Hluav taws xob tam sim no yog dab tsi? Cov xwm txheej rau lub neej ntawm hluav taws xob tam sim no: yam ntxwv thiab kev ua

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Cov hluav taws xob tam sim no yog qhov hluav taws xob hauv kev txav. Nws tuaj yeem ua raws li kev tso tawm tam sim ntawm hluav taws xob zoo li qub, xws li xob laim. Los yog nws tuaj yeem yog cov txheej txheem tswj hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob, roj teeb, hnub ci lossis roj hlwb. Niaj hnub no peb yuav xav txog lub tswv yim ntawm "hluav taws xob tam sim no" thiab cov xwm txheej rau lub neej ntawm hluav taws xob tam sim no.

Electrical zog

Feem ntau ntawm cov hluav taws xob uas peb siv los ntawm kev hloov tam sim no los ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob uas ua haujlwm raws li Faraday txoj cai ntawm induction, vim qhov hloov pauv magnetic teb tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws xob tam sim no hauv tus neeg xyuas pib.

Cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj cov kab sib hloov ntawm cov hlau uas dhau los ntawm cov hlau nplaum raws li lawvkev sib hloov. Raws li cov coils tig, lawv qhib thiab kaw cov txheeb ze ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab tsim cov hluav taws xob tam sim no uas hloov cov kev taw qhia nrog txhua qhov tig. Tam sim no mus dhau lub voj voog mus rau pem hauv ntej thiab rov qab 60 zaug hauv ib ob.

Cov tshuab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv los ntawm chav turbines rhuab los ntawm thee, natural gas, roj lossis nuclear reactor. Los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, qhov tam sim no dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv, qhov twg nws qhov hluav taws xob nce. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov xov hlau txiav txim siab tus nqi thiab lub zog ntawm tam sim no lawv tuaj yeem nqa yam tsis muaj cua sov thiab nkim lub zog, thiab qhov hluav taws xob tsuas yog txwv los ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov xov hlau insulated hauv av.

Nws yog qhov nthuav kom nco ntsoov tias tam sim no nqa los ntawm ib lub xaim xwb, tsis yog ob. Nws ob sab raug xaiv raws li qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, txij li qhov polarity ntawm qhov hloov pauv tam sim no hloov pauv 60 zaug hauv ib ob, lawv muaj lwm lub npe - kub (lub cev muaj zog kab) thiab hauv av (dhau hauv av los ua kom tiav Circuit Court).

Vim li cas peb thiaj xav tau hluav taws xob?

Muaj ntau yam kev siv hluav taws xob: nws tuaj yeem teeb tsa koj lub tsev, ntxuav thiab ziab koj cov khaub ncaws, nqa koj lub qhov rooj chav nres tsheb, rhaub dej hauv lub hwj, thiab siv hluav taws xob lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev uas ua rau peb lub neej yooj yim dua. Txawm li cas los xij, lub peev xwm tam sim no los xa cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb zuj zus.

Thaum txuas rau Is Taws Nem, lub khoos phis tawj siv tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no, tab sis qhov no yog yam tsis muaj tus neeg niaj hnub notsis xav txog nws lub neej.

tswvyim ntawm hluav taws xob

Zoo li dej ntws, ntws ntawm cov dej molecules, hluav taws xob tam sim no yog cov dej ntws ntawm cov khoom siv. Nws yog dab tsi uas ua rau nws, thiab yog vim li cas ho tsis mus ib txwm mus rau tib txoj kev? Thaum koj hnov lo lus ntws, koj xav li cas? Tej zaum nws yuav yog tus dej. Nws yog ib lub koom haum zoo, vim hais tias yog vim li cas cov hluav taws xob tam sim no tau txais nws lub npe. Nws zoo ib yam li cov dej ntws, tsuas yog hloov cov dej molecules txav raws cov channel, cov khoom them nqi txav raws tus neeg xyuas pib.

Ntawm cov xwm txheej tsim nyog rau kev muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no, muaj ib yam khoom uas muab rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Atoms nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj ntau ntawm cov khoom pub dawb uas ntab ncig thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov atoms. Lawv lub zog yog random, yog li tsis muaj kev khiav hauv ib qho kev taw qhia. Nws yuav siv li cas rau qhov hluav taws xob tam sim no?

