2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28
Lo lus "khoom muag" tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus tsis ntev los no, tab sis kev lag luam khoom noj muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiab nws muaj nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb, nws tus kheej thev naus laus zis, nws keeb kwm. Wb tham txog dab tsi lub khw muag khoom noj khoom haus yog dab tsi, nws cov yam ntxwv nta thiab qhov sib txawv, dab tsi yog nws lub xeev thiab kev loj hlob zeem muag.
Lub tswv yim ntawm khw muag khoom
Lo lus "khoom muag" tuaj rau hauv Lavxias los ntawm lus Askiv thiab txhais tau tias kev lag luam muag khoom. Txawm hais tias lo lus "khoom muag" txhais tau tias "rov qab". Tab sis niaj hnub no nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam kev nkag siab. Lub tswv yim no suav nrog txhua qhov kev lag luam uas muab cov khoom lag luam rau cov neeg siv khoom kawg, i.e. cov neeg yuav khoom rau lawv tus kheej cov kev xav tau thiab rau lawv tsev neeg, thiab tsis yog muag lossis ua lag luam. Lub khw muag khoom loj muaj ntau ntu, suav nrog cov khw muag khoom noj. Kev muag khoom muaj nyob raws li nws cov cai, siv cov thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb thiab cov cuab yeej los txhawb cov khoom.
Nyob ntawm khw muag khoom
Txhua yamcov khw muag khoom tuaj yeem raug cais raws li cov khoom lawv nqa. Hauv qhov no, kev muag khoom noj khoom haus thiab kev lag luam hauv cov khoom tsis yog khoom noj muaj qhov txawv. Koj tuaj yeem faib cov khw muag khoom los ntawm txoj kev faib khoom. Hauv qhov no, faib:
- Kev muag khoom. Cov no yog cov khw muag khoom uas paub zoo nyob rau hauv cov plag tsev hauv qab ntawm cov tsev nyob lossis cov tsev sib cais ntawm txoj kev hauv nroog.
- Muag khoom online. Nov yog hom kev lag luam online tshiab.
- Network khw muag khoom. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov khoom raug faib los ntawm ib lub network ntawm cov neeg sawv cev uas lawv tus kheej npaj kev lag luam, nce qib, khaws cia thiab xa cov khoom rau cov neeg siv khoom.
- Muag khoom txawb. Kev lag luam tawm tshiab rau kev lag luam los ntawm cov ntawv thov mobile hauv xov tooj. Lub khw no zoo ib yam li kev lag luam online thiab feem ntau siv tib txoj kev xa khoom.
Lub hom phiaj thiab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khw muag khoom
Lub khw muag khoom noj khoom haus muaj kom ua tiav ob lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb: kom ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau ntawm cov khoom noj thiab kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm kev lag luam khoom noj.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm lub khw muag khoom yog:
- Muaj. Txhua yam khoom hauv khw muag khoom tuaj yeem yuav los ntawm txhua tus neeg siv khoom. Qhov kev txwv nkaus xwb yog kev cai lij choj rau qee yam khoom, xws li luam yeeb lossis cawv.
- Kev tswj hwm loj thiab kev tswj hwm. Lub khw no poob rau hauv txoj cai "Ntawm Kev Lag Luam", "Ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Neeg Siv Khoom", "Nyob Hauv Khw Muag Khoom".
- Tus nqi tshwj xeeb. Khw muag khoomCov nqi tsim nyob ntawm qhov xav tau, thiab lawv ib txwm siab dua cov nqi lag luam wholesale, raws li lawv suav nrog kev lag luam paj rau kev teeb tsa kev lag luam thiab xa khoom rau cov neeg siv khoom.
- Muaj ntau yam. Lub khw muaj ntau yam khoom.
- Muaj ntau hom kev lag luam sib txawv. Cov khw muag khoom xa khoom mus rau cov neeg siv khoom hauv ntau txoj hauv kev, thiab cov qauv tau raug txhim kho tas li kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.
