Kazan rab phom Hoobkas: keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

FKP "Kazan Gunpowder Plant" yog lub tuam txhab tiv thaiv kev lag luam loj tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov hmoov phom, nqi, pyrotechnics thiab lwm yam khoom. Tshaj li 228-xyoo keeb kwm, ntau lab tons ntawm cov khoom tawg rau ntau lub hom phiaj tau raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm no.

nrhiav kev lag luam

Nrog rau kev txhim kho thaj av sab hnub tuaj ntawm Russia, yuav tsum tsim kom muaj cov tshuaj phom phom ze rau cov neeg siv khoom loj: cov neeg tshawb nrhiav, cov tub lag luam, cov miners. Kazan tau raug xaiv los ua qhov chaw rau kev tsim kho, uas yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov dej thiab av txoj kev. Cov mos txwv tau raug xa los ntawm Kama mus rau Urals, tom qab ntawd mus rau Siberia, thiab raws Volga mus rau Caucasus thiab Hiav Txwv Caspian.

Kazan rab phom Hoobkas pib ua haujlwm xyoo 1788. Xav txog qhov teeb meem hluav taws kub ntawm lub tuam txhab, thaum xub thawj lawv tso siab rau ua haujlwm rau nws cov neeg muaj lub luag haujlwm thiab muaj peev xwm tuav cov mos txwv: tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm. Tom qab ntawd, lub tsev kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb tau teeb tsa, qhov chaw uas cov menyuam yaus ntawm cov tub rog tau qhia txog cov khoom siv phom sij txaus ntshai. Kev sib haum xeeb tau tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm lub rooj cob qhia, ntawm no cov neeg ua haujlwm tau faib cov phiaj xwm rau vaj tse.

Kev Pab Txhawb Nqa Txiv Plig

Kazan rab phom Hoobkas tau ntim nrog kev ua haujlwm thaum muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb tub rog, uas yog nplua nuj hauv keeb kwm Lavxias. Kev ua tsov ua rog nrog Sweden, Qaib ntxhw, Napoleon, European kev sib tw tau thov kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntau ntxiv. Qhov no tau ua tiav los ntawm kev nthuav dav ntau lawm. Lub tuam txhab tau loj hlob, kev cob qhia tshiab tau qhib, thiab tom qab ntawd ib txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tau tsim rau cov nroj tsuag. Thaum thawj 100 xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov nroj tsuag tsim tau 2 lab phaus ntawm rab phom.

Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, KPZ tau ua ntau yam kev hloov kho dua tshiab thiab paub txog kev tsim cov hmoov tsis muaj pa luam yeeb pyroxylin. Txhua xyoo, lub tuam txhab tsim cov khoom ntim uas tsis tau muaj dhau los rau lub sijhawm ntawd - txog li 500,000 phaus.

Lub Tebchaws ntawm Soviets

Tom qab muaj kev kub ntxhov ntawm Tsov Rog Tsov Rog, kev lag luam maj mam nce lub zog. Active rearmament nyob rau hauv lub 30s pab rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom thiab technical puag. Kazan Gunpowder Factory tau ntsib Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II tag nrho. Cov mos txwv tau mob hnyav heev. Hnub thiab hmo ntuj, xya hnub hauv ib lub lis piam, cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim cov tshuaj phom sij uas tsim nyog thiab raug nqi. Feem coob ntawm cov txiv neej mus tiv thaiv lawv lub tebchaws, cov poj niam thiab cov hluas sawv tom qab lub tshuab.

Kev tsov rog tau qhia tias cov tub rog xav tau cov mos txwv zoo dua. Cov engineers ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Tshwj Xeeb Technical No. 40 tau coj los tsim cov khoom tshiab. Lawv tsim cov qauv ntawm "kev hloov pauv" cov khoom tawg nrog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Artillerymen qhuas cov khoom ntawm KPZ rau kev ntseeg siab thiab zoo tshaj plaws. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub Hoobkas tau txaus siab tshwj xeeb rau cov nqi them rau Katyushas.

