Hlau kaum qhov ntev - GOST

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-17 18:53

Hlau kaum - cov khoom siv dav siv hauv kev lag luam, hauv kev tsim cov tsev thiab cov qauv, nrog rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm kev lag luam hauv lub tebchaws. Vim qhov tsim tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv dov hom no tau nce rigidity thiab tuaj yeem siv los sib sau ua ke nrog cov npoo loj ntawm kev nyab xeeb. Nws yog ib lub ces kaum ntawm ib tug ntev steel khoom, nyob rau hauv tus ntoo khaub lig seem zoo li tsab ntawv "G". Muaj tsuas yog ob yam ntawm nws lub ntsiab: vaj huam sib luag-txheej thiab tsis sib npaug-txheej. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, qhov dav ntawm "rooj" ntawm cov khoom yog tib yam, nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - txawv. Qhov ntev ntawm lub kaum hlau, nws qhov hnyav thiab hom khoom siv rau kev tsim khoom yog tswj los ntawm GOST.

Kev faib tawm

Qhov sib npaug thiab tsis sib npaug tuaj yeem yog:

• kub dov (tsim raws li cov qauv qhia los ntawm GOST 8510-86 thiab GOST 8509-93);
• khoov (GOST 19771-93 thiab GOST 19772-93).

thawj ntau yam yog qhov muaj zog ntxiv. Xws li ib lub ces kaum feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho cov qauv hlau,raug kev nyuaj siab ntau ntxiv. Bent ces kaum yog cov nyiam tshaj plaws. Lawv siv txhua qhov chaw. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm dabtsi yog khoov steel strips ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb nias.

Kuj cov khoom hlau no tau muab faib ua:

• standard;
• siab precision.

thawj ntau yam cim nrog tsab ntawv "B", qhov thib ob - "A".

Lub kaum ntse ntse

Raws li qhov ntsuas no, cov khoom lag luam tau muab faib ua ntsuas thiab tsis yog qhov ntev. Tseem muaj ib lub ces kaum ntawm ntau qhov ntev thiab txwv. Cov khoom ntsuas tuaj yeem muaj qhov ntev ntawm 6, 7, 9, 10, 11 lossis 12 m. Lawv cov nqi nyob ntawm qhov hnyav (uas yog, tus neeg siv khoom them tsis yog rau ib chav tsev ntawm cov khoom, tab sis rau tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm kev yuav khoom lossis, hauv mob heev, rau footage). Ib lub ces kaum tsis ntsuas tuaj yeem yog qhov ntev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, daim duab no txawv ntawm 4 mus rau 12 m. Feem ntau, cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev ntawm hom no tsis ntev dhau lawm, vim lawv feem ntau tsuas yog cov khoom me me xwb.

Qee lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm ntau yam thav duab, load-bearing qauv, thiab lwm yam, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias qhov ntev ntawm lub kaum sab xis hlau tsis yog-tus qauv. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg siv khoom muaj lub sijhawm los xaj cov khoom ntev dua 12 m.

Length yuam kev

Ntawm lwm yam, GOST kuj tswj hwm qhov txwv kev sib txawv ntawm lub kaum sab xis rau qhov ntsuas no. Cov tom kawg yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj:

• 30mm rau 4m kaum;
• 40 hli rau cov khoom mus txog 6 m;
• 70mm rau 6m mus rau 12m kaum.

Raws li qhov kev thov ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, cov kev txwv no tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau qhov raug ntau dua (40 hli rau cov khoom 4-7 m ntxiv rau 5 hli rau txhua qhov ntev ntawm 7 m). GOSTs tswj tsis tau tsuas yog qhov ntev ntawm qhov sib npaug-txheej thiab tsis sib npaug-txheej hlau kaum, lawv qhov hnyav thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws sib txawv, tab sis kuj yog cov degree ntawm lawv curvature. Tom qab tag nrho, cov khoom zoo yuav tsum du. Qhov siab tshaj plaws tus nqi ntawm curvature ntawm lub ces kaum raws li GOST yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 0.4% ntawm qhov ntev. Raws li qhov kev thov ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, cov tuam txhab koom nrog kev tsim cov hlau yob tsim cov khoom lag luam nrog qhov curvature ntawm tsis ntau tshaj 0.2% ntawm qhov ntev. Twisting ntawm lub ces kaum nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia nyob ib ncig ntawm lub GOST axis tsis pub.

txee dav thiab qhov hnyav

Qhov tseeb, lub kaum hlau puas tuaj yeem muaj qhov ntev? GOST tswj feem ntau qhov sib piv ntawm qhov dav ntawm lub rhawv ntawm cov khoom no, lawv cov thickness thiab qhov hnyav. Thawj qhov ntsuas nws txawv ntawm 20 mus rau 200 mm. Lub thickness ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem ncav cuag 16 hli. Dab tsi raws nraim yuav tsum yog qhov piv ntawm qhov dav ntawm lub txee thiab qhov hnyav ntawm 1 linear meter ntawm cov khoom, saib cov lus hauv qab no.