Cov xwm txheej rau qhov muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no suav nrog qhov muaj qhov hluav taws xob. Thaum siv rau tus neeg xyuas pib, tag nrho cov hluav taws xob dawb yuav txav mus rau tib qho kev taw qhia, tsim kom muaj qhov tam sim no.

xav txog hluav taws xob

Qhov nthuav yog tias thaum hluav taws xob hluav taws xob xa mus los ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib ntawm lub teeb nrawm, cov electrons lawv tus kheej txav qeeb dua. Qhov tseeb, yog tias koj taug kev leisurely ntawm ib sab ntawm cov hlau conductive, koj qhov ceev yuav yog 100 npaug sai dua.electrons txav. Qhov no yog vim lawv tsis tas yuav mus kev deb heev los hloov lub zog rau ib leeg.

Ncaj thiab hloov tam sim no

Hnub no, ob hom tam sim no tau siv dav - ncaj qha thiab hloov pauv. Hauv thawj zaug, cov electrons txav mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia, los ntawm sab "tsis zoo" mus rau sab "zoo". Lub alternating tam sim no thawb cov electrons rov qab thiab tawm mus, hloov cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov ntws ob peb zaug ib ob.

Cov tshuab hluav taws xob siv hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob los tsim hluav taws xob yog tsim los tsim hluav taws xob sib hloov. Tej zaum koj yeej tsis tau pom tias lub teeb hauv koj lub tsev yeej flickering raws li cov kev taw qhia tam sim no hloov, tab sis nws tshwm sim sai dhau rau lub qhov muag tsis pom.

Dab tsi yog cov xwm txheej rau kev muaj hluav taws xob ncaj qha? Vim li cas peb xav tau ob hom thiab qhov twg zoo dua? Cov no yog cov lus nug zoo. Qhov tseeb tias peb tseem siv ob hom tam sim no qhia tias lawv ob leeg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Raws li deb rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua puv 19, nws tau pom tseeb tias kev sib kis tau zoo ntawm lub zog dhau qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab lub tsev tsuas yog ua tau ntawm qhov hluav taws xob siab heev. Tab sis qhov teeb meem yog tias xa cov hluav taws xob siab heev yog qhov txaus ntshai heev rau tib neeg.

Txoj kev daws teeb meem no yog txhawm rau txo kev ntxhov siab sab nraum tsev ua ntej xa mus rau sab hauv. Txog niaj hnub no, cov hluav taws xob ncaj qha tau siv los xa cov khoom lojnrug, feem ntau yog vim nws muaj peev xwm hloov tau yooj yim mus rau lwm yam voltages.

Yuav ua li cas hluav taws xob ua haujlwm

Cov xwm txheej rau qhov muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tus neeg xyuas pib thiab qhov hluav taws xob. Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tau kawm txog hluav taws xob thiab pom tias muaj ob hom: zoo li qub thiab tam sim no.

Nws yog qhov thib ob uas ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv lub neej niaj hnub ntawm txhua tus neeg, vim nws yog cov hluav taws xob uas hla dhau ntawm lub voj voog. Peb siv nws txhua hnub los txhawb peb lub tsev thiab ntau dua.

hluav taws xob tam sim no yog dab tsi?

Thaum cov nqi hluav taws xob ncig hauv Circuit Court ntawm ib qho chaw mus rau lwm qhov, hluav taws xob tam sim no raug tsim. Cov xwm txheej rau qhov muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no suav nrog, ntxiv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, muaj tus neeg xyuas pib. Feem ntau nws yog hlau. Nws Circuit Court yog ib tug kaw Circuit Court uas tam sim no ntws los ntawm lub hwj chim qhov chaw. Thaum lub voj voog qhib, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav txoj kev taug. Piv txwv li, thaum lub teeb hauv koj chav kaw, lub Circuit Court qhib, tab sis thaum lub Circuit Court kaw, lub teeb yog qhib.

lub zog tam sim no

Cov xwm txheej rau qhov muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no hauv tus neeg xyuas pib tau cuam tshuam zoo heev los ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo li lub zog. Qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm lub zog siv ntau npaum li cas nyob rau lub sijhawm.

