. Raw khoom cia thiab pov tseg cov tshuab tau raug txhim kho los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tswj cov khib nyiab tom ntej.

Zaj lus

Txawm hais tias qhov kev lag luam poob qis thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov, qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam ntawm kev lag luam kev lag luam ntawm ib puag ncig tseem nyob rau tib theem (zoo tshaj). Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov thawj coj nrhiav kev txuag, suav nrog cov nqi ib puag ncig. Txawm li cas los xij, cov thev naus laus zis uas tsis yog siv pov tseg pov tseg tso cai rau kev daws teeb meem ntawm hom no, muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntau dua ntawm cov khoom qub qub. Hauv lwm lo lus, kev ntsuas los txo cov pov tseg tuaj yeem siv tau nyob rau thawj theem ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsis tsuas yog ua kom zoo dua qhov ntim ntawm qhov kawg tso zis ntawm cov khoom thib ob, tab sis kuj kom txuag tau ntawm cov nqi pib cuam tshuam nrog kev yuav khoom ntawm cov peev txheej rau kev tsim khoom.