txee dav (mm)	Thickness ntawm steel siv rau kev tsim khoom (mm)	Nyhav (kg)
30	3-4	1.36-1.78
35	3, 4 lossis 5	1.6, 2.1 lossis 2.58
40	3-5	1.85, 2.42, 2.98
50	3, 4, 5, 6	2.32, 3.05, 3.77
70	4.5,5,6,7,8	4.87, 5.38, 6.39, 7.39, 8.37

Saum toj no yog qhov piv txwv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom vaj khoom tsev sib npaug. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, nrog tib qhov dav ntawm cov txee, lawv cov thickness tuaj yeem sib txawv. Raws li, qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom kuj hloov. Qhov ntev ntawm cov hlau tsis sib npaug, lossis qhov dav ntawm nws "rooj", kuj tuaj yeem sib txawv li ntawm 20-200 hli. Qhov piv ntawm qhov ntsuas no thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom hauv qhov no yog tswj hwm los ntawm GOST thiab tau qhia hauv cov rooj tshwj xeeb.

qib steel

Lub zog ntawm lub kaum hlau hlau tsis yog nyob ntawm txoj kev ntawm nws cov khoom siv, lub thickness thiab qhov dav ntawm lub txee. Nws cuam tshuam qhov ntsuas no thiab hom khoom siv twg los tsim cov khoom. Lawv ua ib lub ces kaum ntawm cov hlau hauv qab no:

• carbon tsis tu ncua zoo;
• siab zog qis alloy.

Hauv thawj kis, cov qib hlau tau siv, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm uas tau tswj hwm los ntawm GOST 380-88. Qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau siv rau kev tsim cov kaum sab xis yog txiav txim siab los ntawm GOST 19281-89.

Ntau tshaj hlau kaum qhov ntau thiab tsawg

Cov khoom lag luam xav tau tshaj plaws ntawm hom no yog cov khoom khoov los ntawm qib ferrous hlau "B". Qhov kev xaiv no yog pheej yig duaces kaum ntawm stainless hlau ntawm chav kawm "A". Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ces kaum no muaj cov npoo txaus ntawm kev nyab xeeb kom ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha tuaj yeem sib sau los ntawm lawv.

Dab tsi yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub kaum hlau? 40 x 40 mm, 50 x 50, 70 x 70 thiab 100 x 100 mm yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws txee dav. Thawj cov khoom lag luam, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsim cov awnings, gazebos, lub rooj ntev zaum, cov rooj sab nraum zoov, thiab lwm yam. Rau cov qauv tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm, xws li lub ces kaum muaj cov npoo txaus ntawm kev nyab xeeb.

Cov khoom lag luam 50 x 50 mm tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev sib dhos ntawm cov laj kab, rooj vag, gratings, cov menyuam yaus lub viav vias, thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom siv no kuj siv rau kev siv tshuab engineering, nrog rau kev sib dhos ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau. Qhov ntev ntawm lub kaum hlau 50x50x5 mm lossis 50x50x6 mm tso cai rau koj los sib sau ua ke ntau hom thav ntawv uas muaj cov khoom me me. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, qhov tsis tshua muaj zog ntawm 50 x 50 x 3 lossis 50 x 50 x 4 mm tuaj yeem siv tau. Xws li lub ces kaum hnyav dua, thiab yog li tus nqi qis dua.

Zinc plated steel kaum

Feem ntau dov hlau ntawm hom no yog siv los sib sau cov qauv hlau uas raug cov dej noo thaum ua haujlwm. Txij li cov hlau zoo tib yam muaj kev cuam tshuam rau corrosion, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tshwj xeeb hom hlau kaum feem ntau yog siv - galvanized. Qhov kev xaiv no kim heev, tab sis txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj tshaj plaws nws tuaj yeem nyob tau ntau xyoo. Qhov ntev ntawm lub kaum hlau ntawm qhov ntau yam no (dav thiab thickness ntawm cov txee)zoo ib yam li qub.

Cov khoom ntawm cov khoom no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau. Zinc plating tuaj yeem ua tau ntau txoj hauv kev. Nrog rau qhov yooj yim immersion ntawm lub ces kaum mus rau hauv lub yaj, cov khoom nrog ib tug tiv thaiv txheej thickness ntawm 150 microns yog tau. Qee lub sij hawm galvanizing yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub rotating ntim ntim ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, zinc nkag mus rau sab saum toj txheej ntawm hlau thiab, txawm hais tias nws txheej thickness kuj yog 150 microns, nws tuav ntau zoo dua. Hlau kuj tuaj yeem coated nrog cov hlau no los ntawm kev txau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem siv ntau txheej txheej zinc - txog li ob peb millimeters.