Lavxias cargo aircraft: yees duab, tshuaj xyuas, specifications

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Txoj haujlwm ntawm kev txav khoom los ntawm taw tes A mus rau taw tes B tuaj yeem daws tau ntau txoj hauv kev. Qhov ceev tshaj plaws, tab sis kuj tseem kim tshaj, yog kev siv aviation. Cov dav hlau thauj khoom hauv tebchaws Russia tau siv ob qho tib si los ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm Pawg Tub Rog thiab hauv kev lag luam hauv tebchaws.

Kev faib tawm dav dav

Cov khoom thauj kuj thauj los ntawm cov neeg caij dav hlau, tab sis rau lawv qhov no yog txoj haujlwm dhau mus. Yuav kom daws tau qhov tseem ceeb, tag nrho tsev neeg ntawm cov cuab yeej siv dav hlau tau tsim. Muaj ob pawg loj ntawm cov tshuab no: ramp aircraft thiab cargo nrog ib sab qhov rooj. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom thauj yog thauj los ntawm hom thib ob, thawj zaug yog siv rau kev ua tub rog thiab rau kev thauj mus los ntawm cov khoom thauj tsis zoo. Cov duab ntawm Lavxias teb sab cargo aircraft ntawm ntau hom tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus.

Side door

Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev thauj mus los, yuav luag txhua lub tshav dav hlau loj pib muaj cov cuab yeej siv tsim nyog. Cov khoom thauj yog thauj hauv cov thawv ntim khoom txheem. Qhov no ua rau nws rov ua dua kom muaj cov txheej txheem tsim nyogncaj qha rau ntawm lub nkoj cargo aircraft. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev lag luam, lub dav hlau nrog lub qhov rooj sab yuav ib txwm ua tau zoo dua li ib qho ramp. Yog tias tsuas yog vim kev siv lub teeb.

Feem ntau cov no yog cov neeg caij dav hlau hloov dua siab tshiab lossis dav hlau ua rau ntawm lawv lub platform. Xws li cov nkoj thauj khoom hauv tebchaws Russia tau sawv cev los ntawm Il-96-400T, Tu-204S, Il-114T qauv. Mechanisms tuaj yeem siv los thauj cov thawv thiab cov khoom thauj khoom. Hmoov tsis zoo, muaj tsawg heev ntawm lawv ua haujlwm.

Lavxias airlines feem ntau siv cov cuab yeej Western rau lub hom phiaj no. Thiab yog vim li cas ntawm no yog heev banal. Ib tug me me ntawm lub dav hlau nyob rau hauv kev ua hauj lwm objectively ua rau tsis zoo txij nkawm. Rau ntau lub tshuab ya, kev tsim lub network ntawm warehouses thiab technical centers yog kiag li irrational. Vicious vaj.

Ramp

Ib yam ntawm cov tshuab no yog lawv txoj kev ywj pheej los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tshav dav hlau. Lawv tau nruab nrog winches, hoists thiab lwm yam khoom siv uas tso cai rau cov neeg coob ua haujlwm txhua qhov tsim nyog thauj khoom thiab thauj khoom. Lavxias teb sab tub rog cargo dav hlau yog hom no. Tseem muaj civilian versions ntawm aircraft. Lawv qhov sib txawv yog nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj ntau lub tshuab uas tso cai rau lawv ua haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua. Piv txwv li, lub dav hlau tiv thaiv kab mob, pom cov kab ke thiab lwm yam.

Tsev neeg ntawm Lavxias lub nkoj thauj khoom no yog sawv cev los ntawm ntau yam qauv, feem ntau tsim hauv Antonov thiab Ilyushin Design Bureau. Tsis zoo li dav hlau nrog lub qhov rooj sab,cov tshuab no tau ua haujlwm ob qho tib si hauv dav hlau thiab hauv Tub Rog Tub Rog, nrog rau ntau - hauv tub rog. Muaj coob leej nyob hauv lwm lub tebchaws.