Lub tswvyim ntawm "khoom noj khoom haus"
Ib yam ntawm kev lag luam qub tshaj plaws yog kev muag khoom ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus. Niaj hnub no, lub khw no hu ua cov khw muag khoom noj. Lub peculiarity ntawm lub khw no yog tias tus neeg muag khoom muab cov khoom siv los ua kom tau raws li nws cov kev xav tau, nrog rau cov kev pabcuam cuam tshuam. Piv txwv li, xa khoom hauv tsev, xaj khoom noj los ntawm ib daim ntawv teev npe. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus neeg siv khoom thiab tus muag khoom yog tswj hwm los ntawm txoj cai lij choj "Rau Txoj Cai ntawm Cov Neeg Siv Khoom". Raws li txoj cai lij choj no, tus neeg muag khoom yuav tsum muab cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab muag hauv cov xwm txheej uas ua tau raws li qhov tsim nyog. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus, kev lag luam lag luam koom nrog kev tshaj tawm cov khoom, lawv cov kev txhawb nqa. Tus neeg muag khoom tau txais txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev yuav khoom thiab tus nqi muag khoom. Nws yuav cov khoom hauv ntau thiab muag rau cov neeg siv khoom hauv txhua qhov ntau, pib los ntawm ib chav tsev ntawm cov khoom. Tus neeg muag khoom kawm txog cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, tsim kev thov rau qee yam khoom, txhawb nqa cov neeg siv khoom. Yog li, khoom noj khoom hauskhw muag khoom yog ib txoj haujlwm nyuaj uas cuam tshuam txog kev muag khoom noj khoom haus rau cov neeg siv khoom kawg.
Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khw muag khoom noj
Kev lag luam khoom noj yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv qub tshaj plaws ntawm hom kev ua ub no. Cov khw muag khoom yog thawj cov qauv kev lag luam hauv cov khoom lag luam. Thaum pib, lawv qhib cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev lag luam sib xyaw, tab sis maj mam tshwj xeeb pib tsim. Nrog rau kev lag luam hauv khw, kev lag luam hauv bazaars thiab kev lag luam yog nrov heev. Nrog lub advent ntawm industrial ntau lawm, khw muag khoom noj qhib thawj zaug. Cov khw muag khoom pheej yig tas li siv zog los tsim cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ntawm kev lag luam, nrhiav kev ntxiv rau kev muag khoom. Qhov no ua rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qauv tshiab rau kev muag khoom. Raws li nyob rau hauv txhua lub khw muag khoom, cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus niaj hnub tab tom nrhiav kev tshiab los nce kev muag khoom thiab txhim kho cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab, nrog rau kev sib koom ua lag luam.
Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov khw muag khoom noj uas cov tuam txhab lag luam ua qhov tseem ceeb dua. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus tau ntes feem ntau ntawm cov khw. Kev lag luam tau dhau los ua neeg vam meej. Lub xyoo pua 21st tau coj ntau cov thev naus laus zis tshiab uas tau dhau los ua kev xav tau hauv kev lag luam khoom noj. Niaj hnub no koj yuav tsis xav tsis thoob rau leej twg nrog lub khw muag khoom tus kheej, tab sis maj mam hloov los ntawm cov khw muag khoom tsis muaj cov muag khoom thiab cov khw muag khoom hauv online. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm lub khw no yog cov ntaub ntawv qub ntawm kev muag khoom, hloov pauv, tsis txhob ploj mus, tab sis txuas ntxiv mus.nyob rau hauv kev thov. Yog li niaj hnub no, qee tus neeg yuav khoom nyiam yuav khoom noj khoom haus hauv khw, txawm tias cov qauv tshiab pom lawv cov neeg siv khoom.
Txoj kev ntawm lub khw muag khoom noj khoom haus
Kev lag luam khoom noj yog suav tias yog hom kev lag luam ruaj khov tshaj plaws. Yog li ntawd, ntau tus players yog rushing mus rau lub khw no. Kev sib tw nce ntxiv ua rau kev tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ntawm kev lag luam, nrog rau kev txo qis ntawm cov txiaj ntsig. Cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus yog lub khw muag khoom qis, yog li txhua tus neeg ua si tau sim ua kom cov khoom muag nce ntxiv. Txij li thaum tsuas yog loj ntim tso cai rau koj kom tau tangible profits. Niaj hnub no, cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus tau muab faib ua pawg hauv qab no:
- chains loj;
- me me;
- khw thiab bazaars;
- tsis yog cov khw muag khoom niaj hnub ntawm cov qauv tshiab;
- ib txwm muaj.
Muaj kev tsov rog loj ntawm cov neeg sib tw hauv kev ua lag luam no. Nws nta cov tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb, teb chaws, cheeb tsam thiab hauv zos. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua lag luam no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev muaj ntau hom kev lag luam.
