Thin-txheej chromatography: txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau kev tsom xam

Thin-txheej chromatography: txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau kev tsom xam
Thin-txheej chromatography: txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau kev tsom xam

Video: Thin-txheej chromatography: txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau kev tsom xam

Video: Thin-txheej chromatography: txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau kev tsom xam
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Thin-txheej chromatography occupies ib tug ua txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub quantitative thiab semi-quantitative tsom xam ntawm complex tshuaj, ntuj, biomedical, technological, tshuaj thiab ntau lwm yam tshuaj. Nyias txheej chromatography kuj yog txoj kev siv tau tshaj plaws rau kev tsom xam ntawm yuav luag txhua chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj.

Nyias txheej chromatography
Nyias txheej chromatography

Txoj kev sib cais thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm ntau lub tshuab yog siv dav hauv cov chaw soj nstuam ntawm ntau yam tshwj xeeb thiab cov lus qhia: kev huv thiab kev kis mob, kws kho tsiaj, agrochemical, kev tshawb fawb, forensic, nrog rau ntawm cov chaw tiv thaiv nroj tsuag, hauv cov chaw tsim khoom thiab chaw ua haujlwm. ntawm forensic kws kho mob.

Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej nyias nyias chromatography raws li kev txav ntawm cov eluent (cov kuab tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas) hauv cov txheej txheem sorbent vim yog qhov hu ua capillary rog,yog qhov yooj yim thiab yooj yim ntawm cov txheej txheem chromatographic, qib siab ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm kev tsom xam thiab tus nqi qis ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog.

Ua kua chromatography
Ua kua chromatography

Thin-txheej chromatography, muaj cov qib siab ntawm rhiab heev (tsis tshua muaj qhov ntsuas pom) thiab kev xaiv, tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab 10-20 μg ntawm cov tshuaj nrog qhov tseeb txog li 7%, uas yog qhov ntsuas siab heev. Nyias txheej chromatography tuaj yeem yog hom adsorption thiab faib. Thawj qhov kev xaiv yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm txheej txheej nyias txheej chromatography yog qhov txav ntawm cov kuab tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov txheej txheem sorbent thiab cov spatial faib ntawm cov khoom sib txawv nyob ntawm lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv thiab cov khoom. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov molecules ntawm cov sib txawv muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov qauv yog sorbed (deposited) ntawm cov khoom nto ntawm cov phaj chromatographic nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Yog li ntawd, complex multicomponent systems tau maj mam muab faib ua nyias Cheebtsam.

Tsiv ntawm qhov sib txawv nrawm raws cov txheej txheem sorbent, sib cais, twb tau sib cais, cov khoom tsim ib chromatogram. Txhua qhov chaw xim sib raug rau ib yam tshuaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom tsis muaj xim yog illuminated nrog ultraviolet lub teeb, nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm ntau lub tebchaw pib fluoresce, los yog lawv tau kho nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb coloring reagent.

Gas-kua chromatography
Gas-kua chromatography

Ntawm cov kev tshuaj ntsuam niaj hnub no, roj-kua chromatography sawv tawm. Txoj kev sib cais thiab kev txheeb xyuas noyog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev siv cov kua tshwj xeeb uas tsis yog-volatile raws li sorbent, uas ntub cov hmoov ceramic khoom. Thiab ntau yam inert gases tau siv ntawm no ua qhov nruab nrab tsav tsheb. Txoj kev no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kawm cov kev sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj ntau pua yam sib txawv.

Lwm txoj hauv kev niaj hnub no rau kev kawm txog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke yog kua chromatography. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev no yog kev sib cais ntawm tus kheej cov khoom siv los ntawm kev siv qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv qhov kev faib tawm ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes (eluent) thiab nyob ruaj khov (sorbent) theem. Txoj kev no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsom xam ntawm ntau yam organic tebchaw (khoom noj khoom haus additives, tshuaj tua kab, ntau yam co toxins, thiab lwm yam). Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev tshawb fawb chromatographic no yog siv los tswj qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj npaj tshuaj, txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj steroids hauv cov kua dej lom neeg, tshuaj xyuas amino acid thiab lwm yam.

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