Kev tsim kho thiab tsim khoom

Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm USSR, peb lub teb chaws tsis muaj lub sijhawm los ua nws tus kheej tsim cov dav hlau thauj khoom. Cov chaw tsim khoom tau tsom mus rau hauv Kyiv, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom tau tsom mus rau hauv Ukraine thiab Uzbekistan, uas tau los ua cov xeev ywj pheej. Qhov no ua rau muaj teeb meem loj ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib koom tes thiab kev tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom, suav nrog rau cov tshuab ua haujlwm.

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, Ukraine tau tso tseg tag nrho cov kev koom tes, thiab Uzbekistan tau liquidated nws lub peev xwm ntau lawm rau zus tau tej cov cargo aircraft rau Russia. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 2004, nws tau txiav txim siab los npaj tsim cov ramp aircraft ntawm Il-76 tsev neeg nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Tam sim no, xws li kev tsim khoom twb tau teeb tsa hauv Ulyanovsk.

Txhua lub dav hlau thauj khoom Lavxias tuaj yeem muab faib ua 4 chav nyob ntawm lawv lub peev xwm nqa. Nws raug nquahu kom xav txog lawv kom ntxaws ntxiv.

aircraft superheavy

Hom no suav nrog An-124 lub dav hlau, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm kev nqa lub peev xwm thiab dav hlau dav hlau, nrog rau qhov loj ntawm cov khoom thauj khoom. Nws tsis yog ib qho zais cia tias nws tau tsim los ua ib qho kev thauj mus los uas muaj peev xwm hla dej hiav txwv kom xa cov khoom siv tub rog. Niaj hnub no, cov tshuab no nquag siv rauUa kom muaj kev ua haujlwm hauv Syria.

Ntau cov qauv ntawm cov cuab yeej ua tub rog hauv kev pabcuam tsuas yog thauj los ntawm cov dav hlau no xwb. Los ntawm txoj kev, lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv Russia, thiab tsis nyob rau hauv Ukraine. Daim duab tseem ceeb qhia tau hais tias lub dav hlau no

Heavy aircraft

Lub nkoj loj tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias lub nkoj thauj khoom hauv kev ua haujlwm yog sawv cev los ntawm hom no. Cov no yog ntau yam kev hloov kho ntawm Il-76 aircraft ua nyob rau hauv Tashkent. Tsawg tshaj li ib txhiab ntawm lawv tau tsim, thiab ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lawv tseem ua haujlwm. Tsis ntev los no, kev xa khoom ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm Il-76MD-90A aircraft tsim los ntawm Ulyanovsk Aviastar tau pib.

Il-96-400T lub dav hlau thauj khoom nrog lub qhov rooj sab, raws li lub hauv paus uas yuav tsim lub tsheb dav hlau tshiab, kuj yog cov dav hlau hnyav. Tsis tas li ntawd hauv chav kawm no, lub dav hlau An-22 "Antey", uas, hmoov tsis, tau ua haujlwm hauv ib daim ntawv, yuav tsum tau sau tseg.

Medium aircraft

Lavxias nruab nrab cargo dav hlau suav nrog cov tsheb uas muaj peev xwm nqa txog 20 tons. Tam sim no, tag nrho cov cuab yeej siv ramp yog sawv cev los ntawm ib lub dav hlau An-12. Cov chav kawm no kuj suav nrog lub dav hlau thauj khoom tsim nyob rau hauv Russia - Tu-204S, uas tab tom ua haujlwm. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug tshiab ramp nruab nrab cargo aircraft Il-276 tab tom ua. Thaum pib, nws tau npaj los ntawm kev sib koom ua haujlwm ntawm Russia thiab Is Nrias teb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg koom tes Indian tau tso tseg lub tswv yim, ua ntej khov qhov project thiab tom qab ntawd kaw nws tsis raug cai.

Txawm tias sib koompab pawg neeg tsim qauv Lavxias-Indian hauv Moscow tau ua haujlwm zoo rau kev tsim cov qauv tsim ua ntej rau ib xyoos. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau cov neeg Khab kom tawm hauv qhov project yog qhov tsis sib haum xeeb loj hauv cov kev xav tau ntawm lub dav hlau vim qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua thiab kev pab cuam ntawm ob lub teb chaws.