Cov neeg tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam Lavxias
Cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev sib sau ua ke. Cov khw muag khoom hauv network tau tuav ntau thiab ntau qhov sib koom, squeezing me tub lag luam tawm ntawm kev ua lag luam. Niaj hnub no, cov khw muag khoom noj loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Russia nyob yuav luag 30% ntawm tag nrho cov khw thiab txuas ntxiv ua kom muaj zog loj los ua kom cov duab no. Rau cov players loj tshaj plaws hauv kev ua lag luam LavxiasCov khw muag khoom noj muaj xws li:
- X5 Retail Group. Lub tuam txhab nrog Pyaterochka, Karusel thiab Perekrestok cov khw muag khoom ntseeg siab tuav cov thawj coj hauv kev ua lag luam no, nws feem kwv yees li ntawm 9.5%.
- "Magnet". Lub network tab tom ntsib teeb meem hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam cov neeg sib tw, tab sis tab tom sim khaws nws cov kev sib koom. Txog 16,000 lub khw muag khoom ua haujlwm raws li Magnit hom hauv Russia.
- "Auchan". Cov khw muag khoom Fab Kis tau nquag tshawb nrhiav kev lag luam Lavxias los ntawm kev qhib cov khw muag khoom ntawm ntau hom. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, txog 300 lub khw ntawm lub network no tab tom ua haujlwm hauv Russia.
- "kab xev". Hauv tsev network tsim hypermarket thiab supermarket hom. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov saw hlau tau pom muaj kev loj hlob tseem ceeb, thiab niaj hnub no nws ua haujlwm 328 lub khw thoob plaws lub tebchaws.
- "Dixie". Lub network yog sawv cev los ntawm cov khw muag khoom raws li "Dixie" thiab "Victoria". Nws npog feem ntau yog European ib feem ntawm lub tebchaws. Hnub no, tus neeg muag khoom no muaj 2,700 lub khw qhib.
- Metro Nyiaj & Nqa. Lwm txawv teb chaws network conquering lub lag luam Lavxias teb sab. Lub tuam txhab kev ua tau zoo xyoo tas los tsis yog qhov ci ntsa iab, tab sis tus neeg muag khoom tab tom sim khaws nws txoj kev sib koom los ntawm kev tsim cov qauv ntawm cov khw muag khoom me me thiab cov khw muag khoom loj thiab Fasol 'cov khw muag khoom yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, lub network hauv Russia tam sim no muaj tsawg dua 100 lub khw.
Tseem ntawm lub khw no yog cov chains xws li Okay Group, Anix, Monetka, Maria Ra, Globus, uas kuj tshaj tawm lawv lub siab xav nce lawv txoj kev sib koom. Feem ntau, qhov ntim ntawm cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus yog kwv yees li 25 trillion rubles.
Kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, qhov xwm txheej hauv khw muag khoom noj khoom haus tau nce zuj zus. Cov kws tshaj lij sau tseg qhov kev poob qis hauv kev loj hlob, uas tsis ntau tshaj 2-3% hauv ib xyoos, thiab kev kwv yees rau cov khw muag khoom noj yog nyob deb ntawm rosy - kev loj hlob yuav qeeb. Kuj tseem muaj qhov txo qis ntawm qhov ntsuas nruab nrab, uas tseem yog qhov qhia txog kev ua lag luam qeeb. Cov qauv tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov khoom noj khoom haus hauv tebchaws Russia tuaj yeem hu ua:
- Kev nthuav dav ntxiv ntawm tes hauj lwm. Txhua lub network tab tom ua txoj haujlwm zoo ntawm kev tsim txhua ntu kev lag luam, thaum tuav cov tub lag luam me.
- Mastering hom kev lag luam online. Cov neeg ua si loj thiab me nkag siab tias muaj lub sijhawm zoo tom qab kev lag luam hauv Is Taws Nem, yog li maj mam ntu no tau ntsib kev txhawb siab thiab nce kev sib tw.
- Khw muag khoom muaj npe. Niaj hnub no, cov neeg siv khoom siv rau qhov tseeb tias cov neeg muag khoom tsim kev sib txuas lus tas li nrog nws, nws tsis xav mus rau lub khw muag khoom tsis paub nrog cov kev pabcuam tsis paub. Cov neeg ua si tseem ceeb tau them nyiaj ntau rau lub tsev lag luam, ua haujlwm ntawm kev pabcuam zoo, kev lees paub hauv khw, thiab lawv cov qauv tsim sab hauv.
