Machine-phom siv: hom, hom phiaj, them

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Tus nqi hluav taws ntawm riam phom nyob rau hauv ib lub sijhawm ntawm lub sijhawm feem ntau nyob ntawm cov mos txwv. Txoj siv txoj siv sia ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hluav taws ntawm cov caj npab me me, tso cai rau hluav taws tsis tu ncua rau lub sijhawm ntev. Xws li lub kaw lus feem ntau yog siv rau kev sib ntaus sib tua rau cov phom tshuab, tsawg dua rau cov grenade launchers thiab phom tsis siv neeg. Li no txoj siv tawv loaded nrog cartridges tau txais nws lub npe - tshuab rab phom siv.

Cartridge siv txoj siv sia

Ntxiv rau qhov tsis pom zoo ntawm daim kab xev pub mis, lub kaw lus no kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo, xws li: rau qee qhov, muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm vim qhov nce ntawm qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntev ntawm riam phom. Hauv qhov no, thaj chaw zoo tshaj plaws ntawm daim ntawv thov siv txoj siv sia tau txiav txim siab: rab phom hnyav, phom loj loj, tub rog, tank, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab dav hlau tshuab, tsis siv neeg grenade launchers, phom me me. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub lub teeb tshuab rab phom, qhov system no yog siv ua ke nrog ib phau ntawv xov xwm.

Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm lub kaw lus yog: lub hnab ntim khoom siv (tshuaj rab phom tshuab) - txoj siv sia nrog cov khoom siv rau cov cartridges, thiab cov txheej txheem rau kev pub mis rau cov kab rov qab, uas muaj lub zog txav thiab lub zog tsav. Lub essence ntawm daim kab xev system yognyob rau hauv tsis siv neeg txav ntawm daim kab xev loaded nrog cartridges nrog txhua txhaj tshuaj los ntawm lub zog mechanism los ntawm ib kauj ruam, uas yog sib npaug rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cartridges nyob ib sab. Qhov me me ntawm cov kauj ruam txav, qhov tsawg zog yuav tsum tau pub rau lub tshuab rab phom siv. Qhov no ua rau kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov txheej txheem pub, tso cai rau koj ua kom cov ntaub nplaum ntau dua, uas txo qhov hnyav "tuag" thiab ua rau kom tag nrho maneuverability ntawm riam phom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov no txo qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm daim kab xev, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov loj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cartridge.

Kev siv lub tshuab rab phom

siv lub tshuab rab phom yog siv los tso cov cartridges rau nws nrog qee lub sijhawm ntawm ib leeg. Kev pub ntawm daim kab xev rau kev txav lub cartridge mus rau hauv lub chamber yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib tug mechanism uas yog tsav los ntawm lub zog ntawm lub txav qhov chaw ntawm lub riam phom, thaum lub sij hawm tom ntej no cartridge yog nyob rau hauv ib tug nruj txoj hauj lwm (kauj ruam) rau theem tom ntej. khoom.

Cartridge txoj siv muaj qhov hnyav "tuag" qis dua li cov ntawv xov xwm phom, uas yog, qhov loj ntawm ib txoj siv khoob yog tsawg dua li qhov loj ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm khoob hauv kev suav rau ib qho sib npaug ntawm cov cartridges. Tam sim no, nrog rau qhov yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv rau qhov kev siv zog thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev tua, nrog rau kev nce hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov riam phom, siv cov tshuab siv tau nce ntxiv hauv cov phom loj loj, hnyav thiab lub teeb. Vim tias muaj ntau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg uas tsim qee qhov tsis yooj yim thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, kev ua haujlwm tas li tau ua los txhim kho lub tshuab rab phom siv uas yuav tsum tau tsim kom yooj yim dua.

keeb kwm me ntsis

Ib qho ntawm thawj lub tshuab siv lub tshuab siv lub tshuab siv tshuab tau siv rau hauv rab phom Bailey uas siv tes ua. Qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab rotating chim system tau patented nyob rau hauv 1876. Lub tshuab rab phom siv nyob rau hauv lub Bailey system yog ib tug canvas sawb nrog L-shaped hlau squares sewn rau. Cov tuav ntawm tubular cartridges tau txuas rau cov squares. Tom qab txhaj tshuaj, cov ntaub ntawv cartridge tseem nyob hauv daim kab xev.

Txawm hais tias tseem sim, Bailey's system tsis tau siv dav. Thawj tus qauv tsim tawm tiag tiag yog Maxim tshuab rab phom. Daim kab xev rau qhov riam phom no yooj yim li sai tau hauv kev tsim thiab yog ib qho elongated version ntawm bandolier siv. Ob lub canvas strips tau sewn ua ke, tsim los ntawm, sib npaug-pitch cartridge hnab ris.