Muaj ntau yam sib txawv uas tuaj yeem siv tauqhia txog tus yam ntxwv no. Txawm li cas los xij, lub zog hluav taws xob yuav luag ntsuas hauv watts. Ib watt sib npaug ib joule ib ob.

Kev them nqi hluav taws xob

Cov xwm txheej twg rau qhov muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no? Nws tuaj yeem ua raws li kev tso tawm tam sim ntawd ntawm hluav taws xob zoo li qub, xws li xob laim lossis lub txim taws los ntawm kev sib txhuam nrog cov ntaub plaub. Ntau zaus, txawm li cas los xij, thaum peb tham txog hluav taws xob tam sim no, peb txhais tau tias muaj kev tswj xyuas hluav taws xob ntau dua uas ua rau lub teeb thiab cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Feem ntau ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob yog nqa los ntawm qhov tsis zoo electrons thiab zoo protons nyob rau hauv lub atom. Txawm li cas los xij, tom kawg yog feem ntau immobilized hauv atomic nuclei, yog li kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev xa cov nqi ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov yog ua los ntawm electrons.

Electrons hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li hlau yog qhov yooj yim txav ntawm ib lub atom mus rau lwm qhov raws lawv cov kab hluav taws xob, uas yog cov hluav taws xob ntau dua. Lub zog hluav taws xob txaus lossis qhov hluav taws xob tsim kom muaj qhov tsis sib xws uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov hluav taws xob txav mus los ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib ua hluav taws xob tam sim no.

Yog tias peb kos ib qho piv txwv nrog dej, ces muab piv txwv li cov yeeb nkab. Thaum peb qhib lub valve ntawm ib qho kawg kom tso dej nkag mus rau hauv cov yeeb nkab, peb tsis tas yuav tos kom cov dej ua haujlwm nws txoj kev mus rau qhov kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab. Peb tau txais dej ntawm lwm qhov kawg yuav luag tam sim ntawd vim tias cov dej nkag los thawb cov dej uas twb muaj lawm hauv cov yeeb nkab. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum muaj hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv cov hlau.

Hluav taws xob tam sim no: cov xwm txheej rau qhov muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no

Cov hluav taws xob tam sim no feem ntau yog saib raws li qhov ntws ntawm electrons. Thaum ob qhov kawg ntawm lub roj teeb txuas rau ib leeg nrog cov hlau xaim, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob no ntws los ntawm cov hlau los ntawm ib qho kawg (electrode lossis ncej) ntawm lub roj teeb mus rau qhov tsis sib xws. Yog li, cia peb lub npe cov xwm txheej rau qhov muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no:

1. Charged particles.
2. Explorer.
3. Voltage source.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua yam yooj yim heev. Cov xwm txheej dab tsi tsim nyog rau kev muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no? Cov lus nug no tuaj yeem teb tau ntau yam los ntawm kev saib cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:

• Muaj peev xwm sib txawv (voltage). Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm 2 lub ntsiab lus yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv, txhais tau hais tias lub zog quab yuam uas tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv ib qho chaw yuav tsum siab dua lawv lub zog ntawm lwm qhov. Voltage qhov chaw, raws li txoj cai, tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm, thiab electrons raug faib ncaj ncees nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tswj xyuas qee yam khoom siv uas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke, yog li tsim cov hluav taws xob tsim nyog (piv txwv li, hauv roj teeb).
• Hluav taws xob tiv thaiv (tus neeg xyuas pib). Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb thib ob uas tsim nyog rau kev muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no. Qhov no yog txoj hauv kev uas them cov khoom mus. Tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv uas tso cai rau cov electrons txav mus los ua tus neeg xyuas pib. Tib yam ntawmuas tsis muaj peev xwm no hu ua insulators. Piv txwv li, ib tug hlau hlau yuav yog ib tug zoo conductor, thaum nws cov roj hmab sheath yuav yog ib tug zoo insulator.

Tau ua tib zoo kawm txog cov xwm txheej rau qhov tshwm sim thiab muaj nyob ntawm hluav taws xob tam sim no, tib neeg muaj peev xwm tswj tau lub zog muaj zog thiab txaus ntshai no thiab coj nws mus rau txiaj ntsig ntawm noob neej.