- Cov kev pabcuam tshiab. Cov khw muag khoom noj muaj ntau thiab ntau lub sijhawm rau cov neeg yuav khoom. Muag khob cij kub, npaj pluas mov, noj kas fes tau dhau los ua cov kev pabcuam hauv khw muag khoom noj. Tsis tas li niaj hnub no, tus neeg yuav khoom tuaj yeem sov so cov khoom noj khoom haus, xaj khoom xa tuaj lossis npaj khoom noj khoom haus.
- Hais txog zaub mov noj qab nyob zoo. Ntu ntawm cov khoom noj ntuj thiab noj qab nyob zootab tom loj hlob, thiab cov qauv no, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau xyoo tom ntej.
Kev Lag Luam Technology
Cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus sib tw ua kom nrawm nrog kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis. Yog li ntawd, kev lag luam niaj hnub no tab tom hloov pauv, thiab lawv tsuas yog loj hlob xwb. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nyob rau hauv lub khw muag khoom, ntau thiab ntau lub sij hawm tus neeg siv yuav tau sib txuas lus nrog robots. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov no yuav cuam tshuam rau cov neeg khaws nyiaj: kev pabcuam tus kheej tau dhau los ua tus qauv, thiab ntxiv mus nws yuav dhau los ua kev coj ua dav dav. Kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov khoom hauv khw yuav ua raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tus cwj pwm. Niaj hnub no, cov kws tshaj lij tab tom tham txog kev tsim lub zeem muag hauv computer, thiab qhov tshwm sim no yuav raug siv rau hauv kev nthuav qhia cov khoom rau tus neeg yuav khoom. Tsis tsuas yog nyiaj ntsuab, tab sis kuj daim npav hauv txhab nyiaj yuav maj mam tawm hauv khw muag khoom. Txuas daim npav thiab tag nrho cov kev pabcuam rau hauv xov tooj yog twb yog lub ntiaj teb sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, siv lub xov tooj, nws yuav muaj peev xwm tsis tsuas yog them nyiaj rau cov khoom, tab sis kuj yuav tau txais cov lus qhia ntawm lawv, npaj kev xa khoom, thiab tau txais kev tshwj xeeb los ntawm tus muag khoom ntawm qhov nkag mus rau hauv lub khw. Kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus yog kev loj hlob ntawm ib tus neeg mus kom ze rau txhua tus neeg siv khoom, thiab cov thev naus laus zis tshiab pab txhawb rau qhov no.
Innovation hauv cov khoom lag luam
Kev lag luam tsis quav ntsej txog kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm thev naus laus zis. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim kho tshiab hauv khw muag khoom noj khoom haus yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb. Cov kev hloov tshiab tseem ceeb hauv kev ua lag luam no suav nrog cov qauv hauv qab no:
- Kev txhim kho ntawm kev yuav khoom txawb. Raws li cov tub ntxhais hluas uas loj hlob tuaj "nrog lub xov tooj ntawm tes hauv lawv txhais tes"ua ntau thiab hnyav hnyav, kev lag luam mobile lag luam kuj loj hlob. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tsis npaj txhij siv sijhawm mus rau tom khw thiab xaiv cov nqaij lossis qos yaj ywm. Lawv yuav yooj yim xaj tag nrho cov no los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom ntseeg siab los ntawm daim ntawv thov mobile.
- Kev txhim kho kev xa khoom thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam cuam tshuam. Cov neeg yuav khoom niaj hnub xav tau txhua yam sai sai rau nws lub tsev. Nws tsis xav siv sijhawm mus yuav khoom, yog li kev xa khoom noj khoom haus yog ib qho kev loj hlob sai tshaj plaws hauv khw.