Views

Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm lub tshuab rab phom siv: saj zawg zog thiab nruj. Thawj, nyob rau hauv lem, muab faib ua mos, semi-rigid thiab ua ke. Siv lub tshuab rab phom tuaj yeem ua los ntawm canvas lossis paj rwb, caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel, yas. Cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv niaj hnub no yog cov hlau, vim nws yog qhov cuam tshuam tsawg tshaj plaws los ntawm huab cua.

Raws li txoj hauv kev sib txuas, muaj ob hom hlau nplaum: nrog kev sib txuas sib txuas thiab ntev ntev. Nyob rau hauv ib daim kab xev detachable, tus neeg sib txuas yog ua ke los ntawm cov cartridges lawv tus kheej thaum nws yog nruab. Thaum lub sij hawm tua,ejection ntawm siv lub tes tsho sib txuas, cov kev sib txuas poob sib nrug. Xws li cov kab xev tsis txwv qhov ntev, muaj lub suab me me thiab yooj yim rau kev tswj hwm, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nruj ntawm cov tsheb tub rog sib ntaus sib tua thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm armored.

Cov kab xev ntev ntev yog siv hauv cov kab ke. Lawv cov kev sib txuas ib leeg haum ua ke, tshem tawm kev sib cais thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tso cai rau lawv siv rau cov khoom siv rov qab. Cov no yog cov ntaub nplaum rov siv tau. Tshuab rab phom siv 7, 62 hli ntawm qhov ntev yog siv hauv Goryunov tshuab rab phom thiab Kalashnikov cov phom tshuab zoo li qub. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov tapes yog los ntawm 50 mus rau 250 rounds.

Rigid cartridge belt - ib daim hlau hlau nrog cov ntawv ntim rau hauv nws. Rigid daim kab xev tsis muaj qhov zoo dua li qhov yooj yim ntawm lub cuab yeej. Lawv lub peev xwm yog tsawg heev. Siv rau hauv rab phom hnyav, xws li Hotchkiss system.

Yam yuav tsum tau muaj rau siv rab phom tshuab

Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov riam phom tsis siv neeg, lub tshuab rab phom siv tau raug jerks thiab siv zog heev. Yog li ntawd, ib qho ntawm cov kev cai tseem ceeb rau daim kab xev yog nws lub zog. Nws yog vim muaj kev pabcuam loj hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm riam phom thiab lawv kev thauj mus los.

Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm automation, lub cartridge muab rau tus txais yuav tsum nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm nruj. Qhov no yuav tshem tawm cov distortions thiab, raws li qhov tshwm sim, ncua kev tua. Lub fixation ntawm daim cartridge nyob rau hauv daim kab xev yuav tsum txhim khu kev qha nyob rau hauv ib tug tej txoj hauj lwm thiab tsis txhob cuam tshuam los ntawm co thaum lub sij hawm tua los yog kev thauj mus los. Txawm li cas los xij, lub zog yuav tsum tauKev tshem tawm cov cartridge los ntawm lub latch, yuav tsum tsis txhob loj dhau rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm siv ntawm riam phom tsis siv neeg.

Link device

Txhua lub tshuab rab phom siv ib txwm muaj cov khoom siv los kho cov cartridge thiab nws txoj kev sib dhos. Hauv cov hlua hlau, kev txhim kho thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm daim cartridge yog ua los ntawm ib feem ntawm qhov txuas tib lub sijhawm. Rau lub hom phiaj no, cov ceg ntawm qhov txuas yog siv, uas lub tes tsho so nrog rau hauv qab, los yog cov protrusions (tails) ntawm qhov txuas uas poob rau hauv qhov zawj ntawm lub tes tsho. Kev kho kuj tuaj yeem muab los ntawm kev nres ntawm lub tes tsho txoj kab nqes tiv thaiv sab hauv ntawm qhov txuas nqes hav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv canvas, cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov cartridges tau ua los ntawm kev siv txhua feem kaum hlau cais phaj, uas tau ua ntev dua thiab protruded tshaj lub canvas strip. Kev txhim kho, nrog rau kev sib dhos, tau ua tiav vim yog cov ntaub pua plag quav ntawm lub tsho ntawm lub tes tsho.