Lub Sijhawm Tsis ntev los no

Nyob rau hauv lub 90s, lub tuam txhab ntsib ib tug tsis muaj kev thov rau cov khoom. Kev tswj hwm tsis meej pem ua rau muaj kev hem thawj ntawm kev lag luam. Xyoo 2002, tsoomfwv tau txiav txim siab rov qab tsim khoom. Lub Xeev Kazan Lub Xeev Phom Phom Cog tau txais nws lub npe tam sim no hauv 2002 tom qab kev txhim kho loj. Hauv xyoo 2003, qhov kev xav tau ntau tshaj $ 50 lab nyiaj pab tau los them cov nuj nqis thiab rov pib tsim cov mos txwv. Niaj hnub no, lub bullpen yog ib lub tswv yim, tseem fwv cov nroj tsuag.

Kev kub ntxhov

Tau ob centuries, kev raug xwm txheej tau tshwm sim ntau dua ib zaug hauv kev tsim khoom tawg. Keeb kwm paub qhov hluav taws kub uas coj mus rau qhov tawg loj heev ntawm mos txwv nyob rau hauv 1830 thiab 1884.

14.08.1917 muaj kev puas tsuaj tiag tiag tshwm sim - vim hluav taws, Kazan rab phom Hoobkas tau ya mus rau saum huab cua. Tus thawj coj, Lieutenant General Luknitsky, yuav luag tag nrho cov thawj coj, ntau pua tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub Hoobkas, ntau tus neeg nyob hauv Powder Sloboda tuag. 10,000 rab phom tshuab thiab ntau lab lub plhaub npaj tau raug rhuav tshem. Kuv yuav tsum pib tsim tawm los ntawm kos.

2017-24-03 Ib tug nqi detonated nyob rau hauv lub khw 3, ntshai cov neeg nyob hauv Kazan. Cov nplaim hluav taws kub hnyiab tau pom los ntawm txhua qhov chaw hauv nroog. Tib neeg tuag.

Modernization

Cov hmoov phom cog (Kazan) tau suav nrog hauv cov npe ntawm cov tuam txhab kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam, qhov twg nws tau npaj yuav rov tsim khoom los ntawm 2020. Lub sijhawm kawg ntawm kev tsim kho tseem ceeb ntawm bullpen tau ua tiav 30 xyoo dhau los. CEO Khalil Giniyatov hais tiasXyoo 2020, nws yuav yog ib qho tshiab, high-tech, cog kev nyab xeeb rau kev tsim cov hmoov nplej siab.

Ntawm ntau qhov chaw, automated complexes hloov kaum thiab ntau pua tus neeg ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev nitration, lub complex tshiab tswj kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm ob peb yam tseem ceeb: ib tug rauj zeb (sib tsoo cellulose), ib tug acid wetting tus neeg sawv cev thiab ib tug 20 cc reactor. Yav dhau los, tag nrho cov haujlwm txaus ntshai tau ua tiav manually. Niaj hnub no, ib tus neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas tag nrho cov txheej txheem hauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tshuab computer tswj.

Production

Kazan Phom Phom Cog yog nquag ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Nws tsim tau 100 tons ntawm rab phom ib hlis. Kev tsim khoom muab nyiaj tau los rau 2000 tus neeg.

Rau tub rog lub hom phiaj bullpen tsim:

• phom ntau yam;
• paint khoom;
• nitromastics;
• lwm cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj rau kev tsim cov mos txwv.

KPZ kuj muag cov khoom "kev thaj yeeb":

• yos hav zoov thiab ntaus pob ncaws pob;
• av anodes rau cathodic tiv thaiv cov kav dej thiab cov hlau hauv av.

Geography ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj yog dav. Cov no yog kev tiv thaiv thiab pej xeem kev lag luam ntawm Russia (Yoshkar-Ola, Izhevsk, Sarapul, Votkinsk, Klimovsk, Sergiev Posad, Lyubertsy, Khimki, Yekaterinburg, Severouralsk), Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Belarus, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Venezuela, Is Nrias teb, Cyprus,, Uganda thiab lwm lub tebchaws. Rau kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom zoo thiab kev nyab xeebhmoov cog (Kazan) nyob rau hauv 2012 tau muab tsub los ntawm tsoom fwv ntawm Tatarstan lub siab tshaj plaws puav pheej ntawm kev sib tw "Quality Leader".