- Tus kheej mus kom ze rau tus neeg yuav khoom. Niaj hnub no, cov thev naus laus zis digital ua rau nws tuaj yeem sau ntau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus neeg yuav khoom thiab nws tus cwj pwm, qhov no yog siv los tsim kev sib txuas lus nrog nws. Tam sim no, lub khw hauv online tab tom tsim ib tus neeg muab rau cov neeg siv khoom raws li lawv qhov kev thov thiab cov neeg siv khoom keeb kwm, thiab cov qauv no tsuas yog loj hlob xwb.
khoom lag luam kev lag luam tawm tswv yim
Hnub no, kev ua lag luam khaws cov ntaub ntawv qub thiab niaj hnub kev lag luam. Cov hom khoom muag feem ntau yog:
- kiosks thiab pavilions:
- khw muag khoom yooj yim;
- supermarkets;
- hypermarkets;
- kev lag luam.
Cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus feem ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm cov khw muag khoom yooj yim, cov khw muag khoom loj thiab cov khw muag khoom loj.
Pom zoo:
Cov khoom lag luam poob nyiaj txiag ntawm cov nuj nqis: lub tswv yim, lub hwj chim thiab txoj cai ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm, lub tswv yim rau kev ua ntaub ntawv thov kev lag luam thiab kev sib tw
Yog tias tus qiv nyiaj tsis tuaj yeem them rov qab tag nrho cov lus thov ntawm cov neeg qiv nyiaj raws sijhawm thiab tag nrho, tom qab ntawd los ntawm lub tsev hais plaub txiav txim siab nws yuav raug tshaj tawm tias ua lag luam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub tuam txhab lag luam poob nyiaj ntawm cov nuj nqis raug ntsuas. Tag nrho cov cuab yeej muaj los ntawm lub tuam txhab thaum lub sij hawm pib ntawm kev ua lag luam poob nyiaj yuav raug ntsuas. Cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev muag cov chaw no yog siv los them cov nuj nqis
Lub khw muag khoom noj khoom haus npaj ua lag luam nrog suav. Yuav ua li cas qhib lub khw muag khoom noj: cov lus qhia ib kauj ruam
Ib lub tswv yim ua lag luam nrov tshaj plaws hauv peb lub teb chaws yog qhib lub khw muag khoom noj. Ntawm ib sab, txhua yam yog yooj yim heev thiab banal. Xws li cov kev taw qhia tsis yog tshiab thiab tsis tuaj yeem muab piv nrog cov kev tsim kho tshiab tshaj plaws hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, thiab lwm yam. Tab sis, txawm li cas los xij, xws li lub tswv yim kev lag luam yog ib qho kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws, nrog rau kev pheej hmoo tsawg ntawm kev poob peev
Tsev noj mov lub tswv yim: kev tshawb nrhiav kev lag luam, kev txhim kho, cov tswv yim npaj txhij nrog cov piv txwv, piav qhia, ntawv qhia zaub mov, tsim thiab qhib lub tswv yim lub tsev noj mov
Kab lus no yuav pab koj nkag siab yuav ua li cas npaj cov lus piav qhia ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm lub tsev noj mov thiab koj yuav tsum xav txog dab tsi thaum tsim nws. Nws tseem yuav ua tau kom paub txog cov piv txwv ntawm cov tswv yim npaj txhij uas tuaj yeem ua kev tshoov siab los tsim lub tswv yim ntawm kev qhib lub tsev noj mov
Kev haus luam yeeb txias tshuab: lub tswv yim ntawm cov txheej txheem, kev tsim kho lub tsev haus luam yeeb, cov cai tseem ceeb ntawm kev haus luam yeeb thiab kev npaj zaub mov
Thaum ua noj ntses lossis nqaij hauv lub tebchaws, yog tias xav tau, koj tuaj yeem siv tshuab haus luam yeeb txias. Siv cov txheej txheem no, nws yuav tsis yooj yim kom tau txais cov khoom qab zib heev hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, kom haus cov ntses, nqaij lossis hnyuv ntxwm hauv txoj kev txias, tau kawg, koj yuav tsum ua kom raug
Kuv tuaj yeem muag lub xov tooj nyob qhov twg: kev yuav khoom, khw muag khoom, khw muag khoom ntiag tug, kev tshaj tawm online thiab kwv yees tus nqi
Txhua hnub tshiab thiab zoo nkauj xov tooj tshwm muag. Cov neeg tab tom nrhiav cov qauv tshiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov koob yees duab txias. Tab sis yuav ua li cas nrog cov xov tooj zoo li ua haujlwm zoo, tab sis tsis haum rau peb lawm? Yog li ntawd, nws tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb los muag lawv ntawm tes lossis hauv Is Taws Nem