Ntaus tshuab phom ntawm Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II

Txawm thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, rab phom tshuab tau suav tias yog ib hom riam phom tshwj xeeb nrog ntau yam kev sib ntaus sib tua. Los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua, hom riam phom no tau suav hais tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov luv thiab nruab nrab. Kev kho dua ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov riam phom no tau poob rau Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, nws yog lub sijhawm no uas qee cov qauv ntawm cov phom tshuab tau dhau los ua cov lus dab neeg thiab cov qauv tsim rau yav tom ntej. Cov phom nrov tshaj plaws ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II uas siv txoj siv sia siv tau teev tseg hauv qab no:

• Single machine gun MG 42. German tshuab rab phom MG 42 7, 92 mm Mauser (luv rau Maschinengewehr, uas yog txhais"Mechanical Rifle"), tau txais los ntawm Wehrmacht hauv xyoo 1942. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij riam phom feem ntau, nws suav tias yog rab phom tshuab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nws lub sijhawm. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nws txoj kev yooj yim, yooj yim, durability, kev cia siab, thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, qhov sib piv tsis sib xws ntawm hluav taws.
• Legendary tshuab rab phom 7.62 hli "Maxim" qauv 1941 nrog lub caj dab loj ntawm lub tsho txias. Hauv teb, txawm siv daus los txias lub thoob.
• 7, 62-mm tshuab rab phom ntawm Goryunov SG-43 system. Tsim thiab muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam hauv xyoo 1943 los hloov lub Maxim thiab Degtyarev DS-39 tshuab rab phom.

Loading machine- gun belt

Cov cuab yeej ntawm daim kab xev kuj tuaj yeem nqa tawm manually, muaj txawm tias tus qauv tshwj xeeb rau qhov no. Tab sis nrog ntau cov mos txwv, ib lub tshuab tshwj xeeb yog siv los thauj cov siv phom phom. Ib qho cuab yeej siv rau kev thauj khoom cartridge siv los ntawm Rakov paub. Lub tshuab no, tsim los rau 7.62 hli cartridges, muaj ob peb qhov tseem ceeb: lub hopper, txav hauv qab, ib daim kab xev, ib tug sorter nrog ib tug dab tshos, feeder, crank kov, vaj huam sib luag, clamp, rammer, thiab ib tug daim kab xev nres. Lub bunker tau ntim nrog cov cartridges kom lawv nyob thoob plaws nws. Lub hau ntawm lub receiver qhib, daim kab xev yog ntxig nrog cov kev sib txuas hauv qab. Thawj daim cartridge yog muab tso rau hauv qhov txuas manually, daim kab xev yog nteg los ntawm daim cartridge tiv thaiv rammer. Rau kev thauj khoom, tus kov tig tusyees clockwise, thaum ntxiv cov cartridges rau lub hopper thiab xyuas kom meej tias txoj siv tawv tsis twist thaum thauj khoom.

Thaum thauj daim kab xev manually, nws muab tso raulub xib teg ntawm sab laug tes nrog lub ntsis ntawm nws tus kheej thiab adheres rau tus ntiv tes xoo. Cartridges tau khaws nrog sab tes xis thiab cov kev sib txuas tau muab tso rau kom qhov kev txwv tsis pub nkag mus rau hauv lub voj voog ntawm lub cartridge. Nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub muab daim kab xev los ntawm ib qho txuas, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tawg ntawm cov kev sib txuas, nrog rau siv cov cartridges puas.

Cartridge thawv

Kev yooj yim ntawm kev siv thiab kev thauj mus los, cov khoom siv tau muab tso rau hauv cov thawv tshwj xeeb rau siv rab phom:

• Cylindrical (RPD tshuab rab phom) uas daim kab xev tau dov. Thaum daim kab xev txav, thaum tua, tag nrho cov yob tig, uas siv lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm riam phom.
• Rectangular (PK/PKM, KPV, NSV "Utes" tshuab phom). Daim kab xev yog nteg hla lub thawv hauv kab. Lub tshuab pub tsuas yog txav cov kab saum toj kawg nkaus hauv lub thawv thiab qhov dai ntawm cov hlua.

Cov ntaub ntawv plaub lub thawv yog siv dav hauv cov qauv niaj hnub ntawm cov riam phom tsis siv neeg. Lawv qhov ntev yog nyob ntawm hom thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov cartridges hauv daim kab xev. Cartridge thawv rau cov phom tshuab siv cov cartridges ntawm tib hom (piv txwv li, PK, SGM, PKT - phom 7, 62 hli) yog sib hloov. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov thawv ntim khoom yog 100, 200 lossis 250 rounds, rau lub tank tshuab rab phom ntau lub thawv muaj peev xwm muab.