Lub dav hlau

Aircraft ntawm chav kawm no muaj lub peev xwm nqa me me - txog li 10-12 tons, thiab siv los daws cov teeb meem ntawm kev thauj mus los luv luv. Lawv sawv cev los ntawm cov qub dav hlau ramp An-72, An-32, An-26, L-410. Raws li cov tshiab cargo aircraft ntawm Russia, uas yog nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj rau ntau lawm. Qhov no yog lub dav hlau Il-114T nrog rau sab qhov rooj thiab qhov chaw tshiab Il-112V.

Key Features

Lub peev xwm nqa ntawm Lavxias lub dav hlau thauj khoom, cov duab thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tau sau tseg hauv cov lus hauv qab no:

dav hlau	Type	Max khoom- nce. (tonnes)	Max off. siab (tonnes)	Qty prod. (pieces)	Nyob hauv cabin dimensions (meters)	Max nrawm km/h	Max. ntau nrog max. load (km)
An-124	R	120	392	55	6, 4x4, 4	865	4800
An-22	R	60	225	69	4, 4x4, 4	650	5200
IL-96-400T	D	92	270	5	3, 45x3, 4	850	5000
IL-76 (Uzbekistan)	R	48	190	950	3, 45x3, 4	850	3800
IL-76MD-90A (Russia)	R	60	210	5	3, 45x3, 4	850	4000
Tu-204S	D	30	110	12	3, 4x2, 08	850	3900
An-12	R	21	61	1248	3,5x2,6	660	1800
IL-276	R	20	68	0	3, 45x3, 4	870	2100
An-72/74	R	7, 5	32	200	2, 2x2, 15	870	2700
An-26	R	5	24	1400	2, 2x1, 6	540	1100
IL-112	R	5	21, 4	0	2, 42х2, 45	550	1000
IL-114	D	7	23, 5	5	3, 25x1, 71	685	1000

xeev thiab kev cia siab

Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam Soviet, muajMuaj coob tus tsim bureaus thiab aircraft factories, kev sib tw ntawm lawv - tag nrho cov no coj mus rau lub heterogeneity ntawm lub fleet ntawm cargo aircraft. Ntxiv mus, txhua lub dav hlau muaj ob peb versions lossis hloov kho. 4 hom tshuab ntawm ntau hom kev lag luam thiab kev tsim khoom yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke tsawg, uas ua rau lawv cov kev saib xyuas nyuaj thiab kim.

Kev tsim khoom ntawm tag nrho cov ntau yam ntawm ramp cargo aircraft los ntawm super-hnyav mus rau lub teeb nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws feem ntau yog ib tug tshwj xeeb phenomenon. Ntxiv mus, tsis tuaj yeem tham txog kev tsim khoom loj, vim tias cov neeg siv khoom tseem ceeb yog cov tub rog, thiab cov peev txheej tseem ceeb yog lub xeev pob nyiaj siv.

Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, tsuas yog lub dav hlau hnyav thiab nruab nrab yog tsim los ntawm ramp aviation, hauv Europe - nruab nrab thiab lub dav hlau. Hauv tebchaws Russia, ntxiv rau qhov hnyav Il-76, cov tsheb hauv qab no yog nyob rau ntau theem ntawm kev npaj:

• light IL-112V;
• medium IL-276;
• super heavy PAK TA.

Raws li rau cov khoom siv nrog lub qhov rooj, lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub peev xwm uas twb muaj lawm rau kev tsim cov neeg caij dav hlau thiab yuav luag tag nrho. Ntxiv mus, decommissioned neeg nrog caij dav hlau feem ntau hloov mus rau hauv tsheb thauj khoom. Nyob rau hauv Russia, txhua yam yog nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tiam sis. Lub dav hlau nrog lub qhov rooj sab kuj raug tsim los yog npaj rau kev tsim khoom, zoo li cov neeg caij dav hlau hloov kho. Cov no yog Il-96, Tu-204 thiab Il-114.